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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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JIT (just-in-time)
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a highly coordinated processing system in which goods move through the system, and services are performed with precise timing at each step of the process, just as they are needed
- operated with very little "fat" = "lean" in terms of minimal levels of inventories, minimal waste, minimal space, and minimal transactions |
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Big vs. Little JIT
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>> Big JIT = broad focus
- vendor relations - human relations - technology management - materials and inventory management >> Little JIT = narrow focus - scheduling materials - scheduling services of production |
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Comparison of JIT and traditional manufacturing system
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> Inventory
Traditional: later deliveries JIT: minimal necessary to operate > Deliveries Trad: few, large JIT: many, small > Lot sizes Trad: large JIT: small > Set-up; runs Trad: few, long runs JIT: many, short runs > Vendors Trad: long-term relationships are unusual JIT: partnets > Workers Trad: necessary to do the work JIT: Assets |
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Obstacles of implementing JIT
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- management may not be committed
- workers/management may not be cooperative - difficult to change company culture - supplies may resist -- unwilling to commit resources -- uneasy about long-term commitments -- frequent, small deliveries may be difficult -- burden of quality control shifts to supplier -- frequent engineering changes may cause JIT changes |
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JIT II
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a supplier representative works right in the company's plant, making sure there is an appropriate supply on hand
- often called as VMI (vendor managed inventory), especially in grocery or retail industry |
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The Toyota approach
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- Muda: waste and efficiency
- Kanban: a manual system that signals the need for parts or materials - Pull system: replacing materials or parts based on demand - Heijunka: workload level - Kaizen: continuous improvement of the system - Jidoka: quality at the source - Poka-yoke: safeguards built into a process to reduce the possibility of errors |
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Building blocks of JIT
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1. Product design
2. Process design 3. Personnel/organizational elements 4. Manufacturing planning and control |
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Product design
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four elements of ____ are important for a lean production system:
1. standard parts 2. modular design 3. highly capable production systems with quality built in 4. concurrent engineering |
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Process design
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eight aspects of ____ are particularly important for lean production systems:
1. small lot sizes 2. setup time reduction 3. manufacturing cells 4. quality improvement 5. production flexibility 6. a balanced system 7. little inventory storage 8. fail-safe methods |
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Manufacturing planning and control
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seven elements of ____ are particularly important for lean systems:
1. level loading 2. pull systems 3. visual systems 4. limited work-in-process (WIP) 5. close vendor relationships 6. reduced transaction processing 7. preventative maintenance and housekeeping |
