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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Fermentation Products of streptococcus, lactobaccilus, baccillus? |
lactic acid |
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Fermentation products of Saccharomyces (yeast)? |
Ethanol and CO2 |
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Propionlbacteria fermentation products? |
Propionic acid, acetic acid, CO2, H2 |
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Clostridium fermentation products? |
butryic acid, butanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, CO2 |
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Escheria and Salmonella fermentation products?
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ethanol, lactic acid, succinic, acetic, CO2, h2
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Mixed acids
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Enterobacter fermentation products? |
ethanol, lactic acid, formic acid, butanediol, acetoin, CO2, H2 |
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Bacteria that will yield a positive result for catalase enzyme production? Which would yield a negative result?
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Staphylococcus (+)
Streptococcus (-) |
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Coagulase enzyme positive bacteria? Coagulase enzyme negative? |
Staph aureus (+) Staph epidermis (-) |
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Which vector does NOT infect non-diving cells (e.g. nuerons)? |
Retroviruses |
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Which vector(s) do effect stable gene integration? |
Retroviruses and Adeno-associated viruses |
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Which vectors are NOT in clinical use? |
adeno-ass. viruses and macromolecular conjugates |
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Fever producing element in Gram + bacteria and gram - bacteria
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LPS for gram -
Teichoic and LTA for gram + |
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How does LPS lead to septic shock
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Activation of macrophages to produce IL-1 and TNF- alpha
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Spore formation is characteristic of which two genre?
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Bacillus(aerobes) and Clostridium (anaerobes)
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Antibiotic inhibitors of 30S subunit
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Aminoglycosides: gentamycin, streptomycin, tobramycin
Tetracyclines: tetracyclines, doxycyclines |
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Antibiotic inhibitors of the 50S subunit
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Chloramphenocol
Lincosamidea Erythromycin Fusidic acid |
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Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis
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Beta lactams - inhibits transpeptidase
Vancomycin - binds terminal d-ala d-ala residues: Bacitracin - prevents dephophorylation of phospholipid carrier Cycloserine - inhibits inc. of serine in cell wall precursor |
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Antibiotics that target DNA replication
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Quinolones
Metronidazole |
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Antibiotics that target protein synthesis
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Chloramphenicol
Macrolides Clindamycin |
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Antibiotics that target RNA synthesis
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Rifampin
Rifabutin |
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Antibiotics that target antimetabolites
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Sulfonamides
Dapsone Trimethoprim Para-aminosalicylic acid |
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Rifampin mode of action
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Inhibits RNA synthesis by binding to DNA dependent RNA pol
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Quinolones mode of action
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Inhibits gyrase or topoisomerase -prevent DNA supercoiling
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Inhibitors of Folic Acid Synthesis.
Mode of action? Location? |
Sulfonamide drugs --> acts as competitive inhibitors at Dihydropteorate synthase binding site
Trimethoprim, pyrimethamine, methotrexate - DHF inhibitors |
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Bordetella pertussis
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Gram neg
Leads to whooping cough |
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Oral Bacteria Flora
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Viridans streptococci
Anaerobic streptococci Bacteroides fragilis Fusobacterium sp Lactobacillus Candida albicans |
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Colon Flora
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Bacteroides fragilis
Fusobacterium nucleatum E. Coli Clostridium difficile Lactobacillus acidophilus |
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Bacteria responsible for UTI's
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E. Coli
Klebsiella infections Enterobacter |
KEE
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Bacteria released
During dental extraction? |
Strep viridans
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Overgrowth of this bacteria lead to Bacterial Vaginosis
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Gardrenella vaginalis
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Distribution of S. Mutans, salivarius, pyogenes
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Tooth enamel, tongue, pharyngal epithelium
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Botulinum toxin leads to...
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Flaccid paralysis
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Tetanus toxin leads to... |
Spastic paralysis |
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Circular Naked Icosahedral DNA Viruses |
Polyoma and Papilloma |
Polyamorous Papi's |
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Linear, Naked, Icosahedra DNA Viruses |
Parvo Adeno |
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Enveloped and complex DNA viruses |
Hepadna Herpes Pox |
Pad Her Pleasure |
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Hemaglutinin is characteristic of which virus and what is its |
Influenza virus - allows it to attach to cells
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Which DNA viruses do not encode their own DNA dep DNA pol
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Polyoma
Papilloma Parvo |
Triple P
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Largest family
Of DNA viruses? How many infect humans? |
Herpes Virus - 8 forms that infect humans: HSV 1, 2, Varicella, EBV, human cytomegalo, HSV 6, 7, 8
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Viral Cause of Kaposi Sarcoma?
