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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is the primary difference between a cloud droplet and a raindrop?
It's size; an ordinary cloud droplet is extremely small having an average diameter of 20 um. A rain drop on average is 100 times larger at 2000 um.
the process of collision and coalescence produces precipiation
Process is known as the warm rain process since the temperatures within the cloud are above freezing.
1) cloud droplets are of varying sizes within the cloud mass because of the varying strengths of the updrafts within the lcoud
2) Coalescence occurs between the cloud droplets when the larger cloud droplets fall and collide with smaller droplets
3) The drops will eventually grow to a size that overcomes the upward vertical velocity within the cloud enabling the drops to fall to the surface.
When a cloud consists of water droplets and ice crystals, is the saturation vapor pressure greater over the water droplets or over the ice crystals?
The saturation vapor pressure above a water surface is greater than the saturation vapor pressure above an ice surface. This is true because it is easier for water molecules to escape from a water droplet than an ice surface.
A cloud has air temperatures in a range around -10 C (14 F). Why are there many more cloud droplets than ice crystals in this cloud even though the air temperatures are well below the freezing temperature of 0 C?
The number of ice-forming nuclei available in the atmosphere is small for temperatures between 32 F (0 C) and 5 F (-15 C)
Three ways in which ice crystals can form in a cloud?
1- Homogeneous Freezing
2-Deposition
3-Contact Freezing
What atmospheric conditions are necessary for snow to remain snow and not melt into a raindrop when falling into air temperatures below cloud base and on the surface that are slightly above freezing?
the air must be unsaturated and the wet-bulb temperature must be at freezing or below
How do the atmospheric conditions that produce sleet differ from those that produce hail?
Sleet: forms when there is a layer of above freezing temps below cloud base but the temperatures at the surface are below freezing.
Hail- produced inside a cumulonimbus cloud by accretion of super-cooled liquid water onto a large frozen embryo caught in a strong updraft.
What is the difference between sleet and freezing rain?
Sleet- usually a transparent or translucent ice ball around .2 inches or less in diameter. When it hits the ground it can bounce.
Freezing rain- liquid that will freeze on contact with objects that are below freezing on the surface. The determining fact between sleet and freezing rain as a precipitation type is the depth and coldness of the subfreezing layer near the surface
What conditions are most favorable for the occurrence of aircraft icing?
Aircraft icing occurs when an aircraft is flying through clouds that contain a significant amount of super-cooled liquid water droplets.
best conditions occur when the cloud temperature ranges form 0-10 degrees Celsius.
What is the difference between glaze and rime icing?
Glaze Icing- forms when large super-cooled liquid drops strike the aircraft and spread out before freezing. Smooth and transparent. Builds quickly and is heavy and difficult to remove
Rime Icing- forms when an aircraft flies through a cloud containing small super-cooled liquid droplets. These droplets will freeze before they have time to spread out, leaving a rough and brittle coating of ice on the wing and other exposed parts of the aircraft. White, lighter than glaze icing, but will redistribute the air flow over the wing more than glaze ice will.