Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the "blood flukes" belong to what class of bugs
|
schistosomiases
**disease bc of egg in tissue, NOT the worm **have male and female worms |
|
schistosomiases, what causes the disease
|
the EGGS that are stuck in the tissue, not the worms themselves
**they have distinct male and female |
|
where do we see lots of schistosomiasis
|
S america- liver, GI
africa: Liver, GI, urinary Asia: liver, GI **distribution reflects the snail vector distribution |
|
which schostosomiasis infects humans
|
s haematobium
s mansoni s japonicum infectios other mammals as reservoir |
|
how is schistosomiasis spread
|
water transmission
snail vector irrigation projects allow expansion of vector |
|
what does s haematobium and s mansoni cause
|
schistosomiasis
**Human parasites. S japonicum is NOT human |
|
what is the life cycle of schistosomiasus
|
1. penetration of skin by cerecriae
2. schistosomiatis migrate to liver and turn into worms (recall its the egg that causes the damage) 3. worms migrate to mesenteric vessels and bladder 4. worms mature and mate 5. eggs pass through organ wall and are passed in urine/poo 6. eggs harth, larva penetrate snail 7. cercarinea are released from snail to reinfect ppl |
|
what are hte phases of schistosomiasis
|
1. Migratory: allergic skin reactions related to cercarial entry
2. Acute: worm migration and egg release 3. Chronic: host response to egg in tissues. fibrosis of tissue |
|
where do the worms migrate for ...
1. s mansoni 2. s japoncium 3. s haematobrium |
1. s mansoni: mesenteric BV
2. s japoncium: mesenteric BV 3. s haematobrium: bladder venules |
|
tell me about the migratory phase of schistosomiasis infection
|
happens in reponse to cereia entering the skin
generalized manifestations related to tisse migration/worm maturation peripheral venous circulation, heart/liver/lungs --> hepatic portal circulation --> mesenteric venules or urinary (s haematobrium) |
|
in the acute phase of schostosomiasis infection where does the cercarial travel
|
1. peripheral venous circulation
2. heart, liver, lungs 3. hepatic portal circulation 4. mesenteric venules (mansoni, japoncium) urinary venules (haematobrium) |
|
what is katayma syndrome
|
associated with schistosomiasis
onset related to schostosomulas and egg deposition, nocturnal fever, cough, myalgia, HA, abd tenderness. |
|
what are the clinical manifestations of schostosomiasis infection called. its related to the migrating schistosomules and egg deposition- fever at night, HA, cough, abd tenderness
|
katayama syndrome
|
|
tell me about the acute phase of schistosomiasis
|
1. egg production and lots of AG release (can do 1 of 1 things. 1 eggs carried by hepatic portal circulation to enter liver and itssues or the series of the following)
2. immune complex recruit PMN, eosionophiles, macros 3. pseudotubercle formation (fibrous granuloma w/lymph, fibroblasts, giant cells) |
|
what phase of schostosomiasis is being described
|
1. some eggs enter hepatoc portal circulation and get stick in liver, lung
2. most eggs recruit PMN, lymphs, fibroblasts etc. recall in schisto its the eggs that cause the problems |
|
whats the chonic phase of schisto like
|
fibrosis bc of eggs in tissues
mansoni- enteric so bloody diarrhea haematobium- bladder cancer can get irreversible organ failure chronic bacteremia w/samonella is common |
|
what 2 bacterial infection is common in the chronic phase of schisto infection
|
salmonella
|
|
do adults stim an immune response
|
nope
**grnaulation of schisto is elicited by EGGS The granuloma formation elicited by the eggs in the different viscera is the cause of all the clinical and pathologic manifestations of schistosomiasis |
|
what role does this play in schisto infection
IL7 TNF |
IL7- promote worm growth
TNF- stim egg production |
|
how does a schistosome egg granuloma form
|
type IIII HS rxn (CD4 T cell dependent)
faster if site was previsouly sensitized initial microabcess allows egg mvmt into lumen of viscera IL7- stim adult worm growth TNF stim egg production |
|
would mansoni schisto or haematobium cause hepatosplenomegaly
|
mansoni infects GI and liver, the other is bladder
Mansoni schistosomiasis: emaciation, ascites and engorgement of collateral circulation --> death |
|
s japonicum has various mammalian reservoir hosts, does this mean that it does not infect human?
|
nope, it infects humans still
liver and GI |
|
is the following associated with S mansomi, japonicum, haematobium
generalized granuloma hepatic fibrosis and portal HTN bladder cancer |
granuloma: japonicum
portal fibrosis: mansoni bladder cancer: haematobium **all are associated with salmonella **all are caused bt the EGG |
|
in what schosti infection is hematuria seen
|
haematobium, infects bladder, see increased bladder cancer too
|
|
how is schisto dx
|
1. geography, clinical
2. eggs in poo/pee **as you progress into chronic infection there is egg entrapment and fewer eggs get to the pee and poo. we need to concentrate the sample, do a biopsy or US |
|
schisto tx
|
praziquantel
persuade masses of uneducated poor ppl to change the way they shower control snail populaiton |
|
whats cercarial dermatitis
|
swimmers itch
**disease can be due to cercariae spp or animal schostosomes. usually bird orgin |
|
what is cercarial dermatitis associated with
|
swimmers itch, freshwater, brackish water, salt water. increased risk if you swim near vegetation
all species, |
|
what does swimmers itch need to infect
|
infected water bird as well as suitable snail intermediate adn a host like us
|
|
whats the life cycle of hte bird schisto that causes swimmer itch
|
1. intermediate host, snail
2. larva, cercariae 3. human or the definitive host- water bird 4. from water bird --> eggs, --> larva --> snail |
|
if you have cercariae stuck in the epidermic --> allergic reaction what schisto is doing on
|
swimmers itch
((intence itching, erythema, maculopapular rash --> vesicles **systemic infection is RARE, but common to get pustule bc of secondary infection |
|
how is swimmers itch dx
|
clinical: bite looking things mistaken for chiggers or mosquitos
legs are common site of lesion Epidemiology |
|
how can you prevent swimmers itch
|
dry off asap, dont swim near vegetation
dont encourage water fowel, keep shore clear of rosks/stones, use snail killer when possible |