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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
arthr/o |
joint |
|
Site of contact between two bones |
articulation, (aka joint) |
|
Shortening or tightening of a mm |
contraction |
|
Pertaining to muscles and the skeleton |
musculoskeletal |
|
Lubricating fluid of the joint |
synovial fluid |
|
Specialist that treats arthritis and other diseases of joints, muscles, and bones |
rheumatologist |
|
Specialist that treats injuries or diseases of the musculoskeletal system |
orthopedist |
|
fasci/o |
fascia, band (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles) |
|
fibr/o |
fiber, fibrous tissue |
|
leiomy/o |
smooth muscle (visceral) |
|
lumb/o |
loins (lower back) |
|
muscul/o |
muscle |
|
my/o |
muscle |
|
ten/o |
tendon |
|
tend/o |
tendon |
|
tendin/o |
tendon |
|
carp/o |
carpus (wrist bones) |
|
cervic/o |
neck; neck of uterus |
|
cost/o |
ribs |
|
crani/o |
cranium (skull) |
|
humer/o |
humerus |
|
metacarp/o |
metacarpus (hand bones) |
|
phalang/o |
phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes) |
|
spondyl/o |
vertebra (this form used to describe a condition of the structure, ex: spondylitis) |
|
vertebr/o |
vertebra (this form used to describe the structure, ex: vertebral) |
|
stern/o |
sternum |
|
calcane/o |
calcaneum (heel bone) |
|
femor/o |
femur (thigh bone) |
|
fibul/o |
fibula (lateral lower leg bone) |
|
patell/o |
patella (kneecap) |
|
pelv/i |
pelvis |
|
pelv/o |
pelvis |
|
radi/o |
radiation, x-ray; radius (lateral forearm bone) |
|
tibi/o |
tibia (larger medial lower leg bone) |
|
ankyl/o |
stiffness; bent, crooked |
|
chondr/o |
cartilage |
|
lamin/o |
lamina (part of the vertebral arch) |
|
myel/o |
bone marrow; spinal cord |
|
orth/o |
straight |
|
oste/o |
bone |
|
-clasia |
to break; surgical fracture |
|
-clast |
to break |
|
-plegia |
paralysis |
|
-sarcoma |
malignant tumor of connective tissue |
|
dia- |
through, across |
|
peri- |
around |
|
Group of hereditary diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of the muscles |
muscular dystrophy |
|
Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive fatigue and severe muscle weakness (particularly with facial muscles and ptosis of the eyelids) |
myasthenia gravis (MG) |
|
Injury to the capsule of the shoulder joint, which is reinforced by muscles and tendons |
rotator cuff injury |
|
Trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability |
sprain |
|
Trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch |
strain |
|
Congenital deformity of the foot; aka clubfoot |
talipes equinovarous |
|
Inflammation of the tendon, usually caused by injury or overuse |
tendinitis |
|
Spasmotic contraction of the neck muscles, causing stiffness and twisting of the neck; aka wryneck |
torticollis |
|
Inflammation of a joint usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and changes in structure |
arthritis |
|
Arthritis caused by excessive uric acid in the body |
gout |
|
Progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by bone spurs (osteophytes) and destruction of articular cartilage |
osteoarthritis |
|
Chronic, systemic inflammatory disease affecting the synovial membranes of multiple joints, eventually resulting in crippling deformities and immobility |
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
|
Pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the wrist canal |
carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint |
contracture |
|
Grating sound made by movement of bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction |
crepitation |
|
Malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow, usually in long bones or the pelvis, and most commonly in adolescent boys |
Ewing sarcoma |
|
Any break in a bone |
fracture |
|
Rupture of the necleus pulposus (center gelatinous material within an intervertebral disk) between two vertebrae |
herniated disk |
|
Decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures |
osteoporosis |
|
Skeletal disease affecting elderly people that causes chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones and bowing of long bones |
Paget disease |
|
Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency |
rickets |
|
Fragment of a necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue |
sequestrum |
|
Increased curvature of the thoracic region of the vertebral column, leading to a humpback posture |
kyphosis |
|
Increased forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column |
lordosis |
|
Abnormal sideward curvature of the spine to the left or right that eventually causes back pain, disk disease, or arthritis |
scoliosis |
|
Inflammation of one or more vertebrae |
spondylitis |
|
Chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin that first affects the spine and is characterized by fusion and loss of mobility of two or more vertebrae; aka rheumatoid spondylitis |
ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it, most commonly the fifth lumbar vertebra over the first sacral vertebra; aka spinal cord compression |
spondylolisthesis |
|
-listhesis |
slipping |
|
Partial dislocation of a bone from its normal location within a joint, causing loss of function of the joint |
subluxation |
|
Surgical puncture of a joint |
arthrocentesis |
|
Visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures |
arthroscopy |
|
Surgical repair of a joint |
arthroplasty |
|
Excision of a dead piece of floating bone |
sequestrectomy |
|
These reduce the reabsorption of bones in tx of weak and fragile bones as seen in osteoporosis and Paget disease |
bone reabsorption inhibitors |
|
These treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity within the immune system by preventing further disease progression |
gold salts |
|
These relieve muscle spasms, pain, and stiffness |
muscle relaxants |
|
These relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation in tx of musculoskeletal conditions |
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
|
Fracture which does not break through the skin |
closed |
|
Fracture which breaks through the skin |
open |
|
Fracture which results in extensive soft tissue damage, ex: broken rib piercing a lung |
complicated |
|
Fracture that results in the bone being crushed into several pieces |
comminuted |
|
Fracture where the two broken ends of a bone are forced into one another |
impacted |
|
Situation where the fracture line does not include the whole bone |
incomplete |
|
Broken bone that only breaks on one side of the bone due to the soft, flexible nature of bones in children |
greenstick |
|
Fracture of the distal radius caused by falling onto an outstretched hand |
colles fracture |