Medical Terminology Reproductive System

Front 1

-ar, -ic

Back 1

pertaining to

Front 2

-cele

Back 2

hernia

Front 3

-ectomy

Back 3

surgical removal

Front 4

-ia, ism

Back 4

condition, disease from specific cause

Front 5

-ion

Back 5

action or condition

Front 6

-itis

Back 6

inflammation or infection

Front 7

-osis

Back 7

abnormal condition

Front 8

-pexy

Back 8

surgical fixation in place

Front 9

-plasia

Back 9

development, formation

Front 10

-rrhea

Back 10

discharge, flow

Front 11

-spadias

Back 11

to tear, cut

Front 12

-trophy

Back 12

process of development

Front 13

a-, an-

Back 13

without, not

Front 14

circum-

Back 14

around

Front 15

epi-

Back 15

upon, above

Front 16

hyper-

Back 16

more than normal, above

Front 17

hypo-

Back 17

below, deficiency

Front 18

para-

Back 18

beside, apart from, 2 parts of a pair, abnormal

Front 19

andr/o-

Back 19

male

Front 20

balan/o-

Back 20

glans penis

Front 21

cis/o-

Back 21

cut

Front 22

crypt/o-

Back 22

hidden

Front 23

gonad/o-

Back 23

gonads (ovaries and testes

Front 24

hemat/o-

Back 24

blood

Front 25

hydr/o-

Back 25

water, fluid

Front 26

orch/o-, orchi/o-

Back 26

testes

Front 27

test/o-, testicul/o-

Back 27

testes

Front 28

prostat/o-

Back 28

prostate gland

Front 29

spermat/o-, sperm/o-

Back 29

sperm

Front 30

vas/o-

Back 30

blood vessel

Front 31

BHP

Back 31

benign prostatic hypertrophy - abenign growth of the prostate that normally occurs as a man ages. Because theprostate surrounds the urethra, the growth of the gland tends to decrease thesize of the urethra, causing urinary retention and dribblingާ

Front 32

DRE

Back 32

Digital Rectal Exam (gloves in the anus to feel the prostate)

Front 33

HPV

Back 33

HPV – Human papillomavirus –certain strains cause genital warts while others cause dysplasia of the cervixwhich can cause cervical cancer in women.

Front 34

PSA

Back 34

Prostate-specific antigen – blood test that looks for prostate cancer

Front 35

STD

Back 35

Sexually Transmitted Disease

Front 36

TURP

Back 36

Transurethral resection of the prostate

Front 37

aspermia

Back 37

condition of having no sperm

Front 38

balanitis

Back 38

Inflammation and infection of the glans penis caused by a bacterium,virus, years or fungus. Caused by inadequate hygiene.

Front 39

benign prostatic hypertophy

Back 39

is increased size of the prostate that eventually causes blockageof the urethra and other problems.

Front 40

Circumcision

Back 40

surgical procedure in which they remove the foreskin (prepuce) –prevents bacterial issues and helps with hygiene.

Front 41

cryptorchidism

Back 41

The termactually means “hidden testicles.” One or both testes do not descend eitherbefore birth or in the first two years after birth, and this can causeinfertility. The disorder is also known as cryptorchism.

Front 42

gonnorhea

Back 42

STI – painful urination, thick yellowdischarge from urethra in men but some men don’t show any Sx.

Front 43

Hematocele

Back 43

an accumulation of blood in the tunical vaginalis, aserous membrane covering the front and sides of the testes.

Front 44

Herpes Genitalis

Back 44

caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) and isincurable and highly infectious in active phases. It has dormant and activephases

Front 45

Hydrocele

Back 45

accumulation of clear fluid in the tunicalvaginalis, a serous membrane covering the front andsides of the testes.

Front 46

Hypospadias

Back 46

Conditionbelow the penis of having the urethral opening.

Front 47

Impotence

Back 47

inability to sustain an erection andrequires medication to make it right.

Front 48

Orchiopexy

Back 48

Process ofsurgically fixing in place an undescended testis within the scrotum. to correct cryptorchidism

Front 49

Praphimosis

Back 49

theforeskin of an uncircumcised penis becomes trapped behind the glans penis, andcannot be reduced (pulled back to its normal flaccid position covering theglans).

Front 50

Peyronie's disease

Back 50

fibrous scar tissue in penis that causescurved, painful erections.

