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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At this point in the meditations what has been doubted or not Beg of Med 5 |
-The nature of existence of the mind has never been doubted- mind has never been doubted
-doubted and recovered: God and god's existence and nature (infinite, perfect- recovered in 4th meditation) -Gods existence recovered in 3rd meditation |
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Things still in doubt: |
- the nature and existence of the external world including one's own body - don't know whether material things exist and what they are really like -ORDER he does it in is weird- in med 5 he argues the essence of matter- the nature and what is like but won't argue the existence until med 6 - in med 5 NOTHING to do with the existence of the real- just proves the essence or what it's really like - math also still in doubt- recovers mathematical truth in med 5 |
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cont'd |
- he now has the method for recovering truth and knowledge though - the TC has been proved and is now guaranteed - he can affirm anything as true so long as it is a c&d perception |
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1. Essence of matter (nature) - what it's really like |
-He did this before when looking at the wax- but didn't have the TC back then and he inspected the wax with his senses -He begins with the conceptual idea of body/ matter not through senses - what is c&d about the idea of body? conceptually, what is body unto itself. What do you C&d perceive about that idea |
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cont'd pg 87 bottom (LBD) |
- he c&d perceives that body in general has the nature of extension- LENGTH, BREADTH AND DEPTH - that is the nature of matter- the extension of matter - it is by very nature an extension- body/matter is L,B,D. wherever there is that there is body - wherever there is space there is body. That is the essence of matter - modes of matter: sizes, shapes, positions |
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2. Innate Ideas of Essences |
- Contemplation of extension and his modes - C&D knowledge of other things namely geometry and arithmetic -he has ideas of shapes- shapes may or may not exist outside of him that's still in doubt BUT - shapes have their own unchangeable immutable natures- what it is to be a circle or a triangle - he realizes that he c&d perceives that certain properties necessarily belong to those natures |
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Eg idea of a triangle |
- Eternal nature of a triangle- i have an idea of the immutable and eternal nature of a triangle - i c&d perceive that it belongs to the idea that the interior angles= 2 right angles - whats the source of that idea |
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The source of that idea? |
A) source not through the senses- reason that w can have c&d ideas of shapes we have never sensed B) not arrived at through the imagination: we don't willingly invent these ideas and we can't change them. They're determinant immutable and eternal - leaves us with innate ideas- the source must be innate ideas - we recognize them as c&d we must assent to them, we're not indifferent to affirming these truths |
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Cont'd |
- draws conclusion that innate ideas are the essence of things and their properties must be true - this realization sets Descartes up for the 3rd argument for the existence of God |
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3. third argument for the existence of God: God's essence Ontological argument- Ontology: the study of being |
- argument from the being/ essence of God - pg 88 section 65- C&D idea of God as a supreme and perfect being A) i have an idea of the immutable and eternal nature of God B) I perceive that it belongs to that idea that God exists necessarily belongs to that idea. Therefore God exists. |
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Ontological argument |
i have an idea of God, a supremely perfect being I clearly and distinctly perceive that the existence necessarily belongs to that idea therefore God exists |
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Objection 1 |
zz |
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Objection 2 |
zz |
