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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State the formula for Gibbs free energy |
Change in free energy= Change in enthalpy - Change in entropy |
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What is enthalpy? |
Amount of heat used or lost in a system at constant pressure |
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What is entropy? |
Measure of disorder
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What is redox potential? |
Measure of how strongly a chemical wants electrons |
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Metabolism is the sum of... |
Catabolism & anabolism |
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What is catabolism? |
The breakdown of molecules into smaller units to release energy |
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What is anabolism? |
The construction of molecules from smaller units using energy |
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What are carbon sources? |
C-source |
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Heterotrophs need for energy.. |
ready made organic molecules for cell compounds |
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Inorganic Co2 are... |
c-source |
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Autotrophs make their own organic molecules by |
reducing Co2 |
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What is heterotrophy?
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Reduced organic compounds as carbon source |
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What is autotrophy |
CO2 as a carbon source |
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When the energy source is chemicals |
Chemotrophy |
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When light is the energy source |
Phototrophy |
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The most common pathway used by autotrophic bacteria |
Fix (reduce) carbon e.g. cyanobacteria |
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When the organic is the chemical energy source |
organotrophy |
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When inorganic is the chemical energy source |
lithotrophy |
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What is the e- donor for chemoorganotrophic bacterium? |
Glucose |
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What is the e- acceptor for chemoorganotrophic bacterium? |
oxygen |
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How does respiration gain energy? |
Harvesting energy from tranfer electron |
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What are some benefits of chemoorganotrophy? |
Cleaning up fuel spills Regulating global temperature Treating muncipal and industrial wastewater Biomining, bioremediation and biogas production |
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How do phototrophs harvest energy? |
Use light-trapping molecules to harvest energy directly from light photons. Energy used to reduce Co2 or generate ATP |
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In oxygenic photosynthesis, what is teh electron donor? |
water resulting in the release of oxygen |
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What is the significance of bacterial pigments? |
Can harvest high light intensities |
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In anoxygenic photosynthesis, what is the electron source? |
H2S or sulfur resulting in more oxidised sulfur components |
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Does anoxygenic photosynthesis generate oxygen? |
no |
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Can anoxygenic photosynthesis function in low light levels? |
They are adapted to low light levels |
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What are the two photosystems in oxygenic photosynthesis based on? |
Chlorophyll |
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What is the one photosystem in anoxygenic photosynthesis? |
bacteriochlorophyll |