Front 51

Prostatectomy

Back 51

procedure to remove the entire prostate gland along with lymph nodes,seminal vesicles, and vas deferens because of prostate cancer

Front 52

prostatic carcinoma

Back 52

malignant cancer of the prostate gland—slowgrowth and few symptoms make it hard to catch. “Watch and Wait” approach.

Front 53

Prostatitis

Back 53

–inflammationor infection of the prostate.

Front 54

Spermatorrhea

Back 54

a conditionof excessive, involuntary ejaculation.

Front 55

Vasectomy

Back 55

`sterilization - the vas deferens are cut andpartially removed.

Front 56

-cyesis

Back 56

pregnancy

Front 57

-gravida

Back 57

pregnancy

Front 58

-para

Back 58

to give birth

Front 59

multi-

Back 59

many

Front 60

nulli-

Back 60

none

Front 61

para-

Back 61

beside, apart from, abnormal

Front 62

primi-

Back 62

first

Front 63

amni/o-

Back 63

amnion (fetal membrane)

Front 64

cervic/o-

Back 64

neck, cervix

Front 65

colp/o-, vagin/o-

Back 65

vagina

Front 66

dips/o-

Back 66

thirst

Front 67

episi/o-, vulv/o-

Back 67

vulva

Front 68

galact/o-, lact/o-

Back 68

milk

Front 69

hyster/o-, metr/o-

Back 69

uterus, womb

Front 70

uter/o-, metri/o-

Back 70

uterus, womb

Front 71

leiomy/o-

Back 71

smooth muscle

Front 72

mamm/o-, mast/o-

Back 72

breast

Front 73

men/o-

Back 73

month

Front 74

oophor/o-, ovari/o-

Back 74

ovary

Front 75

salping/o-

Back 75

uterine (fallopian) tube

Front 76

Eclampsia

Back 76

is out of control preeclampsia characterized by seizures and possible coma, edema, proteinuria, and albuminuria

Front 77

Ectopic Pregnancy

Back 77

implantation of the fertilized ovum somewhere other than the uterus.

Front 78

-asthenia

Back 78

without pain

Front 79

-esthesia

Back 79

feeling, sensation, perception

Front 80

-philia

Back 80

attraction to

Front 81

para-

Back 81

beside, apart from, two parts of a pair, abnormal

Front 82

quadri-

Back 82

four

Front 83

hypn/o-

Back 83

sleep

Front 84

mega/o-

Back 84

large

Front 85

phot/o-

Back 85

light

Front 86

phren/o-

Back 86

diaphragm, mind

Front 87

pyr/o-

Back 87

fire, burning

Front 88

schiz/o-

Back 88

split

Front 89

somat/o-

Back 89

body

Front 90

tax/o-

Back 90

coordination

Front 91

ton/o-

Back 91

pressure, tone

Front 92

agoraphobia

Back 92

fear of crowds or public places

Front 93

anorexia nervosa

Back 93

extreme,chronic fear of being fat and an obsession with becoming thinner249:

Front 94

Bipolar disorder

Back 94

chronicmood swings between the two opposite emotional poles of mania and extremedepression.

Front 95

Body dysmorphic disorder

Back 95

patientis continually concerned with minor defects in the appears of the body,particularly of the face and demands frequent plastic surgery31776ai:

Front 96

bulimia nervosa

Back 96

Patientsgorge themselves on excessive food and then purge themselves for fear ofgaining weight

Front 97

Catatonic

Back 97

continuous stupor

Front 98

cyclothymia

Back 98

chronic,mild bipolar disorder. In between mood swings, the patient is free of signs andsymptoms for monthsZo:

Front 99

Delerium

Back 99

acuteconfusion, disorientation, and agitation due to toxic leves of body chemicals,drugs or alcohol in the blood.

Front 100

Delerium Tremens

Back 100

causedby withdrawal symptoms from alcoholic intoxication and includes restlessness,tremors of the hands, hallucinations, sweating and increased heart rate.uo o:

Front 101

Dementia

Back 101

gradualdeterioration of cognitive function due to old age or a neurologic disease478475w:

Front 102

Euphoria

Back 102

extreme happiness

Front 103

Hypochondriasis

Back 103

preoccupationwith, and misinterpretation of, minor body sensations with the fear that theseindicate disease—they are convinced they have a serious disease. –hypochondriac76225C':

Front 104

Mania

Back 104

comeswith bipolar disorder – hyperactive, euphoria, feelings of power and mastery,need little sleep and are intensely interested in and talk about one thingafter another.st-m:

