Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Look at the attached figure. Which of these growth curves best describes the growth of Thiobacillus, an acidophile, at pH 9.0? A. a B. b C. c |
C. c |
|
|
Protein synthesis during lag phase is not occurring because cells are not actively dividing.
A. True B. False |
B. False |
|
|
Acidophiles would be expected to grow best at a pH of ____.
A. 3 B. 7 C. 10 |
A. 3 |
|
|
Which of the following is an advantage of the standard plate count?
A. Can readily count cells that form aggregates. B. Determines the number of live cells within a population. C. Can be performed on very dilute samples, such as lake water D. Provides immediate results E. Can be used to count heat-sensitive bacteria |
B. Determines the number of live cells within a population. |
|
|
Which of the following organisms most likely does not have catalase?
A. An aerotolerant anaerobe. B. An obligate anaerobe. C. A facultative anaerobe. D. An obligate aerobe |
B. An obligate anaerobe. |
|
|
Aerobic bacteria that have developed (or retain) the ability to continue growing in the absence of oxygen are called _____.
A. obligate anaerobes B. obligate aerobes C. facultative anaerobes D. aerotolerant anaerobes |
C. facultative anaerobes |
|
|
Thirty-six colonies grew on nutrient agar from 1.0 ml of undiluted sample in a standard plate count. How many cells were in the originalsample?
A. 4 B. 9 C. 18 D. 36 E. 72 |
D. 36 |
|
|
Bacterial growth is defined as _____. A. increase in bacterial cell population B. increase in cell length C. increase in cellular proteins D. increase in cell metabolic processes |
A. increase in bacterial cell population |
|
View the attached bacterial growth curve. In the figure, which section (or sections) shows a growth phase where the number of cellsdying equals the number of cells dividing?
A. a B. b C. c D. d E. a and c |
C. c |
|
View the attached figure. Which tube shows the expected growth pattern for a facultative anaerobe?
A. a B. b C. c D. d E. e |
B. b |
|
View the attached figure. Which tube shows the expected growth pattern for a microaerophile?
A. a B. b C. c D. d E. e |
E. e |
|
|
Which of these microbes is most problematic to human health?
A. Psychrophiles B. Psychrotrophs C. Mesophiles D. Thermophiles E. Hyperthermophiles |
C. Mesophiles |
|
|
Most bacteria reproduce by ______. A. sexual reproduction B. binary fission C. budding D. mitosis |
B. binary fission |
|
|
Why might cells begin to die at a faster rate than new cells are made?
A. Original cells get too old. B. Increase in cellular waste products. C. Lack of nutrients and an increase in cellular waste products. D. Cells can only divide a certain number of times before they die. E. Lack of nutrients. |
C. Lack of nutrients and an increase in cellular waste products. |
|
Look at the attached figure. Which of these growth curves best describes the growth of Clostridium botulinum (an obligate anaerobe) in the presence of oxygen?
A. a B. b C. c |
C. c |
|
|
Coffee has a pH of approximately 5. What type of microbe can grow in your coffee?
A. acidophile B. alkalinophile C. halophile D. extreme halophile |
A. acidophile |
|
|
Luria Broth (LB) is a medium containing Tryptone, yeast extract, and sodium chloride.
A. LB is a chemically defined medium. B. LB is a complex medium. C. There is not enough information presented. D. Depends if agar is present or not. |
B. LB is a complex medium. |
|
View the attached bacterial growth curve. In the figure, which sections of the graph illustrate a logarithmic increase in cell numbers?
A. a B. b C. c D. d E. a and c |
B. b |
|
|
In which phase is the rate of cell death equal to the rate of cell growth?
