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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Oral cavity- Form & Function
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Nutrition
-Prehension -Mastication Communication Respiration |
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Oral Cavity
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Lips
Tongue Gingiva Palate Teeth |
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Oral cavity General Tissue Composition
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-Mucosa:Epithelium + Lamina propria
-Epitherium=Stratified squamous epithelium (may be keratinized) -Skeletal muscle -adipose tissue -salivary glands -sensory & motor nerve fibers |
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Oral Mucosa
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-Areas commonly keratinized:
Dental pad Tongue- dorsal surface Hard palate Cheek |
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Lip-composition
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Oral mucosal surface:
-Epithelium=Stratified squamous epithelium (may be keratinized) -Lamina propria=Fibrous connective tissue Skeletal muscle- Orbicularis oris Adipose tissue External surface= Haired skin -Sinus hairs -Large sebaceous glands |
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Lip (pic)
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going from left to right:
haired surface mucocutaneous junction mucosal surface & labial glands |
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lip pic
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Tongue- Composition
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Mucosa:
-Stratified squamous epithelium -Lingual papillae (various types on dorsal surface) -Taste buds -Fibrous connective tissue Adipose tissue Skeletal muscle core: -Arranged in layers, at right angles Salivary glands Sensory and motor nerve fibers |
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Types of Lingual papillae
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Filiform- mechanical
Circumvallate (aka. Vallate)- sensory Fungiform- sensory Foliate- sensory |
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Lingual papillae- Filiform
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Most common type
Slender conical structures projections/short bristles Function: mechanical only Extremely large and rough in some species (cats and cattle) |
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Lingual papillae- Circumvallate
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set into a deep pocket- surrounded by a "moat"
anchored by a short broad CT stalk (nerve fibers often seen) does not protrude above the surface visible with the naked eye located near the back of the tongue least numerous type |
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Lingual papillae- Fungiform
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mushroom shaped structures
have a core of CT usually have taste buds far less numerous than filiform type not as large as the vallate papillae Rise above the general level of the filiform papillae |
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Filiform papillae
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Lingual papillae- Circumvallate
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Tongue- Filiform and Fungiform papillae
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Tongue- Filiform and Fungiform papillae
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Lingual papillae- Foliate
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Lingual papillae- Foliate
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flat-topped
deep clefts between them taste buds Lagomorphs |
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Tongue- Taste buds
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Taste buds=
-well defined (encapsulated by delicate CT) -lightly staining areas which enclose several banana shaped sensory transducer cells Sensory cells= are located below the level of the epithelium Taste pore= a break in the epithelium over the sensory cells Microvilli ("taste hairs“)= collectively form a bundle exposed through the taste pore (misnomer- they aren't really "hairs") |
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Gingiva- Composition
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Mucosa:
Epithelium- Stratified squamous Lamina propria- Fibrous connective tissue |
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Papillomatosis
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Exophytic, hyperkeratotic masses with a hyperplastic epidermis supported by a fine fibrovascular stroma
may regress spontaneously, persist or rarely undergo malignant transformation |
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Palate
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Hard (contains bone)
Soft Oral surface Stratified squamous epithelium Respiratory (or nasal) surface Ciliated columnar |
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Tongue- Foliate Papillae
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Tongue- Taste buds
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Taste Buds
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Gingiva- Composition
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Hard Palate
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Soft Palate
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TEETH
Ameloblasts- |
cells that produce enamel
(contain alveolar bone) |
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Odontoblasts-
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cells that produce dentin
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Periodontal ligament-
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anchors tooth to alveolar bone
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Pulp cavity:
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contains living tissue: blood vessels, mesenchyme
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Enamel
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covers outside of tooth (aka. crown)
lost during processing |
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Dentin
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bulk of the tooth
softer than enamel |
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Cementum
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bone-like
covers tooth root (not be seen protruding beyond gum line) |
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Tooth Development
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Brachydont teeth: Enamel is made only before eruption. Once the tooth erupts, the ameloblasts die. If enamel is damaged it can't be renewed.
Rodents: continually produce enamel, must wear down their teeth by gnawing. Both root and crown develop simultaneously in the rodent and continue to grow throughout life. Horses: The enamel and dentin layers are intertwined- increasing the strength and decreasing the wear rate. |
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Saliva
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Functions:
Moistens/Lubricates masticated food bound into a slippery bolus that (usually) slides easily through the esophagus without damaging the mucosa Facilitates mastication Deglutition (swallowing) Adjusts pH Provides alkaline buffering and fluid: important in ruminants as they have non-secretory forestomachs Dissolution of food stuffs Limited carbohydrate digestion |
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Saliva
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Consists of protein glycoproteins, electrolytes and water
Controlled release- autonomic nervous system |
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Developing cat tooth
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Developing cat tooth (close up)
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Mature tooth
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Fetal rat tooth
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Salivary Glands
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Derived from epithelium of the buccal cavity
Secretions drain to the buccal cavity Major salivary glands are more distant from the buccal cavity and may have long ducts Minor salivary glands are more proximal and have shorter duct systems |
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Minor Salivary Glands
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Labial
Lingual (aka. Glands of von Ebner) Buccal Palatine |
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Salivary gland- Histology
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Adenomere (or Acinus):
compound tubuloalveolar glands Types: Mucus Serous Mixed Serous demilunes- may cap any mucous end pieces Myoepithelial cells- help expel secretions |
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Salivary gland- DUCTS
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Intercalated ducts- small tubules lined by
low cuboidal epithelium (non-secretory) Striated (aka Intralobular) ducts- columnar lined Lobular- columnar lined Intralobar- pseudostratified Lobar duct- pseudostratified Excretory duct- squamous |
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Salivary gland- DUCTS
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Intercalated ducts
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serous acinus or adenomer
intercalated duct |
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Digestive tract
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Oral cavity
Salivary glands Esophagus Ruminant forestomachs Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Avian |
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Form and Function
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Food breakdown
HCl Bile Nutrient & water absorption Microvilli Protective/ Immunologic functions Barrier GALT, mucosal lymphocytes & plasma cells Elimination of wastes |
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Tunica Mucosa
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Components:
Mucosal epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosa Innermost layer |
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Tunica Mucosa
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Mucosa- Lamina Propria (pic)
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Mucosa- Muscularis mucosa
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notice smooth muscle
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Tunica Submucosa
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Tunica Submucosa
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Meissner’s plexus
Fibrous connective tissue +/- Adipose tissue +/- Glands GALT Vessels: Blood Lymphatic |
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Tunica Submucosa (pic)
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the dark blue circles are GALT in the submucosa and the pink fibrous CT around it
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