Front 105

Munchausen syndrome

Back 105

exhibitingfactitious medical or psychiatric symptoms. They are aware they are lying butunaware that their motivation is the desire for assistance, attention, compassion,pity, and being excused from the normal expectations of life.wf:

Front 106

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Back 106

constant,persistent, uncontrollable thoughts that occupy the mind, cause anxiety andcompel the patient to perform repetitive, meaningless activities for fear ofwhat will happen if they don't

Front 107

PTSD

Back 107

Post traumatic stress disorder – continuing, disabling reaction to an excessivelytraumatic situation or event. Patient feels helpless and numbed emotionalresponse.z:

Front 108

Schizophrenia

Back 108

mostcommon type of psychosis –chronic loss of touch with erality—bizarre behavior,breakdown of thought processes, voices in their heads, hallucinations, etc.o:

Front 109

SAD

Back 109

Seasonal affective disorder – SAD – caused by hypersecretion of melatonin from thepineal gland in the brain. Longer nights and decreased hours of sunshine duringthe winter months increase the production of melatonin and causes depression weightgain, and altered sleeping habits

Front 110

Social Phobia

Back 110

fearof being embarrassed or humiliated in front of others, fear of public places,or fear of being in the center of attentioniJ(:

Front 111

Electroconvulsive therapy

Back 111

useselectric current and electrodes on the head to produce seizures. Given asedative and muscle relaxant drugs.-b:

Front 112

-dipsia

Back 112

thirst

Front 113

-lysis

Back 113

breaking down

Front 114

-pexy

Back 114

surgical fixation

Front 115

-spasm

Back 115

uncontrolled movement of muscles

Front 116

-uria

Back 116

problem with urinary tract

Front 117

an-

Back 117

without, not

Front 118

Dia-

Back 118

complete, completely through

Front 119

Intra-

Back 119

within

Front 120

supra-a

Back 120

above

Front 121

AZOT/O-

Back 121

UREA, NITROGEN

Front 122

CYST/O-, VESIC/O-

Back 122

URINARY BLADDER

Front 123

GLOMERUL/O-

Back 123

GLOMERULUS

Front 124

HEMAT/O-

Back 124

BLOOD

Front 125

KET/O-, KETON/O-

Back 125

KETONES

Front 126

MEAT/O-

Back 126

OPENING

Front 127

NEPHR/O-, REN/O-

Back 127

KIDNEY

Front 128

NOCT/O-

Back 128

NIGHT

Front 129

OLIG/O-

Back 129

SCANTY

Front 130

PROTEIN/O-

Back 130

PROTEIN

Front 131

PY/O-

Back 131

PUS

Front 132

PYEL/O-

Back 132

RENAL PELVIS

Front 133

UR/O-, URIN/O-

Back 133

URINE, URINARY SYSTEM

Front 134

URETER/O-

Back 134

URETER

Front 135

URETHR/O-

Back 135

URETHRA

Front 136

BUN

Back 136

BLOOD UREA NITROGEN

Front 137

CRF

Back 137

CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

Front 138

ESWL

Back 138

EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY

Front 139

IVP

Back 139

INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAPHY, procedurethat uses x-rays and radiopaque contrast dye. It outlines the renal pelves,ureters, bladder, and urethra. -bidj:

Front 140

KUB

Back 140

Kidneys,ureters, and bladder x-ray – procedure is done with contrast dye and it is usedto find kidney stones or as a preliminary x-ray before performing intravenouspyelographyidi-b:

Front 141

UA

Back 141

URINALYSIS

Front 142

UTI

Back 142

URINARY TRACT INFECTION - bacterialinfection somewhere in the urinary tract, most often caused by e. coli

Front 143

ANTISPASMODICS

Back 143

relax the smooth muscle in the walls of the urter, bladder, andurethra. :

Front 144

ANURIA

Back 144

ABSENCE OF URINE PRODUCTION

Front 145

CATHETERIZATION

Back 145

is the placement of a tube through the urethra into the bladderand, sometimes, into the ureter or kidney. dt.:

Front 146

CYTOSCOPY

Back 146

is using an endoscope to directly view theurethra and the bladder. Lg1

Front 147

DIURETICS

Back 147

BLOCK SODIUM FROM BEING ABSORBED BACK INTO THE BLOOD. IT IS EXCRETED THROUGH URINE

Front 148

DYSURIA

Back 148

PAINFUL URINATION

Front 149

FREQUENCY

Back 149

NEED TO URINATE OFTEN--HAPPENS DURING THE NIGHT WHILE SLEEPING

Front 150

GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Back 150

is an inflammation of the glomerulus that causes the kidney tobecome inflamed.n>a:

