Chapter 5 - Integumentary System

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generic term for an agent (usually a hormone, such as testosterone and androsterone) that stimulates development of male characteristics

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androgen

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ductule

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very small duct

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synthesis

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formation of a complex substance by the union of simpler compounds or elements

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adip/o

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fat

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lip/o

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fat

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steat/o

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skin

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cutane/o

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skin

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hidr/o

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sweat

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sudor/o

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sweat

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ichthy/o

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dry, scaly

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kerat/o

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horny tissue; hard; cornea

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melan/o

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black

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myc/o

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fungus

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onych/o

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nail

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ungu/o

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nail

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pil/o

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hair

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trich

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hair

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scler

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harding

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seb

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sebum, sebacceous

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squam

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scale

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xen

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foreign, strange

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xer

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dry

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-cyte

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cell

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-derma

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skin

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-therapy

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treatment

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sub-

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under, below

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localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (characteristically a staph infection)

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abscess

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Imflammatory disease of the sebacceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include black heads (comedos), inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts; usually associated with seborrhea; also called acne vulgaris

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acne

Front 29

partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer med., or a skin disease, commonly called baldness

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alopecia

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form of intraepidermal carcinoma (squamous cell) characterized by red brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis; also called Bowen precancerous dermatosis

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Bowen disease

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diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

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cellulitis

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pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots

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chloasma

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typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

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comedo

Front 34

infection of the skin caused by fungi

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dermatomycosis

Front 35

skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing (from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow, commonly called a bruise)

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ecchymosis

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chronic skin inflammation characterized by erythema, papules, vescicles, pustules, scales, crusts, scabs, and, possibly, itching

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eczema

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damaged tissue following a severe burn

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eschar

Front 38

bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

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impetigo

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thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or wart)

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keratosis

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small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by the sun exposure, usually in middle aged or older person

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lentigo

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unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin

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pallor

Front 42

infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of bushes, combs, or headgear

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pediculosis

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minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

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petechia

Front 44

skin ulceration caused by prolonged perssure from lying in one posittion that prevents blood flow to the tissues usually in bed ridden patients also known as decubitus ulcer

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pressure ulcer

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intense itching

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pruritus

Front 46

chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick dry silvery adherent scales caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis

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psoriasis

Front 47

any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucus membranes, producing ecchymosis or petechiae

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purpura

Front 48

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite commonly through sexual contact

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scabies

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fungal skin infection who's name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm

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tinea

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allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red elevated patches called wheals or hives

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urticaria

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epidermal growth caused by a virus also known as warts

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verruca

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localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk white patches

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vitiligo

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any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patients sensitivity to it

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skin test (ST)

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skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for subsequent reaction

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intradermal skin test

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skin test that identifies suspected allergens by topical application of the substance to be tested such as food, pollen, and animal fur, usually on the forearm and observing subsequent reation

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skin test
patch

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skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin

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skin test
scratch (prick)

Front 57

chemical removal of the outer layers of the skin to treat acne scarring and general keratosis; also called chemabrasion

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chemical peel

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removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents

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debridement

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rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sand paper to mechanically scratch away the epidermis

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dermabrasion

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tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; also called electrodesiccation

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fulguration

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use of subfreezing temp. (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue such as tumors, warts, and unwanted cancerous or infected tissue

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cryosurgery

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process of cutting through a lesion such as a abscess and draining its contents

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incision and drainage (I&D)

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surgical procedure to transplant healthy tissue by applying it to an injured site

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skin graft

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transplantation of healthy tissue from person to another also called homograft

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allograft

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transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

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autograft

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transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

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synthetic
skin graft

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transp. (dermis only) from a foreign donor usually (a pig) and transferred to a human; also called a heterograft

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xenograft

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BCC

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basal cell carcinoma

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CA

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cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest

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cm

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centimeter

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decub

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decubitus (ulcer)

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derm

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dermatology

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ID

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intradermal

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IMP

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impression (synonymous with diagnosis)

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ung

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ointment

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XP, XDP

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xeroderma pigmentosum

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Integument

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Skin, the largest organ in the body

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What are the sublayers of Epidermis called and what are the two most important ones?

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