Medical Term Ch 7 Respiratory System

Front 1

cartilage.

Back 1

tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments buy less dense than bone.

Front 2

cilia.

Back 2

hairlike structure.

Front 3

diffuse.

Back 3

to move or spread out a substance at random, rather then by chemical reaction or application of external forces.

Front 4

mucous membrane.

Back 4

Moist tissue layer lining hollow organs, and cavities of the body that open to the environment; also called mucosa.

muc: mucus.

-ous: pertaining to.

Front 5

diffuse.

Back 5

to move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces.

Front 6

pH

Back 6

Symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.

Front 7

septum.

Back 7

wall dividing two cavities.

Front 8

serous membrane:

Back 8

Thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membrane moist; also called serosa.

ser: serum.

-ous: pertaining to

Front 9

nasal:

Back 9

pertaining to the nose.

nas/o: nose.

-al: pertaining to.

Front 10

rhin/o:

Back 10

rhinoplasty: surgical repair of the nose.

rhin/o: nose.

-plasty: surgical repair.

Front 11

septoplasty:

Back 11

surgical repair of the septum.

sept/o: septum.

-plasty: surgical repair.

Front 12

sinusotomy:

Back 12

incision of any of the sinuses.

sinus/o: sinus, cavity.

-tomy: incision.

Front 13

adenoidentomy:

Back 13

excision of adenoids.

adenoid/o: adenoids.

-ectomy: excision, removal.

Front 14

peritonsillar:

Back 14

pertaining to (the area) around the tonsils.

peri-: around

tonsil/o: tonsils.

-ar: pertaining to

Front 15

pharyngoscope:

Back 15

instrument for examining the pharynx.

pharyng/o:

pharynx (throat).

-scope: instrument for examining.

Front 16

epiglottitis:

Back 16

inflammation of the epiglottis.

epigott/o: epiglottis.

-itis: inflammation.

Front 17

laryngoplegia:

Back 17

paralysis of the (vocal cords).

laryng/o: larynx (voicebox).

-plegia: paralysis.

Front 18

tracheoplasty:

Back 18

surgical repair of the trachea.

trache/o: trachea (windpipe).

-plasty: surgical repair.

Front 19

bronchiectasis:

Back 19

dilation of the bronchi.

bronchi/o: bronchus (plural, bronchi).

-ectasis: dilation, expansion.

Front 20

bronchoscope:

Back 20

instrument for examining the bronchus or bronchi.

bronch/o: bronchus (plural, bronchi).

-scope: instrument for examining.

Front 21

bronchiolitis:

Back 21

inflammation of the bronchioles.

bronchiol/o: bronchiole.

-itis: inflammation.

Front 22

alverolar:

Back 22

pertaining to the alveoli.

alverol/o: alverolus; air sac.

-ar: pertaining to.

Front 23

pleurocentesis:

Back 23

surgical puncture of the pleural cavity; also called thoracocentesis or thoracentesis.

pleur/o: pleura.

-centesis: surgical puncture.

Front 24

pneum/ectomy:

Back 24

excision of (all or part of) a lung.

pneum/o: air; lung.

-ectomy: excision.

Front 25

pneumonia:

Back 25

condition of the lungs.

pneumon/o: air, lung.

-ia: condition.

Front 26

pulmonologist:

Back 26

specialist in the study (and treatment of lumgs (and respiratory diseases).

pulmon/o: lung.

-logist: specialist in the study of.

Front 27

anthracosis:

Back 27

abnormal condition of coal dust (in the lungs); also called black lung disease.

anthrac/o: coal, coal dust.

-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells).

Front 28

atelectasis:

Back 28

incomplete expansion of the lung; also call airless lung or collapsed lung.

atel/o: incomplete; imperfect.

-ectasis: dilation, expansion.

Front 29

pneumoconiosis:

Back 29

condition of dust in the lungs.

coni/o: dust.

-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells).

Front 30

cyanosis:

Back 30

abnormal condition of blueness.

cyan/o: blue.

-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells).

Front 31

lobectomy:

Back 31

excision of a lobe.

lob/o: lobe.

