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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics of Prokaryotes
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-No Nucleus
-no organelles -circular DNA w/ only one copy -70-s ribosomes -always uni-cellular |
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Characteristics of Eukaryotes
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-has nucleus
-has organelles -2 or more copies of DNA -80-s ribosomes - uni or multi-cellular |
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Cell component that performs a specific function and is enclosed inside a membrane.
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organelle
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How long were prokaryotes around before eukaryotes?
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about 2 billion years
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obligate intracellular parasites are also known as...
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viruses
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An organism that lives on or in a host and damages that host.
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parasite
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A light derived reaction that makes organic molecules from carbon-dioxide.
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photosynthesis
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Bacteria characteristics:
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-prokaryotes
-always uni-cellular -some are photosynthetic |
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Fungus Characteristics:
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-always Eukaryotes
-(if uni-cellular) called yeast -(if multi-cellular) called mold -NOT PHOTOSYNTHETIC -are saprobes, decomposers/ digest with enzymes then absorb nutrients. |
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Protozoan Characteristics:
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-are Eukaryotes
-always uni-cellular NOT PHOTOSYNTHETIC |
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Algae Characteristics:
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-Eukaryotes
-uni or multi-cellular -PHOTOSYNTHETIC -always water associated |
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Virus Characteristics:
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-NOT PROKARYOTES OR EUKARYOTES
-They are obligate intra-cellular parasites |
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Helminth (Parasitic worm) Characteristics:
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-Eukaryotes
-multi-cellular -microscopic stages (egg stage, larval stage) |
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Major microbes involved in decomposition are:
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fungus and bacteria
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Using biological agents to remedy environmental problems:
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Bioremediation
For example: using microbes that naturally digest oil to help clean up oil spills. |
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A disease causing organism:
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Pathogen
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Ways that microbes can be beneficial:
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-Decomposition
-Nutrient production & energy flow -Production of foods, drugs, & vaccines -Bioremediation |
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The study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye.
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Microbiology
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In general, which are larger? Eukaryotic cells or Prokaryotic cells?
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Eukaryotic cells are generally larger
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The idea that living things could arise from non-living things:
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spontaneous generation.
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The spontaneous generation debate ended in what year?
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1861
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Pasteur's "quintessential" experiment:
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Swan shaped flask experiment which answered "vital energy" argument.
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The idea that only life can beget life:
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Bio-genesis
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Four contributions of Louis Pasteur:
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-Disproved spontaneous generation of microbes
-Showed microbes caused fermentation and spoilage -Developed pasteurization -Developed a rabies vaccine |
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4 Contributions by Joseph Lister
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-introduced ASEPTIC TECHNIQUES
-Established aseptic surgery -showed disease could be prevented via hand washing and chemical treatments. -Helped establish the GERM THEORY OF DISEASE |
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The idea that microbes can cause disease.
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the Germ Theory of Disease
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The idea that living things change gradually over millions of years.
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Evolution
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The idea that changes favoring survival are retained while less beneficial changes are lost.
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Natural Selection
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How many fundamentally different organisms are there on planet earth? What are they?
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there are three; Eukaryotes & two types of Prokaryotes.
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How many domains of life are there? What are they?
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3;
-Eukarya -Eubacteria -Archaea |
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One of the domains in the three domain taxonomy; branch of the prokaryotes that has peptidoglycan in cell wall.
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Eubacteria
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One of the domains in the three domain taxonomy; branch of the prokaryotes that do NOT have peptidoglycan in cell wall. Also live in extreme environments ie. high: salt, heat, acidity etc.
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Archaea
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mnemonic device for the Levels of classification:
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Did King Phillip Come Over For Good Soup.
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
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In taxonomy, which is capitalized, genus or species?
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Genus
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Microbe characteristics:
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-Ubiquitous
-Free living or Parasitic -some are photosynthetic -Unicellular or multi-cellular |
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_______ show the relationship between organisms based on both their DNA & their evolutionary history.
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phylogenetic trees
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Type of pathogen that only causes disease in immuno-compromised individuals.
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Opportunistic pathogen
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Type of pathogen that causes disease even in healthy individuals.
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primary or true pathogen
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primary pathogen class rating
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class 2
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what is more similar to Eukarya; Eubacteria or Archaea?
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Archaea
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