Medical Terms Mod 120

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Medical Terminology

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is the study of terms that are used in the art and science of medicine

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Prefix

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to fix before or to fix to the beginning of a word

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Word root

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is a word or word element from which other words are formed.

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Combining forms

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is a word root to which a vowel has been added

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Suffix

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to fasten on, beneath, or under

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Abbreviations

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is a process of shortening a word or phrase into appropiate letters

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Anatomy

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body structure; study of the structure of an organism

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Microscopic Anatomy

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Macroscopic Anatomy

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pertaining to objects large enough to be examined by the naked eye

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Physiology

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functions and processes of the body; the study of the function of an organism

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Disease

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literally means lack of ease, a pathological condition of the body that presents with a series of symptoms.

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Signs

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any objective clinical evidence of illness or disordered function of the body. A sign can be seen, heard, measured, or felt by the examiner

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Vital signs

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temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure; pain is consider to be the fifth vital signs

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Symptoms

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any preceptible change in teh function of the body indicates disease; symptoms may be acute

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Syndrome

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a group of signs and symptoms occuring together that characterize a specific disease or pathological condition

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Diagnosis

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determination of the cause and nature of a disease, which is most often determined through the process of knowledge

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Prognosis

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literally means a state of foreknowledge; prediction of the course of a disease and the recovery rate of the affected person

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Metabolism

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sum of all biochemical and physiological process that take place in the body

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Anabolism

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building up of the body tissues in the constructive phase of metabolism.

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Ophthalm/o

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eye

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Homeostasis

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result of an organism's systems working together to maintain balance or equilibrium by adjusting for constant changes

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Cytoplasm

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jelly like substance found between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane

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Nucleus

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control center and part of the cell containing the chromosomes

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Nucleolus

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DNA

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deoxyribonucleic acid

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RNA

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ribonucleic acid

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Mitosis

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process during which a cell divides its chromosomes into two identical daughter cells, each having 23 pairs of, or 46, chromosomes

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Meiosis

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process in which cells reduce their chromosomal numbers in half to form gametes

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abdomin/o

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abdomen

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Oste/o

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bone

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Ot/o

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ear

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cardi/o

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heart

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Skletal musle

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voluntary or straited muscle (made up of cylindrical fibers) that allows movement by being attached to bones in the body

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Cardiac muscle

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type of involuntary muscle found in the heart, roughly quadrangular in shape, cross straited, and having a single central nucleus

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Smooth muscle

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type of involuntary muscle found throughout the body, compsosed of enlongated, spindle-shape cells with nucleus centrally located and without straitions

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Organs

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similary functioning groups of tissues that serve a common purpose

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Body system

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