Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
fungi reproduce ________ and _________ |
sexually and asexually |
|
assexual reproduction involves |
spores identical to parent |
|
sexual reproduction involves |
spores not identical to parent |
|
all fungi are _____ and ______ |
eukaryotic; spore-bearing |
|
organisms that feed on dead organic matter |
saprobes |
|
unicellular fungi |
yeast
|
|
multicellular fungi with hyphae |
molds |
|
long, branched filaments that may have multiple nuclei |
hyphae |
|
thick mass of hyphae |
mycelium |
|
individual cells in the mold are separated by cross walls. rooms between each wall |
septate fungi (Penicillium chrysogenum) |
|
there are no cross walls. no rooms between walls |
nonseptate fungi (Rhizopusstolonifer) |
|
many nuclei in a common cytoplasm |
coenocytic |
|
causative agent of valley fever. they end up in dirt and dust from reproducing asexually |
arthrospores |
|
group of aquatic fungi with flagellated spores. parasitic. the genus and nickname |
Chytridiomycota; chytrids |
|
athlete's foot |
Tinea pedis |
|
ringworm of the head |
Tinea capitis |
|
ringworm of the body |
Tinea corporis |
|
jock itch |
Tinea cruris |
|
Ringworm of the nails |
Tinea unguium |
|
an essential sterol in fungal cytoplasmic membranes |
ergosterol |
|
blocks microtubule assembly, interferes with mitosis, and inhibits fungal reproduction. selectively binds to keratin (genus and species modifier) |
griseofulvin; Penicillium griseofulvum |
|
sexual reproduction in fungi (4 steps) |
1)two haploid cells (mat a and mat alpha) join together 2) diploid cell is made 3) diploid cell splits into a 4 haploid spore mass 4) the 4 cell haploid mass splits into 4 individual spores |
|
division of fungi that have mycorrhizae. mutualistic |
Glomeromycota |
|
fungi on roots of tree that are mutualistic |
mycorrhizae |
|
bread mold (relatives of this genus make sake, cortisone) |
Rhizopus stolonifer |
|
division of fungi that have coenocytic hyphae with septa only where reproductive cells are formed. asexual |
zygomycota |
|
what asexual sporangiospores form into |
sporangium |
|
this division of fungi includes sac fungi, have separate hyphae in mycelium, and examples of this are cup fungi and truffles |
ascomycota |
|
asexul reproduction in ascomycota leads to formation of _____ |
conidiospores |
|
characteristic reproductive structure is a sac-like ascus |
sac fungi |
|
reproductive structure on which sexual spores are produced after hyphal fusion (gills) |
basidium |
|
this division of fungi includes Agaricus campestris and Amanita phalloide |
basidiomycota |
|
common mushroom that you buy at the grocery store |
Agaricus campestris |
|
called the destroying angle because they look like the common mushroom but are toxic |
Amanita phalloides |
|
this toxin in Amanitaphalloides destroys your GI tract |
alpha-amantin |
|
this toxin inAmanitaphalloides destroys your liver |
phalloidin |
|
reproduction in basidiomycota |
1) basidiospore is released and germinate to produce mycelia. 2) hyphal fusion (mushrooms have opposite matching types) 3) production of basidiocarp (mushroom) |
|
fungal disease |
mycoses |
|
five groups of mycoses |
1) systemic 2) subcutaneous 3) cutaneous 4) superficial 5) opportunistic |
|
fungal infection caused by spores implanted in puncture wounds |
subcutaneous mycosis |
|
fungal infections of hair, nails, and skin use this enzyme to break down keratin |
cutaneous mycosis keratinase |
|
fungal infections on hair shafts or skin surface |
superficial mycosis |
|
superficial fungi that infects hair shafts |
Piedra hortae |
|
fungi that affects host after immune system has been compromised |
opportunistic mycosis |
|
fungi that causes oral thrush |
Candida albicans |
|
causative agent of valley fever |
Coccidioides immitis |
|
_______ pop and release endospores in human lungs, cause inflammation and lung damage |
spherules |
|
what people get valley fever a lot |
people who ride trains, archeologist, military field training |
|
diagnostic tool that screens contact with Coccidioides |
Coccidioidin skin test |
|
what type of fungal disease is coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) |
systemic mycosis |
|
general name for fungal disease of the hair, skin, and nails |
dermatophytoses |
|
causative agent of dermatophytoses |
Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton |
|
pathogenicity of dermatophytoses |
dermatophytes keratinase |
|
invade keratinized structures |
dermatophytes |
|
symptoms of dermatophytoses |
-itchy lesions which exude fluid when scratched leading behind a scaly ring -hair loss, change of hair color |
|
treatment of dermatophytoses |
drying agents Undecyclenic acid (Desenex) |
|
-natural antifungal that comes from Streptomyces nodosus -treats systemic fungal diseases -toxic to kidneys -make membranes excessively permeable |
amphotericin |
|
-synthetic antifungal that inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol -possible carcinogenic |
azole |
|
azole in throat lozenges and creams |
clotrimazole |
|
azole in creams |
miconazole |
|
azole taken in pill form. Systemic |
ketoconazole |
|
azole taken in pill form. systemic and treats nail fungus |
fluconazole |