5 - Membrane Structure And Function

Front 1

Plasma membrane is made of?

Back 1

fluid mosaics of lipids and protein with many functions

Front 2

Attachment protein

Back 2

Attaches to the ECM and cytoskeleton, support membrane, coordinate external and internal changes

Front 3

Receptor protein

Back 3

Bind signaling molecules and relay message by activating other molecules in the cell (signal transduction)

Front 4

Channel and Active Transport Protein

Back 4

Allows specific ions or molecules to enter and exit cell

Front 5

Junction protein

Back 5

form intercellular junctions that attach adjacent cells

Front 6

Enzymatic protein

Back 6

grouped to carry out sequential reactions

Front 7

Glycoprotein function.

Back 7

serve as ID tags that are recognized by membrane proteins of other cells

Front 8

What keeps membrane fluid?

Back 8

Kinks in unsaturated fatty acids

Tails of phospholipids

Presence of cholesterol

(Keeps phospholipids from packing too tightly)

Front 9

What are the six different types of proteins?

Back 9

Attachment, receptor, transport, junction, enzymatic, glycoprotein

Front 10

The critical step in the origin of life.

Back 10

Cells enclosed by membrane (ex. Water filled bubble made of phospholipids)

Front 11

Why is a simple lipid bilayer not sufficient?

Back 11

It needs proteins.

Front 12

What is passive transport?

Back 12

Movement of ions without the need of energy (high conc to low conc to reach equilibrium)

Front 13

What is osmosis?

Back 13

diffusion of water across selectively permeable membrane

Front 14

Describe net movement of water in osmosis.

Back 14

From lower conc to high conc

Front 15

What is tonicity?

Back 15

ability of a surrounding solution to cause cell to lose or gain water

Front 16

Tonicity depends on?

Back 16

conc of solutes outside cell relative to the con of solutes inside cell

Front 17

Hypotonic solution.

Back 17

Conc of solute if smaller outside than inside (water goes inside)

Animal cell - bursts

Plant cell - turgid

Front 18

Isotonic solution

Back 18

Equal solute levels

Animal - normal

Plant - flaccid

Front 19

Hypertonic solution

Back 19

Conc of solutes is lower inside than outside (water goes out)

Animal - shrinks

Plant - shriveled

Front 20

What type of proteins facilitate diffusion?

Back 20

Transport

Front 21

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back 21

hydrophilic ions require help from specific tansport proteins to move across membrane

Front 22

Carrier protein

Back 22

type of transport protein that's binds passenger, changes shape, and releases molecule in cell

Front 23

What is active transport?

Back 23

must expend energy to move against it's conc gradient

Front 24

Which supplies energy for active transport?

Back 24

ATP

Front 25

Describe events in active transport.

Back 25

1. Solute binds to transport protein

2. ATP provides energy for change in protein shape

3. Protein returns to original shape, more solutes bind.

Front 26

What is endocytosis?

Back 26

Capture particle from outside cell by engulfing it then bringing it inside

Front 27

What is exocytosis?

Back 27

Vesicles fusing with plasma membrane to release contents outside cell

Front 28

Example of passive transport.

Back 28

Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion

Front 29

Example of active transport.

Back 29

Endocytosis and exocytosis

Front 30

What is BMR?

Back 30

Basal Metabolic Rate calories needed to keep body functioning at rest