Front 151

HEMATURIA

Back 151

BLOOD IN THE URINE

Front 152

HEMODIALYSIS

Back 152

DONE THROUGH THE BLOOD VIA A CATHETER OR PORT IN A BLOOD VESSEL

Front 153

HYDRONEPHROSIS

Back 153

ABNORMAL ACCUMULATION OF FLUIDS IN THE RENAL PELVIS DUE TO A BLOCKAGE OF THE KIDNEY OR URETER

Front 154

INCONTINENCE

Back 154

UNABLE TO CONTROL URINATION

Front 155

INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAM

Back 155

- is an x-ray procedure where contrastmedium is used to view the kidneys, ureters and bladder, while a KUB is just a plain x-ray of the kidneys,ureters, and bladder without contrast.:

Front 156

KETONURIA

Back 156

URINE WITH KETONE BODIES

Front 157

LITHOTRIPSY

Back 157

where the physicians go up the urethra to where the stone is lodged andgrab it in a basket and pull it out. Lithotripsy has been a lifesaver for chronic stoneformers because it is noninvasive.var F

Front 158

NEPHROLITHIASIS

Back 158

is a condition of stones in the kidney (also called urolithiasis, renal calculi, kidney stones) On page563, figure 11-9, is a picture of a kidney stone.lithiasis is abnormalcondition of stones. This can cause hydronephrosis. The pain, called renalcolic, is quite intense. ֟\

Front 159

NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

Back 159

COMMONLY SEEN IN DIABETES RESULTING IN DAMAGE OF THE GLOMERULI AND RELEASE OF INCREASED AMOUNTS OF PROTEIN IN TO THE URINE

Front 160

NOCTURIA

Back 160

GETTING UP AT NIGHT TO URINATE

Front 161

OLIGURIA

Back 161

SCANTY URINE PRODUCTION

Front 162

POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY

Back 162

hereditarydisease characterized by cysts in the kidney that eventually destroy thenephrons, causing kidney failure. Shows few symptoms and signsx-ray pn:

Front 163

POLYDIPSIA

Back 163

EXCESSIVE THIRST

Front 164

POLYURIA

Back 164

EXCESSIVE PRODUCTION OF URINE

Front 165

PROTEINURIA

Back 165

PROTEIN IN THE URINE

Front 166

PYURIA

Back 166

PUS IN URINE

Front 167

RETENTION

Back 167

INABILITY TO URINATE

Front 168

URGENCY

Back 168

STRONG URGE TO URINATE AND A SENSE OF PRESSURE IN THE BLADDER--CAUSED BY KIDNEY STONE, INFLAMMATION OR ENLARGED PROSTATE GLAND

Front 169

URINALYSIS

Back 169

is the analysis of urine components. It is also called aUA. -lysis is thesuffix meaning breaking down. Analysis involves looking for elements that arenot normally present or are at higher than normal levels. The urinalysis testis one of the most common medical tests and is the best guide to GU disease.

