Microbio Exam 3 Ch. 14-20

Front 1

Skin is difficult for bacteria to colonize because it is________.
A) dry
B) acidic
C) salty
D) oily
E) All of these

Back 1

E) All of these

Front 2

_____ showed that improved santitation decreases the incidence of epidemic typhus.
A) Nightingale
B) Snow
C) Pasteur
D) Semmelweis
E) Koch

Back 2

A) Nightingale

Front 3

A sexually transmitted disease is an example of transmission by _____ .
A) Direct contact.
B) Vector.
C) Fomite.
D) Droplet.
E) Vehicle.

Back 3

A) Direct contact.

Front 4

Yellow fever transmitted by a mosquito is an example of transmission by ______ .
A) Droplet.
B) Vehicle.
C) Vector.
D) Fomite.
E) Direct contact.

Back 4

C) Vector.

Front 5

A nosocomial infection is ________.
A) acquired during the course of hospitalization.
B) always caused by pathogenic bacteria.
C) always present but inapparent at the time of hospitalization.
D) always caused by medical personnel.
E) only a result of surgery.

Back 5

A) acquired during the course of hospitalization.

Front 6

6) Poliovirus is ingested and gains access to tissues by which of the following portal of entries?
A) Skin
B) Mucous membranes
C) Parenteral
D) All of these
E) None of these

Back 6

B) Mucous membranes

Front 7

Which of the following organisms would be most sensitive to natural penicillin?
A) Penicillium
B) Streptococcus pyogenes
C) Penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D)Mycoplasma
E) Common cold virus

Back 7

B) Streptococcus pyogenes

Front 8

Which of the following statements about antibiotic resistance is NOT true?
A) It may be spread horizontally from one bacterium to another.
B) It is found only in Gram-negative bacteria.
C) It may be encoferred by genes encoded on a plasmid or a transposon.
D) It may be caused by inappropriate usage of antibiotics.
E) It may be caused by bacterial enzymes that degrade antibiotics.

Back 8

B) It is found only in Gram-negative bacteria.

Front 9

9) In Table 1, the most effective antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus is ______.
A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.
E) Can't tell.

Back 9

D) D.

Front 10

In Table 1, which antibiotic would be most useful for treating an E. coli infection?
A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.
E) Can't tell.

Back 10

E) Can't tell.

Front 11

_________ is the least abundant in the serum but plays important role in allergy disorder.
A) IgG.
B) IgM.
C) IgA.
D) IgD.
E) IgE.

Back 11

E) IgE.

Front 12

The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is ____________.
A) IgG.
B) IgM.
C) IgA.
D) IgD.
E) IgE.

Back 12

A) IgG

Front 13

In Figure 1, which areas represent antigen-binding sites?
A) a and b
B) a and c
C) b and c
D) c and d
E) b and d

Back 13

A) a and b

Front 14

In Figure 1, which areas represent the vavriable domains?
A) a and b
B) a and c
C) b and c
D) c and d
E) b and d

Back 14

A) a and b

Front 15

Which of the following would be selective against the tubercle bacillus?
A) Isoniazid inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
B) Streptomycin  inhibits protein translation
C) Vancomycin  inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis
D) Streptogramin  inhibits protein synthesis
E) Bacitracin  inhibits cell wall synthesis

Back 15

A) Isoniazid inhibits mycolic acid synthesis

Front 16

Which of the following strains of Legionella pneumophila most easily causes an infection?
A) Strain A ID50=200 cfu
B) Strain B ID50=5000 cfu
C) Strain C ID50=50 cfu
D) Strain D ID50=500 cfu
E) Can't tell

Back 16

C) Strain C ID50=50 cfu

Front 17

The host immunity in response to infection of H1N1 infuenza virus is an example of _______.
A) Innate immunity.
B) Naturally acquired active immunity.
C) Naturally acquired passive immunity.
D) Artificially acquired active immunity.
E) Artificially acquired passive immunity

Back 17

B) Naturally acquired active immunity.