-ectomy: excision.

Front 32

orthopnea:

Back 32

breathing in straight (or upright position).

orth/o: straight.

-pnea: breathing.

Front 33

oximeter:

Back 33

instrument used for measuring O2.

ox/I: oxygen (O2).

-meter: instrument for measuring.

Front 34

hypoxemia:

Back 34

deficiency of O2.

hyp-: under, below, deficient.

ox/I: oxygen (O2).

-emia: blood condition.

Front 35

pectoralgia:

Back 35

pain in the chest; also called thoracalgia or thoracodynia.

pector/o: chest.

-algia: pain.

Front 36

stethoscope:

Back 36

instrument used for examining the chest.

steth/o: chest.

-scope: instrument for examining.

Front 37

thoracopathy:

Back 37

disease of the chest.

thorac/o: chest.

-pathy: disease.

Front 38

phrenospasm:

Back 38

involuntary contraction of the diaphragm.

phren/o: diaphragm; mind.

-spasm: involuntary contraction, twitching.

Front 39

spirometer:

Back 39

instrument for measuring breathing.

spir/o: breathe.

-meter: instrument for measuring.

Front 40

hypercapni:

Back 40

excessive CO2.

hyper-: excessive, above normal.

-capnia: carbon dioxide.

Front 41

anosmia:

Back 41

without (the sense of) smell.

an-: without, not.

-osmia: smell.

Front 42

dysphonia:

Back 42

bad (impaired) voice (quality).

dis-: bad; painful; difficult.

-phonia: voice.

Front 43

dysphonia:

Back 43

bad (impaired) voice (quality).

dys-: bad; painful; difficuly.

-phonia: voice.

Front 44

apnea:

Back 44

not breathing.

a-: without, not.

-pnea: breathing.

Front 45

hemoptysis:

Back 45

coughing up or spitting of blood.

hem/o: blood.

-ptysis: spitting.

Front 46

pyothorax:

Back 46

pus in the chest (cavity); also called empyema.

py/o: pus.

-thorax.

Front 47

bradypnea:

Back 47

slow breathing.

brady- slow.

-pnea: breathing.

Front 48

dyspnea:

Back 48

difficult breating.

dys-: bad; painful; difficult.

-pnea: breathing.

Front 49

eupnea:

Back 49

normal breathing.

eu-: good, normal.

-pnea: breathing.

Front 50

tachypnea:

Back 50

rapid breathing.

tachy-: rapid.

-pnea: breathing.

Front 51

acidosis:

Back 51

Excessive acidity of body fluids.

acid: acid.

-osis: abnormal condition; increases (used primarily with blood cells).

Front 52

anosmia:

Back 52

absence of the sense of smell.

an-: without, not

-osmia: smell.

Front 53

apnea:

Back 53

temporary loss of breathing.

a-: without, not.

-pnea: breathing.

Front 54

asphyxia:

Back 54

condistion caused by insufficient intake of oxygen.

a-: without, not.

-sphyxia: pulse.

Front 55

atelectasis:

Back 55

collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung.

atel: incomplete; imperfect.

-ectasis: dilation, expansion.

Front 56

cheyne-stokes respiration:

Back 56

repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration: first deeply, then shallow, when not at all.

Front 57

corza

Back 57

acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; also called head cold or upper respiratory infection (URI).

Front 58

crackle:

Back 58

abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli; also called rale.

Front 59

croup:

Back 59

common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and, sometimes, lungs.

Front 60

deviated nasal septum:

Back 60

displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and, sometimes, nosebleed.

nas: nose.

-al: pertaining to.

Front 61

epiglottitis:

Back 61

severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years of age.

epiglott: epiglottis.

-itis: inflammation.

Front 62

epistaxis:

Back 62

nasal hemorrhage; also called nosebleed.

Front 63

finger clubbing

Back 63

enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes commonly associated with pulmonary disease.

Front 64

hypoxemia

Back 64

oxygen deficiency in arterial blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment.

hyp-: under, below, deficient.

ox: oxygen.

-emia: blood condition.

