Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Normal order of physical assessment
|
inspection
palpation percusion ausculatation |
|
factors to look for during inspection
|
size
shape color symmetry position |
|
what area of hand to use for asessing texture, shape, size, constistancy, and pulse
|
pads (fingertips)
|
|
what area of hand to use for asessing vibration
|
palm of hand or ulnar surface
|
|
sound characteristic for lungs during percussion
|
resonance (hollow)
|
|
sound characteristic for gastric bubble during percussion
|
tympany (drumlike)
|
|
sound characteristic for lungs w/ emphaysemia during percussion
|
hypereasonace (lower hollow)
|
|
sound characteristic for organs during percussion
|
dullness (thudlike)
|
|
sound characteristic for muscle during percussion
|
flatness
|
|
sound characteristic for bone during percussion
|
flatness
|
|
what part of stephoscope is used for heart/ vascular
|
bell
|
|
what part of stephoscope is used for bowels and lungs
|
diaphram
|
|
what is used when unable to palplate peripheral pulses
|
doppler (soundwaves) (listen)
|
|
position for physical that allows for full expansion of lungs
|
sitting
|
|
position for physical that is used for rectal exams
|
sims
|
|
position for physical that has client on side with upper leg flexed
|
sims
|
|
position for physical that allows observation for abdominal pulsations
|
supine
|
|
position for physical that is the most relaxed, easy access to abdomen
|
supine
|
|
position for physical that is used for female exam
|
lithotomy
|
|
position for physical that has a limited time in position
|
lithotomy
|
|
position for physical that has knees flexed, feet flat on bed, and promotes abdomenal relaxation
|
dorsal recumbent
|
|
position for physical that is intolerable for patients with respitory difficultly
|
prone
|
|
position for physical that is used for musculoskeletal observation
|
prone
|
|
what is inspection of diaphoresis
|
moisture of skin
|
|
cancer of the breast is the leading cause of women age?
|
30-45 years old
|
|
positions during breast exam
|
supine
sitting hands over head hands pressed on hips leaning forward |
|
what area to perucuss during abdomen assessment
|
along the edge of the liver
should hear dullness |
|
spleenic dullness may indicate
|
enlargement, should be tympanic
|
|
a barrel chest indicate
|
emphasemia
|
|
clubbing of the fingers may indicate....
|
hypoxia
|
|
what are tactile fremiutus
|
vibrations in chest created by vocal sound
|
|
how is tactile fremiutus assessed
|
instruct client to say "99" and palpate using ulnar over right apex of lung
|
|
there is a decrease in tactile fremiutus if....
|
there is mucous, a collapse, or leasions
|
|
there is an increase in tactile fremiutus if
|
there is pnemonia
|
|
heart contraction
|
systole
|
|
ejection of blood froom ventricles
|
systole
|
|
relaxation of heart muscles
|
diastole
|
|
filling of ventricle
|
diastole
|
|
blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 min.
|
cardiac output
|
|
PMI point of maximal impulse
|
4th or 5th intercostal
|
|
PMI IN CHILDREN under 7
|
3rd or 4th intercostal
|
|
what do thrills indicate in heart assessment
|
murmurs
|
|
what should you do if you can not palpate PMI pulse
|
turn client on left side
|
|
what should you use first during asculatation of heart
|
diaphram then bell
|
|
what are clicks
|
abrupt, brief sounds heard during asculatation of the heart
|
|
what are blowing or whooshing sounds created by blood flow changes through valves
|
murmers
|
|
when is S1 heard
|
just before ventalation contraction (systole)
|
|
whhere is S1 heaRD
|
PMI, tricuspid, & mitrial
|
|
when is S2 heard
|
just before ventalation relaxation (diastole)
|
|
where is S2 heard
|
base of heart, aortic, and pulmonary
|
|
what sound is ventricular gallop
|
S3
|
|
When is S3 sound normal
|
in children and young adult
|
|
when is S3 seen
|
CHF
|
|
S3 is also known as
|
"kentuckey"
|
|
S3 is associated with.....
|
S2
|
|
S3 is characterized by....
|
rapid filling of ventricle
|
|
what sound is atrial gallop
|
S4
|
|
S4 is characterized by
|
atria contract to enhance ventricular filling due to ventricular stiffness
|
|
S4 is also known as
|
"tennessee"
|
|
S4 is associated with
|
S1
|
|
the ability to recieve and process stimili recieved through the sensory organs
|
sensation
|
|
ability to experience, recognize, organize, and interpret sensory stimuli
|
perception
|
|
ability to recieve sensory impressions, relate the stimuli to past experiences, and form an impression of the nature of the stimulis
|
sensory perception
|
|
intellectual ability to think
|
cognition
|
|
what are the neurological functions
|
sensation
perception cognition |
|
ascending pathways that transmit sensory impulses to the brain
|
afferent nerve pathways
|
|
descending pathways that send sensory impulses from the brain
|
efferent nerve pathways
|
|
what are the components of sensation and perception
|
afferent and efferent nerve pathways
|
|
what are the components of coginition
|
-consciousness (awareness & arousal)
-memory |
|
consciousness depends on the functioning of the .......
|
RAS
|
|
what controls mood and sleep
|
serotonin
|
|
what sound shound you hear by percussing the liver
|
dullness
|
|
what can palpation tell you?
|
Light: surface characteristics such as temp and texture
Deep: organ size, masses, and tenderness |
|
what is striking the body surface using elicit vibrations & sounds
|
percussion
|
|
sound produced by percussion is determenined by
|
the density of the underlining organ or tissue (solid or filled with air or fluid)
|
|
whatcan percussion tell you
|
density
size/shape tenderness deep tendon reflexes tenderness |
|
what are the types of percussions
|
direct
indirect fist or blunt (for tenderness) |
|
during ascultation what pressure should be applied for low pitch sound
|
light pressure
|
|
during ascultation what pressure should be applied for high pitch sound
|
firm pressure
|
|
what position is used for abdomen/ pelvic area
|
dorsal recumbent
|
|
what position is used for rectal
|
sims
|
|
what position is used for musculoskeletal
|
prone
|
|
what position is used best for cardiac auscultaion
|
left lateral recumbent
|
|
what position is used for rectal and prostate
|
knee chest
|
|
what position is used for spine, joints, ROM, and neurologic
|
standing
|
|
what are the general 3 phases of physical exam
|
interview, physical exam, and documentation
|
|
what approaches can be done for assessment
|
head to toe
systems |
|
how to prepare for exam
|
wash hands
have ptient void before exam |
|
When should you do vitals
|
begin with vitals and do survey along with vitals
|
|
what items are in the general survey
|
age
race facial expression mental state hygiene and dressing body type and posture obvious abnormalities |
|
what is the 4th level of orientaion
|
purpose (client know why is being examine and functioning of items)
|
|
what factor are associated with a neuro exam
|
head
eyes ears nose throat and mouth |
|
during documentation avoid....
|
terms normal, good, adequate
|
|
how is health history obtained
|
interview (subjective info)
|
|
where would it be normal to hear tympany
|
gastric air bubble
|
|
where would it be normal to hear resonance
|
(hollow) lungs
|
|
where would it be normal to hear hyperresonance
|
(lower hollow)
lungs with emphysemia |
|
where would it be normal to hear dullness
|
(thudlike) organs
|
|
where would it be normal to hear flatness
|
muscle and bone
|