Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
esophagitis
|
Assessment
1. heartburn 30-60 min. after meal 2. pain worsens when lying down Implementation 1. frequent, small meals 2. elevate head of bed 5 - 10 inches 3. no meals 3 hours prior to bedtime 4. avoid irritant food Medications 1. antacids for occasional heartburn 2. cimetidine to reduce gastric acid secretion |
|
|
Hital hernia
|
Assessment
1. often asymptomatic 2. heartburn 3. regurgitation of food 4. diagnosis : chest X-ray or barium swallow Implementation 1. if asymptomatic - no treatment necessary 2. small frequent meals 3. elevate head of bed to reduce acid reflux 4. avoid activities that increase abdominal pressure |
|
|
Esophageal varices
liver cirrhosis -> elevated portal vein pressure -> esophageal varilces |
Assessment
1. history of alcohol abuse (liver cirrhosis) 2. hematemesis(vomiting blood) 3. melena (black, tarry stools) signs of shock if bleeding is severe Implementation 1. watch for hemorrhage, hypotension, sighs of shock 2. Monitor vital sighs if acute bleeding 3. Watch for sighs of hepatic encephalopathy 4. assist with Sengstaken tube |
|
|
Sengstaken tube
|
1. monitor bleeding in gastric drainage
2. watch for sighs of asphyxiation 3. watch for tube displacement |
|
|
Gastritis
|
Assessment
1. nausea, anorexia 2. sour taste in mouth 3. belching 4. cramping, pain Implementation 1. watch for signs of GI bleeding (coffee-ground vomit) 2. CBC if suspected pernicious anemia Medications 1. antacids 2. antihistamines (to reduce acid secretion) antibiotics (to eradicate H. pylori) treatment : monthly, lifelong IM injections of vit. B12 |
|
|
Peptic ulcer disease
1. gastric ulcer->normal or decreased acid production;decrease mucosal resistance; chronic NSAID use 2. duodenal ulcer->increase acid production;H.pylori;pain typically relieved by meals |
Assessment
1. gnawing, burning epigastric pain 2. vomiting GI bleeding->anemia diagnosis - upper GI series or endoscopy/test for presence of Helicobacter pylori Implementation 1. watch for sighs of bleeding - "coffee-ground8und" vomit tarry stools 2. avoid irritating food 3. avoid cigarette smoking 4. avoid aspirin, NSAID and steroids Medications 1. antihistamines 2. antibiotics to eradicate H.pylori |