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HSV Type 8
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The ability to establish latent infections is characteristic of which virus?
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HSV
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Which virus is the only one to multiply in the cytoplasm of the infected cell?
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Poxvirus
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SS Naked Icosahedral RNA Viruses
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Hepes, Picorna, Calici
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He Pickled Calimari
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SS Enveloped Icosahedral RNA viruses
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Flavi
Toga Retro |
Flakes to Retain
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DS Naked Icosahedral RNA virus
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Reo
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Reoxidants
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Helical Enveloped RNA Viruses
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Arena
Bunya Paramyxo Filo Orthomyxo Delta Rhabdo |
Are
Bunnies Parasitic Filth Or Delightful Rhapsodies |
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Major cause of viral gastroenteritis in adults? Children up to age 10? |
Norwalk Virus - Calicivirus Rotovirus - Reovirus |
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Viral family who's genome is segmented and DS? |
Reovirus family |
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Pandemic strains of Influenza A virus is caused by ? |
Reassortment |
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Types of Virus-Host Interactions |
Cytocidal (lytic) Persistent, productive Persistent, non-productive Transformation |
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Effect of cell w/ Cytocidal infection |
morphology inhibition of protein, RNA, DNA synthesis |
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Effect on cell with Persistent productive viral infection
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No cytopathic effect, little metabolic disturbance
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Persistent, non productive viral infection effects on cell |
usually nil |
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Effect on cell due to transformation |
Alteration in cell morphology |
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Identify: Only retrovirus to cause cancer in humans
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Human T Cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV type 1)
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Which human Hep virus causes hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting p53
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Hep B
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Oncogenes that target p53 targets
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SV40 large T antigen
High risk HPV E6 Adenovirus E1B 55K and E4or6 Hep B virus X protein |
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Oncogenes that target Rb family targets
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HPV E7
Adenovirus E1A |
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Actinomyces israelii
Form Gram + or - Disease |
Bacillus
Gram + Connective tissue destruction |
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Bordetella pertussis
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Bacillus
Gram neg Whooping cough |
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Borellia burgdoferi
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Spirochete
Gram neg Lyme disease |
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Candida albicans
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Fungus
Gram + Thrush or vaginal yeast infection |
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Clostridium botulinum
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Bacillus
Gram + Flacccid paralysis |
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Clostridium dificile
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Bacillus
Gram + Pseudomembranous colitis |
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Clostridium perfringes
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Bacilus
Gram pos Gangrene |
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Clostridium tetani
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Bacillus
Gram pos Tetanus |
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C. Diphtheriae
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Bacilus
Gram pos Diptheria |
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Enterobacter
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Bacillus
Gram neg Gastroenteritis |
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E. Coli
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Bacillis
Gram neg Gastroenteritis, septicemia, UTI |
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Gardnerella vaginalis
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Cocco-baccillus
Gram pos Bacterial vaginosis |
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Gram + cocci microbes
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Staph or Strep
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Gram + Baccillus microbes
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Listeria
Bacillus Clostridium Corynebacterium |
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Gram - cocci
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Neisseria and moraxella
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Gram - Baccillus
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Everything else
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H. Pylori
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Vibrio
Gram neg Gastric cancer, ulcers |
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H. Influenzae
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Childhood meningitis
Coccobacilus Gram neg |
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Bacillus
Gram neg UTI |
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Mycobacterium leprae
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Bacillus
Gram neg Leprosy |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Bacillus
Gram neg Tb |
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N. Gonorrhea
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Diplococci
Gram neg Gonorrhea, UTI |
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N. Meningitidis
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Diplococci
Gram neg URTI |
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Salmonella
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Bacillus
Gram neg Gastroenteritis |
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S. Aureus
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Cocci
Gram pos Scalded skin syndrome |
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S. Mitis
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Cocci
Gram pos Endocarditis |
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S. Pneumoniae
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Pnemonia
Meningitis |
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S. Pyogenes (grp A)
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Diplo Cocci
Gram pos Pharyngitis, scarlet fever |
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Strep. Salivarius
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Cocci
Gram pos Endocarditis |
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Strep viridans
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Cocci
Gram pos Endocarditis |
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Treponema pallidum
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Spirochete
Gram neg Syphilis |
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