Medical Terminology: Orthopedics (Ch. 12)

Front 1

Cephal/o

Back 1

Head

Front 2

Cervic/o

Back 2

Neck

Front 3

Cost/o

Back 3

Ribs

Front 4

Crani/o

Back 4

Cranium

Front 5

Lamin/o

Back 5

Lamina (part of the vertebral arch)

Front 6

Myel/o

Back 6

Bone marrow, spinal cord

Front 7

Orth/o

Back 7

Straight

Front 8

Oste/o

Back 8

Bone

Front 9

Rachi/o

Back 9

Spine

Front 10

Spondyl/o

Back 10

Vertebrae (Backbone)

Front 11

Vertebr/o

Back 11

Vertebrae (Backbone)

Front 12

Stern/o

Back 12

Sternum (Breastbone)

Front 13

Thorac/o

Back 13

Chest

Front 14

Braci/o

Back 14

Arm

Front 15

Carp/o

Back 15

Carpus (wrist bones)

Front 16

Clavicul/o

Back 16

Clavicle (collar bone)

Front 17

Dactyl/o

Back 17

Fingers, toes

Front 18

Humer/o

Back 18

Humerus (upper arm bone)

Front 19

Acromi/o

Back 19

Acromion (projection of the scapula)

Front 20

Metacarp/o

Back 20

Metacarpus (hand bones)

Front 21

Phalang/o

Back 21

Phalanges (bones of fingers and toes)

Front 22

Radi/o

Back 22

Radiation, X-ray, radius

Front 23

Uln/o

Back 23

Ulna

Front 24

Calcane/o

Back 24

Cacaneum (heel bone)

Front 25

Femor/o

Back 25

Femur (thigh bone)

Front 26

Fibul/o

Back 26

Fibula

Front 27

Ili/o

Back 27

Ilium

Front 28

Ischi/o

Back 28

Ischium

Front 29

Lumb/o

Back 29

Loins (lower back)

Front 30

Patell/o

Back 30

Patella (kneecap)

Front 31

Ped/i

Back 31

Foot, child

Front 32

Pelv/i

Back 32

Pelvis

Front 33

Pelv/o

Back 33

Pelvis

Front 34

Pod/o

Back 34

Foot

Front 35

Pub/o

Back 35

Pelvis bone

Front 36

Tibi/o

Back 36

Tibia

Front 37

Ankyl/o

Back 37

Stiffness, bent, crooked

Front 38

Arthr/o

Back 38

Joint

Front 39

Chondr/o

Back 39

Cartilage

Front 40

Condyl/o

Back 40

Condyle

Front 41

Synov/o

Back 41

Synovial membrane, synovial fluid

Front 42

Lei/o

Back 42

Smooth

Front 43

My/o

Back 43

Muscle

Front 44

Rhabd/o

Back 44

Rod-shaped (striated)

Front 45

Fasci/o

Back 45

Band, fascia

Front 46

Fibr/o

Back 46

Fiber, fibrous tissue

Front 47

Ten/o

Back 47

Tendon

Front 48

Tend/o

Back 48

Tendon

Front 49

Tendin/o

Back 49

Tendon

Front 50

Articulation

Back 50

The place of union between two or more bones; a joint

Front 51

Bursa

Back 51

Padlike sac found in connective tissue near joints, acts to reduce friction between tendon and bone

Front 52

Collagen

Back 52

Strong, fibrous, insoluble protein found in connective tissue of tendons, ligaments, bone, cartilage, and deep fascia

Front 53

Fontanel

Back 53

An unossified membrane or soft spot lying between the cranial bones of the skull of a fetus or infant

Front 54

Hematopoiesis

Back 54

Production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow

Front 55

Ligament

Back 55

Strong, flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bones, cartilage, and other structures to provide support or to attach to muscles

Front 56

Manubrium

Back 56

Upper segment of the sternum articulating with the clavicle and first pair of costal cartilages

Front 57

Suture

Back 57

Line of union in an immovable articulation, such as those between the skull bones

Front 58

Tendon

Back 58

Band of dense, fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Front 59

Flexion

Back 59

Decreases the angle of a joint

Front 60

Extension

Back 60

Increases the angle of a joint

Front 61

Adduction

Back 61

Moves closer to the midline

Front 62

Abduction

Back 62

Moves away from the midline

Front 63

Pronation

Back 63

Turns the palm down

Front 64

Supination

Back 64

Turns the palm up

Front 65

Dorsiflexion

Back 65

Elevates the foot

Front 66

Plantar flexion

Back 66

Lowers the foot

Front 67

Rotation

Back 67

Moves a bone around its longitudinal axis

Front 68

Rachiometer

Back 68

Instrument to measure spinal curvature

Front 69

Spondyloptosis

Back 69

Prolapse of a vertebra

Front 70

Dactylospasm

Back 70

A cramp of the finger or toe

Front 71

Calcaneodynia

Back 71

Pain in the calcaneum

Front 72

Gouty

Back 72

Arthritis caused by excessive uric acid in the body

Front 73

Scoliosis

Back 73

Abnormal sideward curvature of the spine, either to the left or right

Front 74

Talipes

Back 74

Any of several deformities of the foot

Front 75

Lordosis

Back 75

Abnormal inward curvature of a portion of the spine, aka swayback

Front 76

Bunion

Back 76

Abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

Front 77

Subluxation

Back 77

A partial dislocation

Front 78

Strain

Back 78

Trauma to the muscles and/or tendons from excessive use

Front 79

Osteoporosis

Back 79

Disorder characterized by abnormal loss of bone density; porous bones

Front 80

Osteoarthritis

Back 80

Progressive, degenerative joint disease with bone spurs and destruction of articular cartilage

Front 81

Sprain

Back 81

Traumatic injury to the tendons/muscles/ligaments around a joint with pain, swelling, and discoloration of skin

Front 82

Paget disease

Back 82

Skeletal disease of unknown cause, affecting middle-aged and elderly, with excessive bone destruction and unorganized bone repair

Front 83

Polymyositis

Back 83

Chronic inflammation of multiple muscles simultaneously, with deformity, pain, edema, sweating, tension, and insomnia

Front 84

Lyme Disease

Back 84

An acute, recurrent inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick

Front 85

Muscular Dystrophy

Back 85

Group of genetic diseases with progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles without involvement of the nervous system

Front 86

Ganglion

Back 86

Cyst that develops from the joint capsule or a tendon, usually in the wrist

Front 87

Kyphosis

Back 87

Exaggeration of angulation in the normal posterior curve of the thoracic spine; aka humpback/hunchback

Front 88

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Back 88

Highly malignant tumor derived from primitive, striated muscle cells

Front 89

Greenstick

Back 89

Fracture in which the bone is partially bent and partially broken; occurs in children

Front 90

Compound

Back 90

Fracture with an external wound in the skin

Front 91

Comminuted

Back 91

Fracture in which the bone is broken or splintered into pieces

Front 92

Corticosteroids

Back 92

Reduces inflammation associated with arthritis, bursitis, and tendinitis

Front 93

Laminectomy

Back 93

Surgical procedure performed to relieve compression of the spinal cord as in the case of a ruptured disk

Front 94

Sequestrectomy

Back 94

Excision of a necrosed piece of bone