Medical Terminology Test 2

Front 1

a communication between blood vessels. the surgical union of parts and especially hollow tubular parts.

Back 1

Anastomosis

Front 2

a male sex hormone (as testosterone)

Back 2

Androgenic

Front 3

counteracting or preventing cardiac arrhythmia. an antiarrhythmic agent.

Back 3

Anti-arrhythmic

Front 4

opposing or blocking the physiological action of acetylcholine. a drug having an anticholinergic action.

Back 4

Anti-cholinergic

Front 5

transient cessation of respiration whether normal (as in hibernating animals) or abnormal (as that caused by certain drugs)

Back 5

Apnea

Front 6

an alteration in rhythm of the heartbeat either in time or force

Back 6

Arrhythmia

Front 7

A wasting away; a diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or part.

Back 7

atrophy

Front 8

benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy

Back 8

BPH

Front 9

the hind end of the body. a fetus that is presented at the uterine cervix buttocks or legs first.

Back 9

Breech

Front 10

general physical wasting and malnutrition usually associated with chronic disease

Back 10

Cachexia

Front 11

surgical formation of an artificial anus by connecting the colon to an opening in the abdominal wall

Back 11

Colostomy

Front 12

a permanent shortening (as of muscle, tendon, or scar tissue) producing deformity or distortion

Back 12

Contracture

Front 13

the operation of cutting or crushing the fetal head to effect delivery. surgical opening of the skull

Back 13

Craniotomy

Front 14

the passive rhythmical expansion or dilation of the cavities of the heart during which they fill with blood. the rhythmical expansion of a pulsating vacuole

Back 14

Diastole

Front 15

tending to increase the excretion of urine. an agent that increases the excretion of urine

Back 15

Diuretic

Front 16

degenerative joint disease

Back 16

DJD

Front 17

Difficulty in swallowing.

Back 17

dysphagia

Front 18

development (as of organs or cells); broadly : abnormal anatomic structure due to such growth

Back 18

Dysplasia

Front 19

difficult or painful discharge of urine

Back 19

Dysuria

Front 20

gestation elsewhere than in the uterus (as in a fallopian tube or in the peritoneal cavity) -- called also ectopic gestation, extrauterine gestation, extrauterine pregnancy

Back 20

Ectopic pregnancy

Front 21

inflammation of the lining of the heart and its valves

Back 21

Endocarditis

Front 22

inflammation of the intestines and especially of the human ileum.

Back 22

Enteritis

Front 23

is a disorder of the digestive system in which the esophagus does not develop properly. The disorder is a congenital defect, which means it occurs before birth.

Back 23

Esophageal atresia

Front 24

pain in the stomach or epigastrium especially of a neuralgic type

Back 24

Gastralgia

Front 25

surgical removal of all or part of the stomach

Back 25

Gastrectomy

Front 26

an endoscope for inspecting the interior of the stomach

Back 26

Gastroscopy

Front 27

presence in the urine of abnormal amounts of sugar -- called also glucosuria

Back 27

Glycosuria

Front 28

an enlargement of the thyroid gland that is commonly visible as a swelling of the anterior part of the neck, that often results from insufficient intake of iodine and then is usually accompanied by hypothyroidism, and that in other cases is associated with hyperthyroidism usually together with toxic symptoms and exophthalmos -- called also struma

Back 28

Goiter

Front 29

a gamete-producing reproductive gland (as an ovary or testis)

Back 29

Gonads

Front 30

a pregnant woman -- often used in combination with a number or figure to indicate the number of pregnancies a woman has had <a gravida four>

Back 30

Gravida

Front 31

a test for blood in urine or feces using a reagent containing guaiacum that yields a blue color when blood is present

Back 31

Guaiac Test

Front 32

A1C, also known as glycated hemoglobin or glycosylated hemoglobin, indicates a patient's blood sugar control over the last 2-3 months. A1C is formed when glucose in the blood binds irreversibly to hemoglobin to form a stable glycated hemoglobin complex.

Back 32

Hemoglobin A1C

Front 33

In a hiatal hernia (also called hiatus hernia) the stomach bulges up into the chest through the hiatal opening. There are two main types of hiatal hernias: sliding and paraesophageal (next to the esophagus). In a sliding hiatal hernia, the stomach and the esophagus slide up into the chest through the hiatus.

Back 33

Hiatal hernia

Front 34

excessive functional activity of the thyroid gland; also : the resulting condition marked especially by increased metabolic rate, enlargement of the thyroid gland, rapid heart rate, and high blood pressure -- called also thyrotoxicosis

Back 34

Hyperthyroidism

Front 35

excessive ventilation; specifically : excessive rate and depth of respiration leading to abnormal loss of carbon dioxide from the blood -- called also overventilation.

Back 35

Hyperventilation

Front 36

of the urine-collecting structures of one or both kidneys due to the accumulation of urine that can't drain out of the kidney. Caused by blockage in urinary tract.

Back 36

Hydronephrosis

Front 37

examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes by radiography after injection of an opaque medium -- called also uterosalpingography

Back 37

Hysterosalpingography

Front 38

surgical formation of an artificial anus by connecting the ileum to an opening in the abdominal wall. the artificial opening made by ileostomy

Back 38

Ileostomy

Front 39

situated or extending between the ribs. an intercostal part or structure (as a muscle or nerve).

