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Medical Term - Ch 2

Medical Term - Ch 2

by redtiger32869, Sep. 2011

Subjects: medical terminology

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	The levels of organization of the body in order from smallest to largest are: _____, _____, _____, _____, _____.	Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems, Body
	No matter its shape, all cells have a _____, _____, and _____.	Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane
	_____ is the study of tissue.	Histology
	_____ tissue lines internal organs and serves as a covering for the skin.	Epithelium
	In the _____ position the body is standing erect with arms at sides and palms facing forward.	Anatomical
	The _____ quadrant of the abdomen contains the appendix.	Right lower
	The dorsal cavities are the _____ cavity and the _____ cavity.	Cranial Spinal
	There are _____ anatomical divisions in the abdominal cavity.	9
	The _____ region of the abdominal cavity is located in the right lower lateral region near the groin.	Right iliac
	Within the thoracic cavity the lungs are found in the _____ cavity and the heart is found in the _____ cavity.	Pleural Pericardial
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition Abdominal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the abdomen
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition anterior	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the front
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition Brachial	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the arm
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition caudal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the tail
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition cephalic	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the head
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition cervical	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the neck
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition cranial	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the skull
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition crural	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the leg
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition distal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to away
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition dorsal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term pertaining to the back of the body
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition epithelial	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the epithelium
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition gluteal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the buttocks
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition inferior	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to below
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition lateral	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the side
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition medial	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the middle
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition muscular	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the muscles
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition neural	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to nerves
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition organic	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to organs
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition pelvic	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the pelvis
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition peritoneal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the peritoneum
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition pleural	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the pleura
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition posterior	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the back
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition proximal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to near
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition pubic	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the genital region
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition somatic	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the body
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition spinal	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the spine
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition superior	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to above
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition systemic	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to systems
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition thoracic	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the chest
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition ventral	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the belly side
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition vertebral	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to the vertebrae
	Word building Medical Term --> Definition visceral	Word Building Definition --> Medical Term Pertaining to internal organs
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix abdomin/o	Word Building Suffix --> Combining Form -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix anter/o	Word Building - Suffix -ior
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix brachi/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix caud/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix cephal/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix cervic/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix crani/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix crur/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix dist/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix dors/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix epitheli/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix glute/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix infer/o	Word Building - Suffix -ior
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix later/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix medi/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix muscul/o	Word Building - Suffix -ar
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix neur/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix organ/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix organ/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix pelv/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix peritone/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix pleur/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix poster/o	Word Building - Suffix -ior
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix proxim/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix pub/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix somat/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix spin/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix super/o	Word Building - Suffix -ior
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix system/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix thorac/o	Word Building - Suffix -ic
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix ventr/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix vertebr/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Word Building Combining Form --> Suffix viscer/o	Word Building - Suffix -al
	Abbreviations AP	Abbreviations anteroposterior
	Abbreviations CV	Abbreviations cardiovascular
	Abbreviations ENT	Abbreviations ear, nose and throat
	Abbreviations GI	Abbreviations gastrointestinal
	Abbreviations GYN	Abbreviations gynecology
	Abbreviations lat	Abbreviations lateral
	Abbreviations LE	Abbreviations lower extremity
	Abbreviations LLQ	Abbreviations left lower quadrant
	Abbreviations LUQ	Abbreviations left upper quadrant
	Abbreviations MS	Abbreviations musculoskeletal
	Abbreviations OB	Abbreviations obstetrics
	Abbreviations PA	Abbreviations posteroanterior
	Abbreviations RLQ	Abbreviations right lower quadrant
	Abbreviations RUQ	Abbreviations right upper quadrant
	Abbreviations UE	Abbreviations upper extremity
	Terms for describing body position superior	Terms for describing body position more toward the head, or above another structure
	Terms for describing body position cephalic	Terms for describing body position more toward the head, or above another structure
