Micro Ch 5

Front 1

A strictly fermentative bacterium produces energy ____.
A. by glycolysis only
B. by aerobic respiration only
C. by fermentation or aerobic respiration
D. only in the presence of oxygen

Back 1

A. by glycolysis only

Front 2

According to the chemiosmotic mechanism, ATP is generated when ____.
A. A high-energy phosphate group is transferred from an intermediate metabolite to ADP.
B. Electrons are transferred between carrier molecules.
C. Protons are moved across a membrane.
D. Chlorophyll liberates an electron.

Back 2

C. Protons are moved across a membrane.

Front 3

Aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which of the following respects?
A. Anaerobic respiration is glycolysis.
B. The final electron acceptors are different.
C. Aerobic respiration requires the electron transport chain.
D. Aerobic respiration produces more ATP.

Back 3

B. The final electron acceptors are different.

Front 4

ATP is generated by _______ during the Krebs cycle.
A. substrate-level phosphorylation
B. oxidative phosphorylation
C. photophosphorylation

Back 4

A. substrate-level phosphorylation

Front 5

Catabolism involves the breaking of ______ bonds for energy.

Back 5

C. covalent

Front 6

Heterotroph that gets nutrients from dead organic matter.
A. Phototroph
B. Parasites
C. Mutualist
D. Saprophyte

Back 6

D. Saprophyte

Front 7

How does a photoautotroph generate ATP?
A. substrate-level phosphorylation
B. oxidative phosphorylation
C. photophosphorylation

Back 7

C. photophosphorylation

Front 8

How does a small increase in temperature affect an enzyme?
A. The enzyme becomes denatured.
B. The enzymatic reaction slows down.
C. The enzymatic reaction speeds up.
D. Nothing changes

Back 8

C. The enzymatic reaction speeds up.

Front 9

How times can an enzyme carry out a chemical reaction?
A. Once
B. Twice
C. 10 times
D. Many times

Back 9

D. Many times

Front 10

If an enzyme consists of a cofactor, you know that _____.
A. it can catalyze many kinds of reactions
B. it consists of an apoprotein
C. it is composed of nucleic acids
D. it must be a coenzyme

Back 10

B. it consists of an apoprotein

Front 11

In cyclic photophosphorylation, O2 is produced from ____.
A. CO2
B. glucose, C6H12O6
C. water, H2O
D. Chlorophyll

Back 11

D. Chlorophyll

Front 12

Many biochemical tests often look for____.
A. the appearance of an end-product
B. the death of a microbe
C. the morphology of a microbe
D. intermediates of a metabolic pathway

Back 12

A. the appearance of an end-product

Front 13

The advantage of the pentose phosphate pathway is that it produces all of the following except ____.
A. precursors for nucleic acids
B. three ATPs
C. NADPH
D. precursors for the synthesis of amino acids

Back 13

B. three ATPs

Front 14

The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that facilitated diffusion ____.
A. can move materials from a higher to a lower concentration
B. can move materials from a lower to a higher concentration
C. requires transporter proteins
D. doesn't require ATP

Back 14

C. requires transporter proteins

Front 15

The Krebs cycle doesn’t produce much ATP, but generates lots of energy. In what form is this energy released?
A. NADH
B. ATP
C. Glucose
D. Protons

Back 15

A. NADH

Front 16

Uses glucose for both carbon and energy.
A. Chemoautotroph
B. Chemoheterotroph
C. Photoautotroph

Back 16

B. Chemoheterotroph

Front 17

What type of enzymatic inhibitor is structurally similar to the substrate?
A. Competitve
B. Allosteric
C. Noncompetitive
D. Substrate-like

Back 17

A. Competitve

Front 18

What will happen if a bacterial cell is placed in 10% NaCl (hypertonic)?
A. The cell will undergo plasmolysis.
B. The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
C. Active transport will be activated.
D. NaCl will rush into the cell.