Front 170

-CRINE

Back 170

THING THAT SECRETES

Front 171

-DIPSIA

Back 171

THIRST

Front 172

-ECTOMY

Back 172

SURGICAL REMOVAL

Front 173

-EDEMA

Back 173

SWELLING

Front 174

-EMIA

Back 174

CONDITION OF THE BLOOD

Front 175

-ISM

Back 175

PROCESS, DISEASE FROM SPECIFIC CAUSE

Front 176

-OID

Back 176

RESEMBLING

Front 177

-OSIS, -ESIS

Back 177

CONDITION, ABNORMAL CONDITION, PROCESS

Front 178

ENDO

Back 178

WITHIN

Front 179

EXO-

Back 179

OUT, AWAY FROM

Front 180

POLY

Back 180

MORE THAN ONE, MANY

Front 181

ADREN/O-. ADRENAL/O-

Back 181

ADRENAL GLAND

Front 182

CALC/O-

Back 182

CALCIUM

Front 183

CHROM/O-

Back 183

COLOR

Front 184

CORTIC/O-

Back 184

CORTEX

Front 185

GLUC/O-, GLYC/O-

Back 185

GLUCOSE

Front 186

GONAD/O-

Back 186

GONADS

Front 187

HOME/O-

Back 187

SAME

Front 188

KAL/I-

Back 188

POTTASIUM

Front 189

KET/O-

Back 189

KETONES

Front 190

NATR/O-

Back 190

SODIUM

Front 191

PANCREAT/O-

Back 191

PANCREAS

Front 192

PARATHYROID/O-

Back 192

PARATHYROID GLANDS

Front 193

PHOSPHAT/O-

Back 193

PHOSPHORUS

Front 194

THYM/O-

Back 194

THYMUS, RAGE

Front 195

THYR/O-, THYROID/O-

Back 195

THYROID GLAND

Front 196

TOXIC/O-

Back 196

POISON

Front 197

K

Back 197

POTASSIUM

Front 198

ADH

Back 198

ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE: hormoneproduced by hypothalamus but stored and released by the posterior pituitarygland. It moves sodium and water from tubules in the nephron of the kidney intothe blood. Decreases urine output and keeps the blood volume and blood pressurenormal.='foy:

Front 199

DM

Back 199

DIABETES MELLITUS

Front 200

GH

Back 200

GROWTH HOROMONE

Front 201

GTT

Back 201

GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST–blood and urine tests that measure the level of glucose to determine if thepancreas is secreting a normal amount of insulin. They have fasted for 12hours.m:

Front 202

IDDM

Back 202

INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS

Front 203

Na

Back 203

SODIUM

Front 204

NIDDM

Back 204

NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS

Front 205

RAIU

Back 205

radioactiveiodine uptake - The radioactiveform of iodine is taken up by the thyroid gland in the same way as regulariodine, so when a thyroid scan is done, the size and shape of the thyroid isshown, as well as how much of the iodine is absorbed.L&:

Front 206

TFT

Back 206

THYROID FUNCTION TESTS

Front 207

ACROMEGALY

Back 207

Hypersecretionof growth hormone during childhood. Because the growth plates at the ends ofthe long bones have already fused, the patient can’t grow taller, so it causesthe facial feetures, jaw, hands and feet to widen and enlarge. thyr{:

Front 208

ADDISON DISEASE

Back 208

is a life threatening disease of hypoadrenalism. Oftencaused by tumors or autoimmune disease. A common sign for this disease is abronzing of the skin. abso|:

Front 209

ADENECTOMY

Back 209

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF A GLAND

Front 210

ADRENALECTOMY

Back 210

procedureto remove the adrenal gland because of an adenoma or cancerous tumorv,:

Front 211

ALDOSTERONISM

Back 211

a condition in which there is excessivesecretion of aldosterone. This disturbs the balance of sodium, potassium, andwater in the blood and so leads to high blood pressure.>s:

Front 212

ANABOLIC

Back 212

aconstructive form of metabolism that constructs or synthesizes molecules fromsmaller objects (bone growth, muscle mass, mineralizationAntidiabetics - are taken when the pancreas is producing a small amount ofinsulin. Oral antidiabetics are not insulin.HY

Front 213

BLOOD SUGAR TEST

Back 213

TESTS THE LEVEL OF BLOOD SUGAR

Front 214

CATABOLISM

Back 214

processof destructive metabolism that break down complex molecules into smaller units,usually releasing energy in the process.ti:

Front 215

CUSHING SYNDROME

Back 215

is also called hyperadrenalism.This disease is looked at either primary caused by cancer or secondary causedby endocrine disease of either the pituitary or hypothalamus. Commoncharacteristic of this disease is the moon face. Figure 14-13 on page 738 givesyou a good picture of what a person with Cushing syndrome could look like.E=:

Front 216

DIABETES MELLITUS

Back 216

Hyposecretionof insulin caused by the inability of beta cells of pancreas to secrete enoughinsulin. Type 1 and 2e:1I):

Front 217

DIURESIS

Back 217

INCREASED OR EXCESSIVE PRODUCTION OF URINE

Front 218

DWARFISM

Back 218

Hyposecretionof growth hormone during childhood and puberty. Low level of hormone causeslack of growth with short stature but with normal body proportions.L&:

Front 219

ELECTROLYTES

Back 219

mineralsin the blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge. They affectthe amount of water in your body, the acidity of your blood, your musclefunction and other important processes.d`:

Front 220

ENDOCRINE

Back 220

thesecreted hormones in the body that maintain the body’s homeostasis.u:

Front 221

ENDOGENOUS

Back 221

– growing produced by growth from deep tissue.

