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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
psychological disorder
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harmful dysfunction in which behavior is...atypical, disturbing, maladaptive, and unjustifiable
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medical model
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diseases have physical causes
diseases can be diagnosed, treated, and usually cured mental illness can be diagnosed on basis of symptoms and cured through therapy |
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Biopsychosocial model
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assumes that these three factors combine to create psychological disorders
Biological= genes and evolution psychological= stress, trauma socio-cultural=roles and expectations |
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DSM-IV
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American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Used as a system of classification, not as a diagnosis |
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neurotic disorders vs psychotic disorders
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usually distressing but that allows one to think rationally and function socially
vs disorders that do effect rational thought and socially functioning |
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anxiety disorder
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psychological disorder characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety, or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
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generalized anxiety disorder
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an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal
continually tense and jittery, worried about bad things happening, agitation, sleeplessness |
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panic disorder
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an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations
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phobias
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an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation
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OCD
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an anxiety disorder characterized marked by unwanted repetitive thoughts(obsessions) and/or actions(compulsions)
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intern syndrome
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after learning about diseases/disorders, having the tendency to examine one's self and self diagnose ourselves
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OCD among children
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obsessions:
1)concern with dirt/germs 2)something terrible-fire/death 3)symmetry, order, exactness compulsions: 1)excessive washing 2)repeating motions 3)checking doors/locks |
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PET scan of brain with OCD
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lots of activity in frontal lobe(area involved with directing attention)
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mood disorder
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psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes
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major depressive disorder
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a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities
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mania
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a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state
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bipolar disorder
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a mood disorder in which the person alternates btw the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania
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PET scans of bipolar disorder
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brain energy rises and falls btw mania and depression
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dissociative disorder
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disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
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dissociative identity disorder
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a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities (multiple personality disorder)
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schizophrenia
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a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions
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delusions
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false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders
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5 types of schizophrenia
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paranoid:preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations
disorganized: disorganized speech or behavior catatonic: immobility, extreme negativism, parrotlike repeating undifferentiated:symptoms from all 3 residual: withdrawal after delusions disappear |
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PET scan of schizophrenia
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shows very large ventricles
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personality disorders
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psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functions
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antisocial personality disorder
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a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscious for wrongdoing, even towards friends and family members. May be aggressive, ruthless, or even a con artist
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PET scan antisocial personality disorder
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lack of activity in frontal cortex
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agoraphobia
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Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder, often precipitated by the fear of having a panic attack in a setting from which there is no easy means of escape
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