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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Passage of materials through the walls of the intestine into the blood stream
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Absorption
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Building blocks of proteins and produced when proteins are digested
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amino acids
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Enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch
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amylase
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Opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body
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anus
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Blind pouch hanging form the cecum (in the RLQ)
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appendix
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Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It breaks up large fat globules.
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bile
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Pigment released by the liver in bile.
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Bilirubin
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Intestine
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bowel
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Pointed, dog-like teeth, next to the incisors. (distal to) Also called cuspids or eyeteeth
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canine teeth
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First part of the large intestine
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cecum
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Large intestine
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colon
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Carries bile form the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum.
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common bile duct
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Expulsion or passage of feces from the body through the anus.
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defecation
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process of swallowing
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deglutition
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Major tissue composing of teeth, covered by the enamel in the crown and a protective layer of cementum in the root.
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dentin
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Process of breaking down of complex foods to simpler foods.
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digestion
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First part of the small intestine.
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duodenum
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Removal of waste material from the body.
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elimination
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Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules.
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emulsification
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Hard, outermost layer of a tooth.
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enamel
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A chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances, helping in the breakdown of complex foods to simpler foods.
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Enzyme
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Tube connecting the throat to the stomach.
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esophagus
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Substances produced when fats are digested.
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fatty acids
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Solid waste; Stools
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feces
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Small sac under the liver; stores bile
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gallbladder
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A simple sugar
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glucose
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Starch;
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glycogen
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glucose is stored in the form of this in liver cells
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Substance produced by the stomach;
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hydrochloric acid
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necessary for digestion of food
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Third part of the small intestine
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ileum
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One of four front teeth in the dental arch.
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incisor
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Hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancreas.
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insulin
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Transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glycogen formation by the liver.
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Second part of the small intestine.
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jejunum
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Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats.
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lipase
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A large organ located in the RUG of the abdomen.
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liver
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This organ secretes bile, stores sugar, iron, and vitamins. produces blood proteins and destroys worn out red blood cells.
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Ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach.
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lower esophageal sphincter LES
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also called cardiac sphincter
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Process of chewing
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mastication
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Sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch
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molar teeth
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Premolar teeth are the 4th, 5th teeth, before these.
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Roof of the mouth.
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palate
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hard one lies anterior to the soft one.
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Organ under the stomach; produces insulin, and enzymes
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pancreas
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Small elevations on the tongue.
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papillae (singular- papilla)
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nipple like elevations on the surface of the tongue
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salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear.
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parotid gland
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Rhythm-like contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal tract and other tubular structures.
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peristalsis
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The common passageway for food from the mouth and air from the nose.
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pharynx
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Throat
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Large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines.
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portal vein
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Enzyes that digest protein.
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protease
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Soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels.
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pulp
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Ring of muscle fibers at the distal region of the stomach, where it joins the duodenum.
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pyloric sphincter
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Last section of the colon
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rectum
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Ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach.
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rugae
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Digestive juice produced by salivary glands
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saliva
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Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands.
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salivary glands
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These glands produce digestive juices.
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Lower part of the colon
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sigmoid colon
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Shaped like an "S"
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Ring of muscle fibers that constrict a passage or closes a natural opening.
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sphincter
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Muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus.
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stomach
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Three parts: fundus(proximal section), body(middle section), and antrum(distal section).
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Large fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acid and one part glycerol.
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triglycerides
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Soft tissue hanging from the soft palate into the mouth.
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uvula
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Aids in production of sounds and speech.
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Microscopic projections in the walls of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.
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Villi (singular: villus)
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process of forming new sugar from proteins and fats
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gluconeogenesis
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high levels of a bile pigment in the bloodstream
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hyperbilirubinemia
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pertaining to administration other than through the intestinal tract
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parenteral
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a mucous membrane
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mucosa
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breakdown (conversion) of animal starch to sugar.
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glycongenolysis
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new surgical connection between two previously unconnected organs.
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anastomosis
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one who diagnoses and treats disorders of the anus and rectum.
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proctologist
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one who operates on the urinary tract
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urologist
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one who straightens the teeth.
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orthodontist
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one who performs root canal therapy.
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endodentist
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one who operates on the mouth and teeth.
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oral surgeon
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one who diagnoses and treats gastrointestinal tract disorders.
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gastroenterologist
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one who diagnoses and uses drugs to treat kidney disorders.
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nephrologist
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one who treats gum diseases.
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peridontist
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one who operates on the intestinal tract.
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colorectal srugeon
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