Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adnexa of eyes |
Structures outside of the eye: orbit, eye muscles, eyelids, eyelashes, conjunctiva, & lacrimal apparatus. |
|
Orbit |
Eye socket. |
|
Binocular vision |
When muscles of both eyes work in coordination to make normal depth perception possible. |
|
Canthus |
Angle where upper and lower eyelids meet. 2 inner & 2 outer canthus. |
|
Conjunctiva |
The transparent mucous membrane lined under each eyelid. |
|
Lacrimal apparatus |
Tear apparatus. Structures that produces, store, & remove tears. |
|
Lacrimation |
Secretion of tears |
|
Lacrimal glands |
Secrete tears. Located on the underside of the upper eyelid. |
|
Lacrimal canal |
The duct at the inner canthus of each eye. They collect tears and empty into lacrimal sacs. |
|
Lacrimal sac |
Tear sac |
|
Lacrimal duct |
Nasolacrimal duct. Passageway that drains tears into the nose. |
|
Optic |
Pertaining to the eye or sight |
|
Ocular |
Pertaining to the eye |
|
Extraocular |
Outside of the eyeball |
|
Intraocular |
Within the eyeball |
|
Sclera |
White of the eye. Maintains shape of the eye. |
|
Choroid |
Choroid coat. Middle layer of the eyeball containing blood vessels. |
|
Retina |
Inner layer of the eyeball. Receives nerve impulses and transmits to the brain via optic nerve (2nd cranial nerve) |
|
Anterior segment of the eye |
The front 1/3 of the eyeball. Contains posterior and anterior chambers. |
|
Anterior chamber |
Located behind the cornea and in front of the iris. |
|
Posterior chamber |
Located behind the iris and front of the ligaments holding the lens. |
|
Aqueous humor |
Fluid filling posterior and anterior chamber. Constantly filtered and drained through trabecular meshwork and the canal of Schlemm. |
|
Intraocular pressure |
Measurement of fluid pressure inside the eye. Regulated by rate which aqueous humor anter and leaves the eye. |
|
Posterior segment |
2/3 of the back of the eyeball lined with the retina and filled with vitreous humor. |
|
Vitreous humor |
Soft clear gel with millions of fibers attached to the surface of retina. |
|
Rods and cones of the retina |
Receive images passed through the lens of the eye. Converted to nerve impulses & transmitted to the brain via optic nerve. Rods = black & white. Cones = color |
|
Ciliary body |
Located within the choroid, set of muscles and suspensory ligaments that adjust the thickness of the lens & refine focus of light rays. |
|
Iris |
Colorful circle surrounding the pupil. |
|
Cornea |
Transparent outer surface covering the iris and pupil. |
|
Accommodation |
Process where eyes adjust to seeing objects at distances. |
|
Convergence |
Inward movement of the eyes |
|
Ophthalmologist |
Specialist in diagnosing & treating diseases & disorders from vision correction to eye surgery. |
|
Optometrist |
Diagnosis eye disease & conditions measuring accuracy of vision. |
|
Ptosis |
Drooping of the upper eyelid. Blepharoptosis. |
|
Chalazion |
Cyst on upper eyelid. Caused by obstruction in sebaceous gland. A type of granuloma. |
|
Hordeolum |
Pus filled painful lesion on eyelid from infection in sebaceous gland. |
|
Blepharitis |
Swelling of eyelid |
|
Ectropion |
Turning outward of an eyelid. |
|
Entropion |
Turning inward of eyelid. |
|
Conjunctuvistis |
Pink eye. Inflammation of conjunctiva by allergy or infection. |
|
Xerophthalmia |
Dry eye from no tears produced |
|
Scleritis |
Inflammation of sclera |
|
Cataract |
Loss of transparency in the lens. |
|
Nystagmus |
Involuntary constant movement of eyes. |
|
Papilledema |
Choked disc. Optic nerve inflammation in the eyeball. |
|
Retinal detachment |
Retinal tears. Separation of retina from the choroid. |
|
Glaucoma |
Group of diseases that increase intraocular pressure that damages the retinal nerve fibers & optic nerve. |
|
Open angle glaucoma |
Chronic glaucoma. The trabecular meshwork becomes blocked & builds pressure. |
|
Closed angle glaucoma |
Acute glaucoma. The opening between cornea & iris narrows so fluid cannot reach trabecular meshwork. |
|
Diplomia |
Double vision |
|
Hemianopia |
Blindness in half of the visual field. |
|
Strabismus |
Eye pointing different directions |
|
Esotropia |
Cross eyes. Inward strabismus. |
|
Exotropia |
Walleye. Outward strabismus. |
|
Astigmatism |
Disfocus because of uneven cornea. |
|
Hyperopia |
Farsightedness. |
|
Myopia |
Nearsightedness. |
|
Snellen chart |
Used to measure visual acuity. |
|
Ophthalmoscopy |
Funduscopy. Using an ophthalmoscope to examine back part of the eye. |
|
Tonometry |
Measurement of intraocular pressure. |
|
Orbiotomy |
Surgical incision into the orbit. |
|
Tarsorrhaphy |
Suturing of eyelids to protect eye. |
|
Laser iridotomy |
Using a beam of light to create a hole in iris of the eye. Treats closed angle glaucoma by allowing aqueous humor to flow between anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. |
|
Retinopexy |
Reattaching the retina |
|
Auditory |
Pertaining to sense of hearing. |
|
Acoustic |
Pertaining to sound or hearing |
|
Pinna |
Auricle. Outer ear. Transmits sound waves in external auditory canal. |
|
Cerumen |
Earwax |
|
Tympanic membrane |
Ear drum |
|
Auditory ossicles |
3 small bones within middle ear |
|
Eustachian tubes |
Auditory tubes leading Middle ear to nasal cavity. |
|
Labyrinth |
Structures of the inner ear |
|
Cochlea |
Snail shape structure in inner ear. Sound vibrations turn to nerve impulses. |
|
Semicircular canals |
Contain liquid endolymph & hair cells. Connect to vestibule. The bending of the hair cells in response to head movement sets up impulses in nerve fibers to help maintain equilibrium. |
|
Otitis |
Inflammation of ear |
|
Otopyorrhea |
Pus flow from ear |
|
Otorrhagia |
Bleeding from ear |
|
Otitis media |
Inflammation of middle ear |
|
Otosclerosis |
Abnormal hardening of the auditory ossicles resulting in hearing loss. |
|
Conductive hearing loss |
When sound waves prevented from passing from air to fluid filled inner ear. |
|
Sensorineural hearing loss |
Nerve deafness. Auditory nerve or hair cells are damaged in inner ear. |
|
Audiometry |
Using audio meter to measure hearing acuity. |
|
Tympanometry |
Using air pressure in ear canal to test for disorders of middle ear. |
|
Myringotomy |
Surgical incision in ear drum to relieve pressure. |
|
Tympanoplasty |
Surgical repair of middle ear. Cure inflammation or restore function. |
|
Blephar/o |
Eyelid |
|
-cusis |
Hearing |
|
Irid/o |
Iris |
|
Kerat/o |
Hard. Cornea. |
|
Myring/o |
Tympanic membrane, eardrum |
|
Ophthalm/o |
Eye, vision |
|
-opia |
Vision condition |
|
Opt/o |
Eye, vision |
|
Ot/o |
Ear, hearing |
|
Phak/o |
Lens of eye |
|
Presby/o |
Old age |
|
Retin/o |
Retina |
|
Scler/o |
Sclera white of the eye, hard |
|
Trop/o |
Turn, change |
|
Tympan/o |
Tympanic membrane, eardrum |