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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Encoding
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the processing of getting information into the memory system
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storage
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the retention of encoded information over time
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retrieval
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the process of getting information out of memory storage
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overlearning
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Continuing to rehearse information even after it has been memorized
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Serial postion effect
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Our tendency to recall best the last and first items on a list
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Spacing effect
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the tendency for distributed study or practice to more effective in leading retention
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Primary effect
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ability to remember things in the beginning
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recency effect
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ability to remember things at the end
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distributed rehearsal
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spreading practice over several times
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massed rehearsal
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practice in one sitting
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semantic encoding
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the encoding of meaning
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visual encoding
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is the use of imagery to process information into memory.
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encoding imagery
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Vivid or unusual images are the most memorable and allow us to remember our best and worst moments; 'Rosy retrospection:' people tend to recall events more positively than they evaluated them at the time
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mnemonic device
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a trick to remember things
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method of loci
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A mnemonic device that associates things with images
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peg-word system
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mnemonic device that uses riymes to remember items
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chunking
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puting information into units
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sensory memory
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the coding of sensory information into the memory system
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iconic store
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Holds visual information for very short periods of time.
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acoustic store
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remembering sounds
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short-term memory
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holds information for a short time then it gets lost
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working memory
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another word for short term memory
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the "magic number"
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7 +/- 2
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long-term memory
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holds information permantly
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flash-bulb memory
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a significant event that is vividly remembered
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long-term potention
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learning and memory stimulate neurons to release chemicals
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explicit memory
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recalling of facts and experences
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implicit memory
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memory of skills such as walking
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recall
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measure of memory of information learned as on a fill-in-the blank test
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recognition
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measure of memory that is identified as on a multiple choice test
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context effect
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able to remember things because you are in an environment similar to which you learned that informaton
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state dependant memory
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ability to retrieve information when you are in the same physical and emotional state
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mood-congruent memory
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ability to retrieve information based on your mood. If you are happy when you get the information
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