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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what features differentiate fungi from other microorganisms?
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they have acytoplasmic membrane which contains sterols
the cell wall lacks the muramic and techoic acids of beacterial walls INSTEAD it contains hexose, hexosamine polymersm, and chitin they require EXOGENOUS organic energy, DO NOT contain clorophyll |
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How are fungi classified?
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classification is based on their sexual spores
most pathogenic fungi lack a known sexual spore stage |
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describe the reproductive elements of DERMATOPHYTES
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hyphae: septate
Sexual spore: none Asexual spore: spores - conidia common pathogens |
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Describe the reproductive elements of ZYGOMYCETES
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hyphae: Aseptate
Sexual spore: zygospores Asexual spore: sporangiospores rare pathogens |
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Describe the reproductive elements of ASCOMYCETES
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hyphae: SEPTATE
Sexual spore: ASCOspores Asexual spore: Spores - conidia Rare pathogens |
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Describe the reproductive elements of BASIDOMYCETES
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hyphae: SEPTATE
Sexual: Basidiospores Asexual: spores-Conidia rare pathogens; mushrooms |
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what is a special charactersitic of the yeast associated with tinea versicolor?
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malassezia furfur (fat loving yeast)
it can only be grown in a medium containing oil or a fatty acid |
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what are problems associated with the development of antifungal drugs?
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fungi are eukaryotic organisms and anti fungals do not have selective toxicity
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what are the 3 classes of dermatophytes?
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MICROSPORUM: attack hair and skin, hair flouresces under black light; produce macroconidia (thick walled on agar)
TRICHOPHYTON: attack hair skin and nails; produce microconidia (thin walled on agar EPIDERMOPHYTON: attacks skin and nails; produce thin walled macroconidia in banana bunches on agar |
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How do you treat dermatophyte infections?
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Iodine, salycilic acid, benzoic acid, Whitfeilds ointment
Fatty acids Tolnafotate = tinactin Clotrimazole = lotrimin |
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what disease is caused by Sporothrix schneckii and how is it treated?
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"Drunken Rose gardeners disease"
potassium iodide and oral antifungals amphotericin |
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In Chromoblastomycosis, the Dx is made by seeing what structures in tissue?
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Cauliflower legion on skin
clusters of brown, thick walled cells (sclerotic cells) which are often aseptate, found within giant cells or extracellulary among groups of polymorphonuclear leucocytes HISTOLOGICAL: granulomatous nodules containing giant cells and surrounded by a zone of inflammatory cells |
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Does Chromoblastomycosis result in bone damage?
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NO there is no bone involvement
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what is seen in the tissues in mycetoma? Why is this disease so devastating?
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"Madura foot"
pigmented/ or non pigmented fungal black grains has to be treated with surgery/amputation |