Front 65

hypoxia:

Back 65

oxygen deficiency in body tissues; usually a sign of respiratory impairment.

hyp- under, below, deficient.

-oxia: oxygen.

Front 66

pertussis:

Back 66

acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound; also called whooping cough.

Front 67

pleurisy

Back 67

inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis.

pleur: pleura.

-isy: state of; condition.

Front 68

pneumoconiosis:

Back 68

disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust (anthrazcosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and asbestos particles (asbestosis).

pneum/o: air, lung.

coni: dust.

-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells.

Front 69

pulmonary edema:

Back 69

accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure.

pulmon: lung.

-ary: pertaining to.

Front 70

pulmonary embolism:

Back 70

blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter ( such as a blood clots, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria).

pulmon: lung.

-ary: pertaining to.

embol: plug.

-ism: condition.

Front 71

rhonchus:

Back 71

abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation of an obstructed airway.

Front 72

stridor:

Back 72

high-pitched sound heard on auscultation of an obstructed airway.

Front 73

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS):

Back 73

completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually les than age 12 months; also called crib death.

Front 74

wheeze:

Back 74

whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway.

Front 75

aerosol therapy:

Back 75

lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways.

Front 76

anteral lavage:

Back 76

washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed medical management.

Front 77

oximetry:

Back 77

noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen; also called pulse oximetry.

ox/I: oxygen.

-metry: act of measuring.

Front 78

polysomnography:

Back 78

test of sleep cycles and stages using continuous recording of brain waves (EEGs), electrical activity of muscles, eye movement,

Front 79

postural drainage:

Back 79

Method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretion from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs.

Front 80

(PFT) pulmonary function test:

Back 80

variety of tests used to evaluate respiratory function, the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane.

pulmon: lung.

-ary: pertaining to.

Front 81

spirometry:

Back 81

pft that measures the breathing capacity of the lungs, including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air.

Front 82

endotracheal intubation:

Back 82

Procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway.

endo-: in, within.

trache: trachea.

-al: pertaining to.

Front 83

pleurectomy:

Back 83

excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura.

pleur: pleura.

-ectomy: excision, removal.

Front 84

septoplasty:

Back 84

Surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures.

sept/o: septum.

-plasty: surgical repair.

Front 85

thoracentesis:

Back 85

Surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity; also called pleurocentesis or thoracocentesis.

Front 86

tracheostomy:

Back 86

Surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted.

trache/o: trachea.

-stomy: forming an opening (mouth).

Front 87

mantoux test:

Back 87

Intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen.

Front 88

bronchoscopy:

Back 88

visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (flexible fiberoptic or rigid) inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor.

Front 89

laryngoscopy

Back 89

visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities.

laryng/o: larynx (voice box).

-scopy: visual examination.

Front 90

mediastinoscopy:

Back 90

visual examination of the mediastinal structures, including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes.

mediastin/o: mediastinum.

-scopy: visual examination.

Front 91

arterial blood gas (ABG):

Back 91

test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood.

arteri/o: artery.

-al: pertaining to.

Front 92

sputum culture:

Back 92

microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias.

Front 93

sweat test:

Back 93

Measurement of the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in sweat.

Front 94

throat culture:

Back 94

test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci.

Front 95

sputum culture:

Back 95

microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias.

Front 96

sweat test:

Back 96

measurement of the amount of salt (sodium choride) in sweat.

Front 97

throat culture:

Back 97

test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci.

Front 98

(CTPA) computed tomography pulmonary angiography:

Back 98

Minimally invasive imaging the combines computed tomography scanning and angiography to produce images of the pulmonary arteries.

tom/o: to cut.

-graphy: process of recording.

pulmon: lung.

-ary: pertaining to.

-ary: pertaining to.

angi/o: vessel (usually blood or lymph)

-graphy: process of recording.

Front 99

ventilation-perfusion (V-Q) scan:

Back 99

Nuclear test scan that evaluates both airflow (ventilation) and blood flow (perfusion) in the lungs for evidence of a blood clot in the lungs; also called V-Q lung scan.