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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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specimen collection
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site decontamination
sufficient amount of material gathered prompt delivery to lab |
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Microscopic Examination
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most rapid and economic technique
good for detection and ID not as sensitive as in vitro culture |
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In Vitro Cultivation
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isolation of fungal agent in culture is most selective method
use of selective and non-selective media typically aerobically cultivated at 25-30 degree Celcius for 2 weeks |
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Phenotypic and Genotypic ID
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essential for therapeutic and prognosis purposes
differentiate molds/yeasts first melanin production serum Ab or Ag titres Molds ID solely on basis of micro observation Yeasts require additional physical/chem testing |
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What were only 2 Chemotherapy approaches to mycological infx's until recently?
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Amphotericin B and 5-Fluorocystosine
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Systemic Chemotherapuetic Agents:
Polyenes |
bind to Ergosterol (cell membrane sterole), compromising membrane permeability by binding to ion channels
produce toxic free radicals upon oxidation Amphotericin B and Nystatin (topical) |
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Systemic Chemotherapuetic Agents:
Azoles |
inhibit cytochrome P-450-dependent Lanosterol 14-a-demthylase
Ketoconazole Fluconazole Itraconazole Voriconazole |
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Systemic Chemotherapuetic Agents:
Echinocandins |
lipopeptides that inhibit synthesis of cell-wall B(1,3) glucans
Caspofungin |
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Systemic Chemotherapuetic Agents:
Antimetabolites |
Fluorocystosine-metabolite that interferes w/ RNA biosynthesis by competing w/ uracil
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Systemic Chemotherapuetic Agents:
Allylamines |
inhibit squalene epoxidase and ultimately, ergosterol biosynthesis
Terbinafine Naftifine |
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Systemic Chemotherapuetic Agents:
Griseofulvin |
inhibits mitosis by interfering w/ microtubule function
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Topical Agents
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systemic agents put into lotions, ointments, powders
used for cutaneous, oral, and vaginal mycoses |
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Fungal Resistance
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same as bacteria
except fungi are unable to modify or destroy anti-fungal agents |