A. Log phase B. Death phase C. Log and death phase D. Stationary phase E. Log and stationary phase |
D. Stationary phase |
|
|
The term aerotolerant anaerobe refers to an organism that ______. A. does not use oxygen but tolerates it B. is killed by oxygen C. uses oxygen or grows without oxygen D. requires less oxygen than is present in air E. requires more oxygen than is present in air |
A. does not use oxygen but tolerates it |
|
|
Assume you inoculated 100 cells into 100 ml of nutrient broth. You then inoculated 100 cells of thesame species into 200 ml of nutrient broth. After incubation for 24 hours, you should have _____. A. more cells in the 100 ml B. more cells in the 200 ml C. the same number of cells in both D. The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided |
C. the same number of cells in both |
|
|
Which pH is considered alkaline? A. 4 B. 2 C. 7 D. 10 |
D. 10 |
|
|
Patients with indwelling catheters are susceptible to infections because ____.
A. injected solutions are contaminated B. their immune systems are weakened C. infections can be transmitted from other people D. biofilms develop on catheters E. bacteria cause infections |
D. biofilms develop on catheters |
|
|
The term facultative anaerobe refers to an organism that ____.
A. is killed by oxygen B. uses oxygen or grows without oxygen C. requires oxgen to grow D. doesn't use oxygen but tolerates it |
B. uses oxygen or grows without oxygen |
|
|
Which method of quantifying bacterial numbers would be most effective for measuring thenumbers of bacteria in drinking water, when you expect the numbers to be relatively low?
A. Filtration B. Plate count C. Direct microscopic count D. Turbidity |
A. Filtration |
|
|
Why might cells begin to die at a faster rate than new cells are made?A. Original cells get too old.
B. Increase in cellular waste products. C. Lack of nutrients and an increase in cellular waste products. D. Cells can only divide a certain number of times before they die. E. Lack of nutrients. |
C. Lack of nutrients and an increase in cellular waste products. |
|
Look at the attached figure. Which of these growth curves best describes the growth of apsychrophile at room temperature (25 C)?
A. a B. b C. c |
C. c |
|
|
Most human pathogens are _________. A. psychrophiles B. mesophiles C. thermophiles D. psychrotrophs |
B. mesophiles |
|
|
What is the difference between peroxidase and catalase?
A. Peroxidase detoxifies hydrogen peroxide, catalase detoxifies hydroxyl radicals. B. Catalase produces oxygen, peroxidase does not. C. Aerotolerant anaerobes use catalase, facultative anaerobes use peroxidase D. Obligate aerobes use both peroxidase and catalase |
B. Catalase produces oxygen, peroxidase does not. |
|
|
Which of the following is the best definition of generation time?
A. The length of time needed for lag phase B. The length of time needed for a cell to divide C. The minimum rate of doubling D. The duration of log phase E. The time needed for nuclear division |
B. The length of time needed for a cell to divide |
|
|
Salts and sugars work to preserve foods by creating a ____.
A. lower osmotic pressure B. hypotonic environment C. lower pH D. hypertonic environment |
D. hypertonic environment |
|
|
Which of these organisms would not be able to grow in water that has oxygen pumped into it(aerated)?
A. Obligate aerobe B. Facultative aerobe C. Obligate anaerobe D. Aerotolerant anaerobe |
C. Obligate anaerobe |
|
|
You want to quantify a culture of motile bacteria. Which method of quantifying would you use ifyou needed the most accurate information as soon as possible?
A. Plate count B. MPN C. Turbidity D. Microscopic count E. Dry weight |
C. Turbidity |
|
|
Penicillin functions by inhibiting the formation of new cell walls. At what stage of bacterial growthis penicillin most effective? Hint - when do you think cells are making new cell walls?
A. Lag B. Log C. Stationary D. Phase |
B. Log |
|
View the attached figure. Which tube shows the expected growth pattern for an obligate aerobe?
A. a B. b C. c D. d E. e |
A. a |
|
|
Lactic acid bacteria, the bacteria involved in making kimchee and yogurt, are strict fermenters. Whatcan you say about their requirements for oxygen?
A. Obligateaerobe B. ObligateAnaerobe C. Facultative anaerobe D. Aerotolerant anaerobes E. Microaerophiles |
D. Aerotolerant anaerobes |
|
Look at the attached figure. Which of these growth curves best describes the growth of a facultativeanaerobe in the
absence of oxygen? A. a B. b C. c |
B. b |
|
|
At which stage of bacterial growth does cell division not occur?
