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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adjuvant therapy
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assisting primary cancers. eg-drugs, surgery, radiation
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alkylating agents
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synthetic chemicals containing the alkyl groups that interfere with DNA synthesis
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anaplasia
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loss of differentiation of cells, reversion to a more primitive cell type
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angiogenesis
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process of forming new blood vessels
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antibiotics
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chemical substances, produced by bacteria or primitive plants
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antimetabolites
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chemicals that stop mitosis
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antimitotics
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drugs that block mitosis. Eg: taxol for breast and ovarian cancers
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biological response modifiers
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natural substances produced by the body the fight cancer
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apoptosis
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programmed cell death
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benign tumor
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noncancerous growth (neoplasm)
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biological therapy
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use of the body's own defenses to destroy tumor cells
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carcinogens
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agents that cause cancer
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carcinoma
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cancerous tumor made up of cells of epithelial origin
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cellular oncogenes
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pieces of DNA that, when broken or dislocated, can cause a normal cell to become malignant
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chemotherapy
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treatment with drugs
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combination chemotherapy
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use of several chemotherapeutic agents together for the treatment of tumors
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dedifferentiation
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loss of differentiation of cells
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deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
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genetic material within the nucleus of a cell
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differentiating agents
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drugs that promote tumor cells to differentiate
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differentiation
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specialization of cells
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electron beams
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low-energy beams of radiation for treatment of skin or surface tumors
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encapsulated
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surrounded by a capsule ( benign cells)
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external beam radiation
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radiation applied to a tumor from a distant source
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fields
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dimensions of the size of radiation used to treat a tumor from a specific angle
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fractionation
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giving radiation in small and repeated doses
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genetic screening
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family members are tested to determine whether they have inherited a cancer-causing
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grading of tumors
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visual appearance of tumors to other naked eye: cystic, fungating, inflammatory, medullary, necrotic, polypoid, ulcerating and verrucous tumors
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