Front 18

Vaccination results in ______ .
A) Innate immunity
B) Naturally acquired active immunity
C) Naturally acquired passive immunity
D) Artificially acquired active immunity
E) Artificially acquired passive immunity

Back 18

D) Artificially acquired active immunity

Front 19

Which of these groups of bacteria are the source of the most antibiotics?
A) alpha-proteobacteria
B) beta-proteobacteria
C) gamma-proteobacteria
D) delta-proteobacteria
E) Actinomycetes

Back 19

E) Actinomycetes

Front 20

Which of the following is an effect of complement activation?
A) Increased blood vessel permeability
B) Increased phagocytic activity
C) Opsonization
D) Bacterial cell lysis
E) All of these

Back 20

E) All of these

Front 21

The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by
A) Antigen-antibody reactions.
B) Polysaccharides and C3b.
C) C5-C9.
D) Factors released from damaged tissues.
E) Factors released from phagocytes.

Back 21

A) Antigen-antibody reactions.

Front 22

Which of the following statements is true?
A) Interferon attacks and dissolves invading viruses.
B) Interferon interacts with antigens.
C) Interferon acts against specific viruses.
D) Interferon is a secreted protein induced by a viral infection.
E) Interferon competitively binds to viral receptors thus blocks viral entry into cells.

Back 22

D) Interferon is a secreted protein induced by a viral infection.

Front 23

Which of the following is not considered as a bacterial virulence factor?
A) A membrane disrupting enzyme
B) Cell wall components
C) Toxin
D) Bactrial factors involved in the adhesion of bacteria to host cells
E) None of these

Back 23

E) None of these

Front 24

Which of the following is not a protein?
A) Exotoxin
B) Endotoxin
C) Toxoid
D) Antitoxin
E) Antibody

Back 24

B) Endotoxin

Front 25

Which of the following substances is given to patients exposed to Tetanus toxin.
A) Endotoxin
B) Toxoid
C) Exotoxin
D) Enterotoxin
E) Antitoxin

Back 25

E) Antitoxin

Front 26

Hepatitis B virus surface antigen can be used in a(n)
A) Inactivated whole-agent vaccine.
B) Attenuated whole-agent vaccine.
C) Conjugated vaccine.
D) Subunit vaccine.
E) Toxoid vaccine.

Back 26

D) Subunit vaccine.

Front 27

Which of the following cells are the main components of cell-mediated immune responses.
A) T-cells
B) B-memory cells
C) B-cells
D) Plasma cells
E) Macrophages

Back 27

A) T-cells

Front 28

Which of the followings can be used as an antiviral therapeutic strategy?
A) inhibitor of viral attachment
B) inhibitor of viral protease
C) Inhibitor of viral genome replication enzyme
D) Inhibior of virla uncoating
E) all of these

Back 28

E) all of these

Front 29

Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine consisting of capsular polysaccharide and a protein is an
example of a(n) ___________.
A) Conjugated vaccine.
B) Subunit vaccine.
C) Nucleic acid vaccine.
D) Inactivated whole-agent vaccine.
E) Toxoid vaccine.

Back 29

A) Conjugated vaccine.

Front 30

Which of the following agency publishes Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) ?
A) WHO
B) USDA
C) FDA
D) CDC
E) None of these

Back 30

D) CDC

Front 31

The high mutation rate of HIV makes it very difficult to produce an effective vaccine for AIDS.

True or False

Back 31

True

Front 32

Genes confer to antibiotic resistance are sometimes encoded by plasmids.

True or False

Back 32

True

Front 33

Monoclonal antibodies have been used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

True or False

Back 33

True

Front 34

Aseptic techniques help to prevent noscomial infections.

True or False

Back 34

True

Front 35

The connection bewteen childhood vaccination and autism is now well accepeted by most
scientists.

True or False

Back 35

False

Front 36

All bacteria produce endotoxin but only Gram positive bacteria produce exotoxin.

True or False

Back 36

False

Front 37

The current HPV vaccines are attenuated infectious viruses.

True or False

Back 37

False

Front 38

Inhibitors of viral enzymes are used as anti-HIV therapies.

True or False

Back 38

True

Front 39

Some forms of pathogenic microorganisms reside in soil or water.

True or False

Back 39

True

Front 40

An aggressive vaccination effort by WHO led to eradication of smallpox and polio viruses on
earth.

True or False

Back 40

False