Front 222

EXOCRINE

Back 222

relatingto glands that secret their products through ducts opening into an epitheliumrather than directly into the bloodstream/i:

Front 223

EXOGENOUS

Back 223

anymaterial that Is present and active in an organism but that originated outsidethat organism.:

Front 224

EXOPTHALMIC

Back 224

Signof hyperthyroidism. Edema behind the eyeballs cause them to protrude. Thiscreates a staring expression that shows a large amount of white sclerae. Theyalso have swelling of the neck.

Front 225

FASTING BLOOD SUGAR

Back 225

ablood test that tests the levels of glucose after 12 hours of fasting. Firsttest for diabetes mellitus:

Front 226

GIGANTISM

Back 226

hypersecretionof the growth hormone during childhood and puberty. It is caused by an adenomain the anterior pituitary gland. Tissue and bones grow excessively. ent-->l:

Front 227

GLYCOSURIA

Back 227

acondition characterized by excess sugar in the urine, typically associated withdiabetes or kidney disease.spank:

Front 228

GRAVE'S DISEASE

Back 228

Mostcommon type of hyperthyroidism. It is an autoimmune disease in which the bodyproduces antibodies that stimulate TSH receptors on the thyroid gland, and thisincreases the production of Thyroid hormones.g:

Front 229

HOMEOSTASIS

Back 229

stateof equilibrium of the internal environment of the body. The endocrine systemplays a role in homeostasis by regulating body fluids, electrolytes, glucose,cell metabolism, growth, and the wake-sleep cycle.3:

Front 230

HYPERCALCEMIA

Back 230

usually results from excessive bone resorption. There are several ways this happens including parathyroid excess and excessiveGI calcium absorption and/or intakeslar:

Front 231

HYPERGLYCEMIA

Back 231

conditionof having above normal amounts of glucose in the blood;:

Front 232

HYPERGONADISM

Back 232

overactivegonads. Can manifest as precocious puberty and is caused by abnormally highleves of testosterone or estrogen. bone rei:

Front 233

HYPERKALEMIA

Back 233

Highlevels of potassium in the blood—can lead to cardiac arrest and death.p>:

Front 234

HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA

Back 234

anelectrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally high level of phosphatein the blood. :

Front 235

HYPERPITUITARISM

Back 235

Hypersecretionof one or all of the hormones in the anterior pituitary gland. It is caused bya benign tumor in the AP gland. causes two conditions,acromegaly and gigantism. acr/o- means extremity or high point (many ofyou have heard of acrophobia, the fear of high places). Inhyperpituitarisum acromegaly is a condition where the hands, fingers,feet swell to the point that larger rings, gloves, and shoes areneeded.

Front 236

HYPERTHYROIDISM

Back 236

Hypersecretion of T3 and T4 thyroid hormones. This causes tremors of the hands,tachycardia, palpitation, restlessness, nervousness, diarrhea, insomnia,fatigue and weight loss. Enlargement ofthe thyroid gland etcght:_;:

Front 237

HYPERVOLEMIA

Back 237

conditionin which the plasma levels are too high in the bloodr-la:

Front 238

HYPOKALEMIA

Back 238

is caused by decreased intake of potassium but isusaully caused by excessive losses of potassium in the urine or from the GItract.c:

Front 239

HYPONATREMIA

Back 239

is a decrease in plasma sodium and is the most commonelectrolyte disordere GIf:

Front 240

HYPOPARATHYROIDISM

Back 240

Hyposecretionof parathyroid hormone—caused by accidental removal during thyroidectomy.Causes low calcium levels in blood, irritable nerves, muscle cramps, or musclespasms.

Front 241

HYPOPHYSECTOMY

Back 241

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF THE PARATHYROID

Front 242

HYPOSMOLARITY

Back 242

DECREASED OSMOLAR CONCENTRATION ESPECIALLY IN THE BLOOD OR URINE

Front 243

HYPOTHYROIDISM

Back 243

Hyposecretionof T3 and T4 hormones. Usually caused by lack of iodine in the diet. Causesgoiter, fatigue, decreased body temperature, dry hair and skin, constipation,weight gain.:

Front 244

INSULIN

Back 244

hormonesecreted by beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. It transports glucose intothe cells where it is metabolized for energy.>h:

Front 245

INSULINOMA

Back 245

Tumorof the pancreas that produces excessive amounts of insulin.lessnw:

Front 246

KETOACIDOSIS

Back 246

A serious condition of uncontrolled DM is ketoacidosis. It is anexcessive accumulation of ketones in the body. Symptoms include a fruityodor of acetone on the breath, mental confustion, dyspnea, nausea, dehydrationand if untreated coma.]5:

Front 247

LOBECTOMY

Back 247

is a term used for removal of any lobe (lung,glandular, etc.).n of ung:

Front 248

METABOLISM

Back 248

All of the physical and chemical activities inyour body that convert or use energy are calledmetabolism. These includethings like breathing, digesting food, and circulating blood.

