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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How can you calculate atomic number?
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calculating the number of protons that the atom contains
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How can you calculate atomic weight?
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calculating the number of protons and neutrons together
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How many electrons locate on the outermost shell if the atomic number for sodium is 11?
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1 electron
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A Chloride ion is negatively charged (-1). How many electrons did it originally have in its outer orbital as a chlorine atom?
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7 electrons
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What is the definition of isotope?
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same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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Which of the following is an isotope of 12C? 12H 14C
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14C
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Which of the following isotope is heavier than the other 12C or 14C
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14C
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Isotopes are radio active
True or False |
True
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What is the charge of proton, neutron and electron?
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proton (+), electrons (-), neutrons (no charge)
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What type of chemical bond bonded the molecule NaCl (Na+ Cl-) together?
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Ionic
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What bond is the weakest?
hydrogen < ionic < polar covalent < non-polar covalent |
Hydrogen
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What is the difference between polar and non polar covalent bond?
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Polar occurs when electrons around atom creates polarity or difference in electric charge.
Non polar bonds between atoms with similar electronegative and equal sharing of electrons. |
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How can you distinguish ionic bond, covalent bond, hydrogen bond, and Van der Waals interaction?
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ionic bonds: are formed between metals and non metals and are very strong due to the opposite charges between the atoms
covalent bonds: are formed between non metals and are much weaker than ionic bonds hydrogen bonds: are inter molecular forces and are the strongest of the 3 types of inter molecular forces van der waals: are also inter molecular forces and are very weak |
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What does the reactivity of an atom depend on?
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number of valence shells in a atom
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How can you distinguish matter, atom, element, compound, and molecule?
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elements(gold,copper,silver) are made up of atoms, compounds(water:h2O,table salt:calcium chloride) are chemical combinations of two or more substances and molecules are atoms huddled together(molecules normally form denser substances)
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About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?
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carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
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Which elements is a trace element that is essential to humans?
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Iron (Fe) Iodine (I)
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How can you distinguish acid from base?
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Acid: High Concentration of H+ makes it Acid. Anything which dissociates in water to increase H+ concentration
Base: High concentration of OH- make it basic Anything which releases OH- or combines with H+ when dissolved in water |
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How can you relate acid and base to PH scale?
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Acid: pH 6 or below Basic: pH 8 or above
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How can you distinguish organic compounds from inorganic compound?
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organic compounds contain carbon abundant in living organism
inorganic all metal-containing compounds |
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How can you distinguish autotroph from hetotroph?
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Autotrophs make their own food molecules through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. (plants, algae, some bacteria)
Heterotrophs must get their food molecules from another organism by eating it or by absorbing the nutrition (animals, fungi, protozoa, slime molds, some bacteria) |
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What are the four types of macromolecules? What are the structure and function of these macromolecules?
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Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic acids
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