Back 39

Intercostal

Front 40

the presence of excess ketone bodies in the urine in conditions (as diabetes mellitus and starvation acidosis) involving reduced or disturbed carbohydrate metabolism -- called also acetonuria

Back 40

Ketonuria

Front 41

surgical removal of the posterior arch of a vertebra

Back 41

Laminectomy

Front 42

edema due to faulty lymphatic drainage

Back 42

Lymphedema

Front 43

severe hypothyroidism characterized by firm inelastic edema, dry skin and hair, and loss of mental and physical vigor

Back 43

Myxedema

Front 44

Enlargement of the kidney

Back 44

Nephromegaly

Front 45

urination at night especially when excessive -- called also nycturia

Back 45

Nocturia

Front 46

the act of occluding or the state of being occluded : a shutting off or obstruction of something. The bringing of the opposing surfaces into contact.

Back 46

Occlusion

Front 47

reduced excretion of urine

Back 47

Oliguria

Front 48

surgical fixation of a testis -- called also orchidopexy

Back 48

Orchiopexy

Front 49

an infectious usually painful inflammatory disease of bone that is often of bacterial origin and may result in death of bone tissue

Back 49

Osteomyelitis

Front 50

a condition that affects especially older women and is characterized by decrease in bone mass with decreased density and enlargement of bone spaces producing porosity and brittleness.

Back 50

Osteoporosis

Front 51

a woman delivered of a specified number of children -- used in combination with a term or figure to indicate the number <multipara> <a 36-year-old para 5>

Back 51

Para

Front 52

situated or occurring outside the intestine; especially : introduced otherwise than by way of the intestines. an agent (as a drug or solution) intended for parenteral administration

Back 52

Parenteral

Front 53

physical examination, pulmonary embolism

Back 53

PE

Front 54

inflammation of the pericardium

Back 54

Pericarditis

Front 55

Serous membrane that lines walls of abdominal and pelvic cavities and invests organs in those cavities

Back 55

Peritoneum

Front 56

either of a pair of two-walled sacs of serous membrane each of which lines one lateral half of the thorax, has an inner visceral layer closely adherent to the corresponding lung, is reflected at the root of the lung to form a parietal layer that adheres to the walls of the thorax, the pericardium, the upper surface of the diaphragm, and adjacent parts, and contains a small amount of serous fluid that minimizes the friction of respiratory movements.

Back 56

Pleura

Front 57

the condition of having more than the normal number of toes or fingers -- called also polydactylia, polydactylism

Back 57

Polydactyly

Front 58

is a decrease in blood pressure that occurs when you sit up or stand up. It causes you to feel dizzy and maybe even faint. It happens because your brain does not have the control over your heart and other organs. These symptoms will gradually go away as your body learns to adjust.

Back 58

Postural hypotension

Front 59

inflammation of the prostate gland

Back 59

Prostatitis

Front 60

narrowing of the pyloric opening (as from congenital malformation or contraction of scar tissue)

Back 60

Pyloric Stenosis

Front 61

a calculus in the kidney -- called also kidney stone

Back 61

Renal calculus

Front 62

being or relating to the sclera. of, relating to, or affected with sclerosis.

Back 62

Sclerotic

Front 63

a neural tube defect marked by congenital cleft of the spinal column usually with hernial protrusion of the meninges and sometimes the spinal cord

Back 63

Spina bifida

Front 64

an instrument for measuring the air entering and leaving the lungs

Back 64

Spirometer

Front 65

the contraction of the heart by which the blood is forced onward and the circulation kept up

Back 65

Systole

Front 66

a sudden life-threatening exacerbation of the symptoms (as high fever, tachycardia, weakness, or extreme restlessness) of hyperthyroidism that is brought on by various causes (as infection, surgery, or stress)

Back 66

Thyroid storm

Front 67

excessive functional activity of the thyroid gland; also : the resulting condition marked especially by increased metabolic rate, enlargement of the thyroid gland, rapid heart rate, and high blood pressure -- called also hyperthyroidism

Back 67

Thyrotoxicosis

Front 68

is a bone which has had its tissue broken.

Back 68

fracture

Front 69

This type of fracture has slight comminution at the fracture site which looks largely like a butterfly. The fracture site has butterfly fragments.

Back 69

Butterfly Fracture

Front 70

When there is a closed fracture there is no broken skin. The bones which broke do not penetrate the skin (but may be seen under the skin) and there is no contusion from external trauma.

Back 70

Closed Fracture

Front 71

A comminuted fracture has more than two fragments of bone which have broken off. It is a highly unstable type of bone fracture with many bone fragments.

Back 71

Comminuted Bone Fracture

Front 72

When this occurs, the bone breaks and fragments of the bone will penetrate through the internal soft tissue of the body and break through the skin from the inside. There is a high rise of infection if external pathogenic factors enter into the interior of the body.

Back 72

Compound Bone Fracture

Front 73

The pathology of this type of fracture includes a incomplete fracture in which only one side of the bone has been broken. The bone usually is "bent" and only broken of the outside of the bend. It is mostly seen in children and is considered a stable fracture due to the fact that the whole bone has not been broken. As long as the bone is kept rigid healing is usually quick.

Back 73

Greenstick Fracture

Front 74

Type of fracture where the ends of the broken bones are wedged together.

Back 74

Impacted Fracture

Front 75

This type of fracture classified as when a broken bone protrudes to the exterior of the body giving rise to soft tissue injuries of the muscles, tendons and ligaments. There is a high risk of injection to the internal tissues.

Back 75

Open Bone Fracture

Front 76

A simple bone fracture is one of the better types of fractures as there is only bone damage with little or no soft tissue damage and the broken bone ends do not penetrate the skin.

Back 76

Simple Fracture

Front 77

In this type of fracture the bone has been broken giving rise to a transverse break or fissure within the bone at a right angle to the long portion of the bone.. It is most often caused by direct traumatic injuries.

Back 77

Transverse Bone Fracture