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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sacred music |
music for religious functions |
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secular music |
music for entertainment and other nonreligious activities |
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genres |
categories of music |
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medium |
specific group (e.g. orchestra, chorus) that performs a piece |
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oral transmission |
music that is not written down, taught orally |
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opus number |
"opus" is latin for "work" |
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style |
the characteristic way an artwork is presented |
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From 400-1450, included the Early Christian period, Gregorian chant, and Development of polyphony |
Middle Ages |
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Early Christian period |
400-600 |
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Gregorian chant |
600-850 |
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Development of polyphony |
850-1150 |
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Renaissance period |
1450-1600 |
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polyphony |
multivoiced music |
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organum |
plainchant (single line melody "decorated" with one or more simultaneous musical lines) utlized addition of same melody at the fifth or fourth developed by Leonin and Perotin around 1200 |
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plainchant |
single line melody features monophonic, nonmetric melodies set in one of the church modes (scales) |
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vernacular |
language of the people (opposed to Latin, which was the formal language of the church and the sacred tradition) |
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troubadours (southern France) trouveres (northern France), troubairitz (female French singers), minnesingers (Germany), |
Secular musicians Aristocratic artists Worked in the courts of lords/ladies "music finders" idealized love and chivalry |
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monasteries |
where monks/nuns devoted themselves to prayer, scholarship, preaching, charity, etc. |
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liturgy |
the set order of church services and the structure of each service |
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Pope Gregory the Great (590-604) |
codified historic melodies created Gregorian chant |
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Gregorian chant |
plainchant avoids wide leaps can be syllabic, neumatic, or melismatic |
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syllabic |
one note sung to each syllable of text |
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neumatic |
small groups of up to 5 or 6 notes sung to a syllable |
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melismatic |
many notes set to a single syllable |
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modes |
a variety of scale patterns preceded major and minor scales |
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Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179) |
Founded a monastery in Germany Miracles and prophecies Wrote music with expressive leaps and melismas that convey meaning of the words |
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responsorial |
group repetition of a leader's text-music phrase (different from call and response) |
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High Mass (Roman Catholic) |
sung by priest, choir, congregation, or any combination |
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Low Mass (Roman Catholic) |
originally sung on a monotone during middle ages not very important music-wise |
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Proper Mass |
Text is different Order: -Introit -Gradual -Alleluia -Sequence -Offertory -Communion |
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Ordinary Mass |
Text is the same Order: -Kyrie eleison -Gloria -Credo -Sanctus and Benedictus -Agnus Dei |
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oblique |
one voice moves in a very florid and fast moving manner while anothervoice stays on the same note for a long time |
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free organum |
utilizes parallel, contrary, and oblique styles more improvisatory, improvised on top of sunstained notes |
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Ars Antiqua |
400-1320 |
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Ars Nova |
1320-1400 |
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contrapuntal |
of or relating to counterpoint |
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Medieval minstrels/goliards |
storytellers, went to bars/taverns wandered around and sung stories monophonic, improvised accompaniment localized, non professional musicians |
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rhythmic mode |
a fixed pattern of long and short notes that is repeated or varied, over a sustained bottom voice highly melismatic |