Front 249

MYXEDEMA

Back 249

swellingof the skin and underlying tissues, giving waxy consistency. Typical ofpatients with underactive thyroid glands…associated with hypothyroidism andalso includes weight gain, mental dullness and sensitivity to the cold.

Front 250

PANHYPOPITUITARISM

Back 250

hyposecretionof all of the hormones in the anterior pituitary gland.;ms:

Front 251

PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA

Back 251

hypersecretionof norepinephrine and epinephrine because of an adenoma in the adrenal medulla.Causes heart palpitations, severe sweating, headaches and severe hypertension reasc:

Front 252

POLYDIPSIA

Back 252

thirstwith increased intake of fluids.

Front 253

POLYURIA

Back 253

Lowlevel of water in the urine.

Front 254

POSTPRANDIAL

Back 254

THE TIME AFTER A MEAL

Front 255

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY - RIA

Back 255

sensitivemethod for measuring small amounts of a substance in the blood. Radioactiveversions of a substance, or isotopes of the substance, are mixed withantibodies and inserted in a sample of the patient’s blood>D>:

Front 256

RADIOIODINE

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therapyfor hyperthyroidism. Combines thyroid scan with Radioactive iodine uptakeprocedure so you can see the size and shape of thyroid and iodine shows howwell it can absorb iodine from theblood.id`:

Front 257

THYROTOXICOSIS

Back 257

anotherterm for hyperthyroidism because of the toxic effect of the high levels ofthyroid hormones. i~:

