Mic 205A Exam 1, Ch1

Front 1

Microorganisms

Back 1

organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye

Front 2

Pathogenic Microbes and their benefits

Back 2

disease causing microbes, most are benefitial. They decompose waste, produce industrial chemicals, produce fermented foods (vinegar, cheese, bread)

Front 3

Microbes in Our Lives. Microbes allow us to..

Back 3

1. Prevent food spoilage
2. Prevent disease occurence

Front 4

Each organism has two names. What are they?

Back 4

1. Genus- the first name. it is capitalized
2. specific epithet- the last name. it is lowercase
Both the genus and specific epithet are either underlined or italicized

Front 5

Types of Microorganisms (7)

Back 5

bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses, multicellular animal parasites

Front 6

Bacteria traits

Back 6

Prokaryotes, peptidoglycan in cell walls, use binary fission, can use photosynthesis

Front 7

Archaea traits and their main difference between bacteria

Back 7

Prokaryotic, LACK PEPTIGOGLYCAN, genes and enzymes like prokaryotes, live in extreme environments. They are the EARLIEST lifeform of the planet. They have characteristics of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Front 8

The 3 domains of all organisms

Back 8

1) Bacteria
2) Archaea
3) Eukarya, which include..
-Protists
-Plantae
-Animala
-Fungi

Front 9

Characteristics of Fungi

Back 9

Eukaryotes, chitin cell walls, use organic chemicals for energy, can we unicellular or multicellular

Front 10

Characteristics of Protozoa

Back 10

Unicellular eukaryotes, absorb or ingest organic chemicals, can be motile via cilia or flagella

Front 11

Characteristics of Algae

Back 11

Eukaryotes, Cellulose cell walls, use photosynthesis for energy, produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds

Front 12

Characteristics of Viruses

Back 12

Acellular, consist of DNA OR RNA core, are replicated only when they are in a living host cell

Front 13

What is the cell theory?

Back 13

All living things are compose of cells and come from preexisting cells

Front 14

Spontaneous Generation

Back 14

The hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter; a "vital force" forms life

Front 15

Biogenesis

Back 15

The hypothesis that the living organims arise from preexisting life

Front 16

The general tactic used for the Theory of Biogenesis

Back 16

Pasteur's S-shaped flask kept microbes out but let air in

Front 17

The general idea of the Golden Age of Microbiology

Back 17

1857-1914. Relationships included discoveries between microbes and disease, immunity, and animicrobial drugs

Front 18

Fermentation

Back 18

Proven by Pateur, fermentation is the conversion of sugar to alcohol to make beer and wine

Front 19

Pasteurization

Back 19

Proven by Pateur, pasteurization is the application of a high heat for a short time

Front 20

Koch's Prostulate

Back 20

experimental steps that prove that a specific microbe causes a specific disease.

Front 21

Vaccination

Back 21

derived from vacca, for cow. aka immunity

Front 22

Chemotherapy

Back 22

treatment with chemicals

Front 23

antibiotics

Back 23

chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit or kill other microbes