	Terms for describing body position inferior	Terms for describing body position more toward the feet or tail, or below another structure
	Terms for describing body position caudal	Terms for describing body position more toward the feet or tail, or below another structure
	Terms for describing body position anterior	Terms for describing body position more toward the front or belly-side of the body
	Terms for describing body position ventral	Terms for describing body position more toward the front or belly-side of the body
	Terms for describing body position posterior	Terms for describing body position more toward the back or spinal cord side of the body
	Terms for describing body position dorsal	Terms for describing body position more toward the back or spinal cord side of the body
	Terms for describing body position medial	Terms for describing body position refers to the middle or near the middle of the body or structure
	Terms for describing body position lateral	Terms for describing body position refers to the side
	Terms for describing body position proximal	Terms for describing body position located nearer to the point of attachment to the body
	Terms for describing body position distal	Terms for describing body position located further away from the point of attachment to the body
	Terms for describing body position apex	Terms for describing body position tip or summit of an organ
	Terms for describing body position base	Terms for describing body position bottom or lower part of an organ
	Terms for describing body position superficial	Terms for describing body position more toward the surface of the body
	Terms for describing body position deep	Terms for describing body position further away from the surface of the body
	Terms for describing body position supine	Terms for describing body position the body lying horizontally and facing upward
	Terms for describing body position prone	Terms for describing body position the body lying horizontally and facing downward
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen right hypochondriac	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen right lateral region of upper row beneath the lower ribs
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen epigastric	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen middle area of upper row above the stomach
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen Left hypochondriac	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen left lateral region of the upper row beneath the lower abs
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen right lumbar	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen right lateral region of the middle row at the waist
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen umbilical	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen central area over the naval
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen left lumbar	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen left lateral region of the middle row at the waist
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen right iliac	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen right lateral region of the lower row at the groin
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen hypogastric	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen middle region of the lower row beneath the naval
	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen left iliac	Anatomical divisions of the abdomen left lateral region of the lower row at the groin
	Clinical divisions of the abdomen Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) Contains:	Clinical divisions of the abdomen contains the majority of liver, gallbladder, small portion of pancreas, right kidney, small intestines, and colon.
	Clinical divisions of the abdomen Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) Contains:	Clinical divisions of the abdomen contains small intestines and colon, right ovary and fallopian tube, appendix, and right ureter
	Clinical divisions of the abdomen Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) Contains:	Clinical divisions of the abdomen contains small portion of liver, spleen, stomach, majority of pancreas, left kidney, small intestines, and colon
	Clinical divisions of the abdomen Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) Contains:	Clinical divisions of the abdomen Contains small intestines and colon, left ovary and fallopian tube, and left ureter
	Clinical divisions of the abdomen Midline organs	Clinical divisions of the abdomen uterus, bladder, prostate gland
	Body Cavities abdominal cavity	Body Cavities The superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity
	Body Cavities abdominopelvic cavity	Body Cavities A ventral cavity consisting of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. It contains digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs
	Body Cavities cranial cavity	Body Cavities a dorsal body cavity. It is within the skull and contains the brain.
	Body Cavities diaphragm	Body Cavities The major muscle of inspiration. It separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity.
	Body Cavities Mediastinum	Body Cavities The central region of the chest cavity. It contains the organs between the lungs, including the heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea
	Body Cavities Parietal layer	Body Cavities The outer pleural layer around the lungs. It lines the inside of the chest cavity
	Body Cavities Parietal peritoneum	Body Cavities The outer layer of the serous membrane sac lining the abdominopelvic cavity
	Body Cavities Parietal pleura	Body Cavities The outer layer of the serous membrane sac ling the thoracic cavity
	Body Cavities Pelvic Cavity	Body Cavities The inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity
	Body Cavities Pericardial Cavity	Body Cavities Cavity formed by the serous membrane sac surrounding the heart
	Body Cavities Peritoneum	Body Cavities The outer layer of the uterous
	Body Cavities Pleura	Body Cavities A protective double layer of serous membrane around the lungs. The parietal membrane is the outer layer and the visceral layer is the inner membrane. It secretes a thin, watery fluid to reduce friction associated with lung movement.
	Body Cavities Pleural Cavity	Body Cavities Cavity formed by the serous membrane sac surrounding the lungs
	Body Cavities Spinal Cavity	Body Cavities A dorsal body cavity within the spinal column that contains the spinal cord
	Body Cavities Thoracic Cavity	Body Cavities A ventral body cavity in the chest area that contains the lungs and heart
	Body Cavities Visceral Layer	Body Cavities The inner pleural layer. It adheres to the surface of the lung
	Body Cavities Visceral Peritoneum	Body Cavities The inner layer of the the serous membrane sac encasing the abdominopelvic viscera
	Body Cavities Visceral Pleura	Body Cavities The inner layer of the serous membrane sac encasing the thoracic viscera
	Body Regions Abdominal region	Body Regions Abs
	Body Regions Brachial region	Body Regions The arm regions of the body
	Body Regions Cephalic region	Body Regions The entire head
	Body Regions Cervical region	Body Regions The neck
	Body Regions Crural region	Body Regions Lower extremities or legs
	Body Regions Dorsum	Body Regions The back
	Body Regions Gluteal region	Body Regions Butt
	Body Regions Lower extremities	Body Regions Crural, legs
	Body Regions Pelvic region	Body Regions Pelvis
	Body Regions Pubic region	Body Regions Groin
	Body Regions Thoracic region	Body Regions The chest
	Body Regions Trunk	Body Regions The torso
	Body Regions Upper extremities	Body Regions Brachial region, arms
	Body Regions Vertebral region	Body Regions Spine
	Body Planes Coronal plane	Body Planes A vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior or ventral) and back (posterior or dorsal) sections. Also called the frontal plane.
	Body Planes Coronal section	Body Planes Sectional view of the body produced by a cut along the frontal plane; also called a frontal section.
	Body Planes Cross-section	Body Planes An internal view of the body produced by a slice perpendicular to the long axis of the structure
	Body Planes Frontal plane	Body Planes A vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior or ventral) and back (posterior or dorsal) sections. Also called the coronal plane.
	Body Planes Frontal section	Body Planes Sectional view of the body produced by a cut along the frontal plane; also called a coronal section.
	Body Planes Horizontal plane	Body Planes A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections. Also called the transverse plane.
	Body Planes Longitudinal section	Body Planes An internal view of the body produced by a lengthwise slice along the long axis of a structure