A. Lag B. Log C. Stationary D. Death |
A. Lag |
|
|
While ____ is able to detoxify a reactive oxygen species, it also produces one, hydrogen
peroxide. A. Superoxide dismutase B. Catalase C. Peroxidase D. Oxygenase |
A. Superoxide dismutase |
|
|
For a thermophile, the minimum growth temperature would be ____C.
A. 0 B. 10 C. 37 D. 45 |
D. 45 |
|
|
What toxic oxygen form of oxygen does the enzyme catalase detoxify?
A. Superoxide free radical B. Singlet oxygen C. Peroxide anion D. Hydroxyl radical |
C. Peroxide anion |
|
|
A bacterial culture increases from 2 million to 8 million cells in 2 hours. The generation time at this timeis ___.
A. 12hours B. 1hour C. 2 hours D. 10 hours |
B. 1hour |
|
|
The large intestine is an environment that lacks any oxygen. Which of the following types of organismswould most likely be found there?
A. Obligate aerobe B. Obligate anaerobe C. Microaerophile D. Aerotolerant anaerobe |
B. Obligate anaerobe |
|
|
All of the following are true about agar except ______.
A. it is a source of nutrients in culture media B. it is a polysaccharide C. it solidifies below 40?C D. it is used to harden liquids |
A. it is a source of nutrients in culture media |
|
Look at the attached figure. Which of these growth curves best describes the growth of afacultative anaerobe in the presence of oxygen?
A. a B. b C. c |
A. a |
|
|
Which of the following is an advantage of the direct microscopic count?
A. Can readily count organisms that are motile. B. Can easily distinguish live from dead cells. C. Requires no incubation time. D. Sample volume is unknown. E. Requires a large number of cells. |
C. Requires no incubation time. |
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a direct method to measure microbial growth?
A. Direct microscopic count B. Standard plate count C. Filtration D. Metabolic activity E. Most probable number (MPN) |
D. Metabolic activity |
|
|
Which of these microbes would not contain superoxide dismutase? A. Obligate aerobe B. Facultative aerobe C. Obligate anaerobe D. Aerotolerant anaerobe |
C. Obligate anaerobe |
|
|
Which of these does not contain nitrogen?
A. Carbohydrates B. Proteins C. DNA D. RNA |
A. Carbohydrates |
|
|
Aerobic bacteria that have developed (or retain) the ability to continue growing in the absence of oxygen are called _____.
A. obligate anaerobes B. obligate aerobes C. facultative anaerobes D. aerotolerant anaerobes |
C. facultative anaerobes |
|
|
Cells that live in high salt environments are called ________.
A. plasmophiles B. saltophiles C. tonophiles D. halophiles |
D. halophiles |
|
View the attached figure. Which of these growth media is a complex medium?
A. a B. b C. c |
C. c |
|
|
At which stage of bacterial growth is cell division the most rapid?
A. Lag B. Log C. Stationary D. Death |
B. Log |
|
|
During which phases of the bacterial growth curve are there no changes in the number of living cells?
A. Stationary and death phase B. Lag phase and log phase C. Log phase and stationary phase D. Lag phase and stationary phase E. Lag phase |
D. Lag phase and stationary phase |
|
|
Which nutritional requirement is iron (Fe2+) considered to be a part of? A. The major nutritional elements B. Trace elements C. Organic growth factors D. Vitamins E. A physical requirement |
B. Trace elements |
|
|
Which of these quantification methods would be most accurate when quantifying a filamentous mold culture? A.Plate count B.Filtration C.Turbidity D.Dry weight E.MPN |
D. Dry weight |
|
|
Which of the following is an example of a metabolic activity that could be used to measure microbial growth?
A.Standard plate count B.Glucose consumption C.Direct microscopic count D.Turbidity E.MPN |
B. Glucose consumption |
