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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
ABC (ATP-Binding Cassette) transportter
A membrane transport system consisting of three proteins, one of which hydrolyzes ATP, to transport specific nutrients into the cell
Capsule
a polysaccharide or protein outermost layer, usually rather slimy, present on some bacteria
Chemotaxis
Directed movement of an organism toward (positive) or away from (negative) a chemical gradient
Cytoplasmic membrane
the permeability barrier of the cell, separating the cytoplasm from the environment
Endospore
A highly heat-resistant, thick-walled, differentiated structure produced by certain gram-positive Bacteria
Flagellum
A long, thin cellular appendage capable of rotation in prokaryotic cells and responsible for swimming motility
Gas vesicles
Gas-filled cytoplasmic structure bounded by protein and conferring buoyancy on cells
Gram-negative
A prokaryotic cell whose cell wall contains small amounts of peptidoglycan, and an outer membrane, containing lipopolysaccharide, lipoprotein, and other complex macromolecules
Gram-positive
A prokaryotic cell whose cell wall consists chiefly of petidoglycan and lacks the outer membrane of gram-negative cells
Group Translocation
an energy-dependent transport process in which the substance transported is chemically modified during the tranport process.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
lipid in combination with polysaccharide and protein, which forms the major portion of the outer membrane in a gram-negative Bacteria
Magnetosomes
particles of magnetite (Fe3O4) organized into nonunit membrane-enclosed structures in the cytoplasm of magnetotactic Bacteria
Morphology
The SHAPE of a cell: rod, cocus, spirillum, and the like
Outer Membrane
a phospholipid and polysaccharide containing unit membrane that lies external to the peptidoglycan layer in cells of gram-negative Bacteria
Peptidoglycan
A polysaccharide composed of alternating repeats of acetylglucosamine and acetlymuramic acid arranged in adjacent layers and cross-linked by short peptides
Periplasm
a gel-like region between the outer surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and the inner surfance of the lipopolysacharide layer of gram-negative Bacteria
Peritichorous
A pattern of flagellation where flagella are located in many places around the surface of the cell
Phototaxis
Movement of an organism toward light
Polar
In reference to flagellation, having flagella emanating fromone or both poles of the cell
Poly-Beta-Hydroxybutyrate (PHB)
A common storage material prokaryotic cells consisting of a polymer of B-Hydroxybutyrate or anotgher B-alkanoic acid or mixtures of B-alkanoic acids
Protoplast
An osmotically protected cell whose cell wall has been removed
Resolution
The ability to distinguish two objects as distinct and separate
S-Layer
An outermost cell surface layer composed of protein or glycoprotein present on some Bacteria or Archaea
Sterols
Hydrophobic heterocyclic ringed molecules that stregthen the cytoplasmic membrane of eukaryotic cells and a few prokaryotes.