	Body Planes Median plane	Body Planes Plane that runs lengthwise from front to back and divides the body or any of its parts into right and left portions; also called the sagittal plane
	Body Planes Sagittal plane	Body Planes Vertical plane that divides the body into left and right sections
	Body Planes Transverse plane	Body Planes A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections. Also called the horizontal plane.
	Body Planes Transverse section	Body Planes A sectional view of the body produced by a cut along the transverse plane
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Integumentary	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Dermatology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Musculoskeletal	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Orthopedics Orthopedic surgery
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Cardiovascular (CV)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Cardiology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Hematic System (Blood)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Hematology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Lymphatic	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Immunology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Respiratory	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Otorhinolaryngology Pulmonology Thoracic surgery
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Digestive or Gastrointestinal (GI)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Gastroenterology Proctology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Urinary	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Nephrology Urology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Female reproductive	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Gynecology (GYN) Obstetrics (OB)
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Male reproductive	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Urology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Endocrine	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Endocrinology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Nervous	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Neurology
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Medical Specialty Special senses	Organ Systems of the Human Body Medical Specialty --> System Ophtalmology Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Integumentary	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System Skin, Hair, Nails, Sweat glands, Sebaceous glands
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Musculoskeletal (MS)	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Bones, Joints, Muscles
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Cardiovascular (CV)	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Heart, Arteries, Veins
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Hematic (Blood)	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Plasma, Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Platelets
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Lymphatic	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Lymph nodes, Lymphatic vessels, Spleen, Thymus gland, Tonsils
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Respiratory	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Nasal cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchial tubes, Lungs
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Digestive or Gastrointestinal (GI)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Urinary	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Female reproductive	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System Ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breasts
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Male reproductive	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System testes, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Endocrine	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Nervous	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System brain, spinal cord, nerves
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Structures Special Senses	Organ Systems of the Human Body Structures --> System Eye, Ear
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Integumentary	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Forms protective two-way barrier and aids in temperature regulation
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Musculoskeletal (MS)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Skeleton supports and protects he body, forms blood cells, and stores minerals. Muscles produce movement.
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Cardiovascular (CV)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Hematic (Blood)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and controls bleeding.
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Lymphatic	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Protects the body from disease and invasion from pathogens
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Respiratory	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Digestive or Gastrointestinal (GI)	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Ingests, digests, and absorbs nutrients for the body
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Urinary	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Filters waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Female reproductive	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Produces eggs for reproduction and provides place for growing baby
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Male reproductive	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Produces sperm for reproduction
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Endrocrine	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Regulates metabolic activities of the body
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Nervous	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Receives sensory information and coordinates the body's response
	Organ Systems of the Human Body System --> Function Special senses Eye Ear	Organ Systems of the Human Body Function --> System Vision Hearing and balance
	Cell membrane	the outermost boundary of the cell
	cytology	the study of cells
	cytoplasm	the watery internal environment of a cell
	nucleus	organelle of the cell that contains the DNA
	cell	the basic unit of all living things. All tissues and organs in the body are composed of. They perform survival functions such as reproduction, respiration, metabolism, and excretion. Some are also able to carry on specialized functions
	connective tissue	the supporting and protecting tissue in body structures. Ex: fat or adipose tissue, cartilage, and bones
	epithelial tissue	tissue found throughout the body as the skin, the outer covering of organs, and the inner lining for tubular or hollow structures
	histology	the study of tissue
	muscle tissue	tissue that is able to contract and shorten its length, thereby producing movement. May be under voluntary control or involuntary control
	nervous tissue	conducts electrical impulses to and from the brain and the rest of the body
	cardiac muscle	the involuntary muscle found in the heart
	muscle fibers	the bundles of muscle tissue that form a muscle
	skeletal muscle	a voluntary muscle that is attached to bones by a tendon
	smooth muscle	an involuntary muscle found in internal organs such as the digestive organs or blood vessels
	epithelium	epithelial tissue composed of close-packed cells that form the covering for and lining the body structures
	adipose	a type of connective tissue. also called fat. It also stores energy and provides protective padding for underlying structures
	bone	a type of connective tissue and an organ of the musculoskeletal system. They provide support for the body and serve as sites of muscle attachments
	cartilage	Strong flexible connective tissue found in several locations in the body
	tendons	the strong connective tissue cords that attach skeletal muscles to bones
	brain	One of the largest organs. Center for all thought, memory, judgement and emotion.
	nerves	structures in the nervous system that conduct electrical impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and other organs
	neuron	the name for an individual nerve cell. They group together to form nerves and other nervous tissue
	spinal cord	Provides a pathway for impulses traveling to and from the brain. It is a column of nerve fibers that extends from the medulla oblongata of the brain down to the level of the second lumbar vertebra

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