Back 18

A. The cell will undergo plasmolysis.

Front 19

Which of these is an anabolic reaction?
A. Breakdown of a fat molecule for energy.
B. Dissolving of salt in water.
C. Making a protein.
D. Division of a bacterial cell

Back 19

C. Making a protein.

Front 20

Which of these reactions best describes what happens to glucose during glycolysis?
A. Reduction
B. Oxidation
C. Dehydration synthesis
D. Active transport

Back 20

B. Oxidation

Front 21

2 molecules of ATP is generated by _______ during glycolysis.
A. substrate-level phosphorylation
B. oxidative phosphorylation
C. photophosphorylation

Back 21

A. substrate-level phosphorylation

Front 22

Butyric acid fermentation _____.
A. metabolizes butyric acid
B. produces butyric acid
C. occurs independently of glycolysis
D. requires oxygen

Back 22

B. produces butyric acid

Front 23

How does a large increase in temperature affect an enzyme?
A. The enzyme becomes denatured.
B. The enzymatic reaction slows down.
C. The enzymatic reaction speeds up.
D. Nothing changes.

Back 23

C. The enzymatic reaction speeds up.

Front 24

How is passive diffusion of ions vs passive diffusion of and glucose similar?
A. Both can "squueze" past the phospholipids to cross the membrane.
B. Both require ATP to power transport.
C. Both require channels to cross the membrane.
D. They cross the membrane in different ways

Back 24

C. Both require channels to cross the membrane.

Front 25

In noncyclic photophosphorylation, O2 is produced from ____.
A. CO2
B. glucose, C6H12O6
C. water, H2O
D. Chlorophyll

Back 25

C. water, H2O

Front 26

Increasing the concentration of substrate can overcome the effects of a competitive
A. true
B. false

Back 26

A. true

Front 27

Many lipids are synthesized using ____ from other metabolic pathways.
A. substrates
B. reactants
C. intermediates
D. end-products

Back 27

C. intermediates

Front 28

Neither catabolism nor anabolism is 100% efficient. In what form is some of the energy lost?
A. ATP
B. Heat
C. NADH
D. Enzymes

Back 28

B. Heat

Front 29

pH is a measure of _____.
A. hydrogen ions in solution
B. temperature in a gas
C. salt concentration in a solution
D. protein concentration in a solution

Back 29

A. hydrogen ions in solution

Front 30

Uses CO2 for carbon and H2 for energy.
A. Chemoautotroph
B. Chemoheterotroph
C. Photoautotroph
D. Photoheterotroph

Back 30

A. Chemoautotroph

Front 31

What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?
A. It is reduced to lactic acid.
B. It is catabolized in glycolysis.
C. It is oxidized in the electron transport chain.
D. It is oxidized in the Krebs cycle

Back 31

D. It is oxidized in the Krebs cycle

Front 32

What is the function of the ETC?
A. Generate ATP.
B. Make NADH.
C. Make organic sugar.
D. Create a chemiosmotic gradient.

Back 32

D. Create a chemiosmotic gradient.

Front 33

What is the general function of NADH?
A. To generate ATP.
B. To transport protons across the membrane.
C. To transport electrons from the electron transport chain (ETC).
D. To phosphorylate glucose.

Back 33

A. To generate ATP.

Front 34

Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?
A. The production of ethyl alcohol from glucose.
B. The oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors.
C. The reduction of glucose to pyruvic acid.
D. The complete catabolism of glucose to CO2 and H2O

Back 34

B. The oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors.

Front 35

Which of the following statements is true about enzymes?
A. Increasing temperature can change the substrates that can bind to the active site.
B. Decreasing temperature will speed up enzymatic reactions.
C. Apoproteins are nonfunctional.
D. A coenzyme is made of amino acids

Back 35

C. Apoproteins are nonfunctional.

Front 36

Which of these is a catabolic reaction?
A. Breakdown of a fat molecule for energy.
B. Dissolving of salt in water.
C. Making a protein.
D. Division of a bacterial cell.

Back 36

A. Breakdown of a fat molecule for energy.

Front 37

Which of these terms refers to an energy source?
A. Chemotroph
B. Autotroph
C. Organotroph
D. Lithotroph

Back 37

A. Chemotroph

Front 38

Which statement is correct about the following reaction? FAD + H+ --> FADH2
A. FAD is being reduced.
B. FADH2 is being reduced.
C. This is a catabolic reaction.
D. THis is not a redox reaction

Back 38

A. FAD is being reduced.