Front 258

-ACUSIS

Back 258

HEARING

Front 259

-OPIA

Back 259

VISION

Front 260

-OSMIA

Back 260

SMELL

Front 261

-PLEGIA

Back 261

PARALYSIS

Front 262

HEMI-

Back 262

HALF

Front 263

MONO-

Back 263

SINGLE

Front 264

ACOUS/O-

Back 264

HEARING, SOUND

Front 265

AUDI/O-

Back 265

SENSE OF HEARING

Front 266

AUDIT/O-

Back 266

SENSE OF HEARING

Front 267

ADENOID/O-

Back 267

ADENOIDS

Front 268

AMBLY/O-

Back 268

DIMNESS

Front 269

BLEPHAR/O-

Back 269

EYELIDS

Front 270

CONJUNCTIV/O-

Back 270

CONJUNCTIVA (MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE EYE

Front 271

CYCL/O-

Back 271

CILIARY BODY OF THE EYE, CIRCLE, CYCLE

Front 272

DACRY/O-

Back 272

TEARS, TEAR DUCT

Front 273

DIPL/O-

Back 273

DOUBLE

Front 274

EPIGLOTT/O-

Back 274

EPIGLOTTIS

Front 275

EX/O-

Back 275

AWAY FROM, EXTERNAL, OUTWARD

Front 276

GLAUC/O-

Back 276

SILVER GRAY

Front 277

HETER/O-

Back 277

OTHER

Front 278

IRID/O-

Back 278

IRIS

Front 279

KERAT/O-

Back 279

CORNEA (OF EYE), HARD FIBROUS PROTEIN

Front 280

LACRIM/O-

Back 280

TEARS, TEAR DUCT

Front 281

LARYNG/O-

Back 281

LARYNX

Front 282

MASTOID/O-

Back 282

MASTOID PROCESS

Front 283

MYDR/O-

Back 283

WIDEN OR ENLARGE

Front 284

NAS/O-

Back 284

NOSE

Front 285

RHIN/O-

Back 285

NOSE

Front 286

OPTHALM/O-

Back 286

EYE

Front 287

OCUL/O-

Back 287

EYE

Front 288

OPT/O-

Back 288

EYE, VISION

Front 289

OPTIC/O-

Back 289

EYE, VISION

Front 290

OT/O-, AUR/O-

Back 290

EAR

Front 291

AURICUL/O-

Back 291

EAR

Front 292

PHARYNG/O-

Back 292

PHARYNX

Front 293

PHON/O-

Back 293

SOUND

Front 294

PHOT/O-

Back 294

LIGHT

Front 295

PRESBY/O-

Back 295

OLD

Front 296

RETIN/O-

Back 296

RETINA

Front 297

SALPING/O-

Back 297

TUBE, FALLOPIAN TUBE

Front 298

SCLER/O-

Back 298

SLCERA (WHITE OF EYE), HARD

Front 299

SCLERA/O-

Back 299

SCLERA, HARD

Front 300

SCOT/O-

Back 300

DARKNESS

Front 301

SINUS/O-

Back 301

PARANASAL SINUSES

Front 302

SOMN/O-

Back 302

SLEEP

Front 303

TONSIL/O-

Back 303

TONSILS

Front 304

TRACHE/O-

Back 304

TRACHEA

Front 305

TYMPAN/O-

Back 305

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

Front 306

MYRING/O-

Back 306

EARDRUM

Front 307

AMBLYOPIA

Back 307

LAZY EYE

Front 308

CATARACT

Back 308

A CONDITION WHERE THE LENS OF THE EYE IS CLOUDY

Front 309

CERUMEN

Back 309

EAR WAX

Front 310

CORYZA

Back 310

MEDICAL TERM FOR COLD

Front 311

CROUP

Back 311

is an acute respiratory syndrome ofchildhood characterized by a barking cough, suffocative and difficultbreathing, stridor, and laryngeal spasm.

Front 312

EPISTAXIS

Back 312

NOSE BLEED

Front 313

EXOPHTHALMOS

Back 313

Pronounced outwardbulging of the eyes with a startled, staring expression. Caused byhyperthyroidism.dx:

Front 314

GLAUCOMA

Back 314

characterized by increased introcular pressure caused by thefailure of the aqueous humor to drain from the eye. There are varioustypes of glaucoma, all of them though lead to blindness unless detected andtreated early. 477200bX

Front 315

INFLUENZA

Back 315

THE FLU

Front 316

MACULAR DEGENERATION

Back 316

is a chronic progressive loss ofcentral vision. Central vision is required for reading, detail work,driving and recognizing faces. It is the leading cause of visual loss inthe United States. u-:

Front 317

MENIERE DISEASE

Back 317

– innerear condition that Sx is vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss6X

Front 318

OTITIS EXTERNAL

Back 318

infectionof the ear canal, typically by bacteria. Symptoms include itching, pain, andotorrheaand i

Front 319

OTITIS MEDIA

Back 319

inflammationof the middle ear. It causes otalgia and severe severe casescan cause cholesteatoma withperforation of the tympanic membrane. In chronic cases physicians may perform myringotomies (placementof tubes in the ears).X

Front 320

PERTUSSIS

Back 320

WHOOPING COUGH

Front 321

SLEEP APNEA

Back 321

is intermittent short periods of cessationof breathing followed by snorting and gasping during sleep. To diagnosis it apatient may have a polysomnography performed.r:

Front 322

THRUSH

Back 322

- infectioncaused by yeast that results in a white coating on the tongue:

Front 323

TINNITUS

Back 323

noisein ears. It is experienced by 10 to 15% of the population. Tinnitus may bedescribed as buzzing, ringing, roaring, whistling, or hissing and is sometimesvariable and complex.t-->P2:

Front 324

VERTIGO

Back 324

extremedizziness when the body isn’t moving

Front 325

CPAP - CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE

Back 325

is a method of noninvasiveventilation assisted by a flow of air delivered at constant pressure throughoutthe respiratory cycle. Used for patients with sleep apnea. G#:

Front 326

LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION

Back 326

a laser procedure where a beam is aimed at a retinaltear to seal it. ente:

Front 327

RAPID GROUP A STREP TEST

Back 327

testkit for strep throat. If it detects beta-hemolytic group A streptococcus, apurplish line appears—available within an hour>

Front 328

ANTIBIOTICS

Back 328

TREAT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS OF THE EARS, NOSE, SINUSES OR THROAT

Front 329

ANTIHISTAMINES

Back 329

BLOCK THE EFFECT OF HISTAMINE RELEASED DURING AN ALLERGIC REACTION

Front 330

DECONGESTANTS

Back 330

CONSTRICT BLOOD VESSELS AND DECREASE SWELLING OF THEM MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF THE NOSE AND SINUSES DUE TO COLD AND ALLERGIES

Front 331

ENT

Back 331

EARS NOSE AND THROAT

Front 332

HEENT

Back 332

HEAD, EYES, EARS, NOSE AND THROAT

Front 333

T&A

Back 333

TONSILLECTOMY AND ADENOIDECTOMY

Front 334

URI

Back 334

UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION