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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is bipolar 1 disorder? |
Combo of major depression & full manic episodes Mixed episodes- alternation btw manic and depressive episodes |
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What is bipolar 2 disorder? |
Combo of major depression & hypomania |
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What is cyclothymic disorder? |
Periods of hypomania and depressive episodes that do not meet full criteria for MDD (major depressive disorder) |
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What is a manic episode? |
An abnormally & persistently elevated expansion or irritable mood for a duration of at least 1 week. Must include 4 of the following: Needing little sleep (great amount of energy), talking fast (others can't follow), racing thoughts, inflated feelings of power (greatness or importance), reckless behaviour (money, sex, drugs) |
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What are mixed episodes? |
Manic and depressive episodes met |
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What are hypomanic episodes? |
Same as manic but less than 4 days |
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What is rapid cycling? |
4 or more episodes within 12 months |
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What are child bipolar episodes characterized as? |
Episodes of intense rage for 2-3 hours |
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Who is bipolar 1 more common in? |
Males |
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Who is bipolar 2 more common in? |
Females |
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Who does cyclothymia more common in? |
Adolescence or early adulthood |
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Who is at a greater risk of depression and rapid cycling? |
Females |
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What is neurobiologic? |
Neurotransmitter hypothesis |
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What is neuroendocrine theory? |
Hormonal |
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What is chronbiologic theory? |
Sleep disruption |
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What is kindling? |
Repeated stimulation of certain parts of the brain |
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What is flight of ideas? |
Rapid shifting of ideas with only superficial connects to them |
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What are clang associations? |
Rhyming words |
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What are behavioural characteristics of a manic individual? |
Manipulative, demanding, staff splitting |
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What are characteristics of someone with bipolar disorder? |
Bizzare appearance, psychomotor agitation, pressure and disorganized speech, labile mood, euphoria, flight of ideas, clanging, may have delusions, impaired attention, memory and judgement |
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What is the acute phase for bipolar disorder? |
Prevent injury Medical stabilization Self care needs |
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What is the continuation phase of bipolar disorder? |
Relapse prevention How will we know it's coming on and how to prevent it (psycholoeducational teaching) Maintain medical adherence Referrals |
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What is the maintenance phase of bipolar disorder? |
Plans for potential future relapse Limit severity & duration of future episodes |
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What mood stabilizer is usually used? |
Lithium |
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What is the therapeutic levels for lithium treatment? |
Therapeutic level: 0.6-1.4 mEq/L |
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What anticonvulsants are used? |
Divalproex (Epival) Lamotrigine Gabapentin Topiramate Valproic acid |
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What anti-anxiety meds are used? |
Benzodiazepines (-pam's) |
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What can antidepressants trigger? |
Manic episodes |
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What is an important teaching point for someone using lithium? |
Change in salt intake can affect lithium |
