• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/20

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

A nurse is caring for a client who just had a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider?




A- pink-tinged urine


B- Painful urination


C- Stress Incontinence


D-Retrograde ejaculation

B-Painful Urination: could be a sign of a UTI; all the rest are normal findings post TURP

A nurse is caring for a client who is having chronic renal faliure. When providing education on nutrition, which of the following statements is appropriate for the nurse to say?




A- "You should limit your fluid intake"


B- "You should eat a diet high in potassium"


C- "You should eat a diet high in phosphorus"


D- "You should eat a diet high in protein."

Correct-A "You should limit your fluid intake"-the client who has chronic renal failure needs to avoid hypervolemia, or excessive fluid overload, by following the prescribed fluid restriction each day.




Incorrect-B limit potassium because the kidneys are unable to excrete it, which can lead to hyperkalemia


Incorrect-C The client should limit phosphorus because the kidneys are unable to excrete it


Incorrect-D The client should eat a low-protein diet to avoid an increase in serum BUN levels

A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone a non-related living donor kidney transplant. On the 5th postoperative day, the nurse notes that the client has gained 1 kg of body weight since the previous day. Which of the following findings are also found in a client who is experiencing a kidney rejection?




A- Blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg


B- Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL


C- Sodium 137 mg/dL


D- Urinary output 100 mL/hr

Correct-A Blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg-kidney rejection is accompanied by kidney failure. Due to the kidney's role in fluid and blood pressure regulation, the client experiencing rejection will typically be hypertensive




Incorrect-B/C within expected reference range


Incorrect-D The client who is experiencing kidney rejection will typically have a decreased urine output, either anuria (no urine output) or oliguria (less than 30 mL/hr)

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following is a complication of this procedure?




A- Constipation


B- Metabolic acidosis


C- Hypoglycemia


D- Peritonitis

Correct-D Peritonitis is a complication of peritoneal dialysis. Prevention of this complication requires using sterile technique, closed-sterile instillation and drainage systems, and obtaining frequent cultures of the peritoneal drainage




Incorrect-A Constipation is not a complication of peritoneal dialysis. Due to electrolyte shifts, diarrhea is a complication that can occur.


Incorrect-B Metabolic alkalosis can occur if the dialysis is prolonged since dialysate contains 45 mEq/L of sodium acetate or lactate, and both are metabolized to bicarbonate.


Incorrect-C Hypoglycemia is a complication found in clients who have diabetes mellitis and clients receiving hypertonic dialysate



A nurse is providing education to a client who has chronic renal failure. Which of the following should the nurse tell the clinet to increase in her diet?




A- Calcium


B- Phosphorus


C- Potassium


D- Sodium

Correct-A The client should supplement calcium in her diet because the kidneys are unable to activate calcium through the gastrointestinal tract.




Incorrect-B/C The client does not require additional phosphorous or potassium because they cannot be excreted by the kidneys.


Incorrect-D The client may have hypertension causing an inability to excrete fluid via the kidneys. Sodium promotes fluid retention; therefore, sodium consumption should be restricted for the client.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a renal tumor. The client will undergo a renal biopsy. Which of the following client care should the nurse provide?




A- Instruct the client that there is NPO 8 hr following the procedure


B- Assess the client for a history of shellfish or iodine allergies prior to the procedure


C- Maintain bed rest for 4-12 hr following the procedure


D- Obtain a BUN and creatinine clearance prior to the procedure

Correct-C A renal biopsy involves a skin biopsy through needle insertion into the lower lobe of the kidney. Bed rest will be maintained for 4-12 hr following the procedure




Incorrect-A Food and fluids will be restricted 8 hr prior to the procedure


Incorrect-B A contrast media is not indicated


Incorrect-D Pretests include a hematological study for evaluation, such as a CBC, bleedint time, PTT, platelet count and type, and a crossmatch for a possible blood transfusion in the event of hemorrhaging following the procedure

A nurse is teaching a client who is scheduled for a vasectomy about the procedure. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the procedure?




A- "I should avoid having sex for at least 2 weeks after the surgery."


B- "I will no longer be capable of producing sperm."


C- "If I reverse this surgery, I will be as fertile as before."


D- "I need to have two follow-up negative sperm counts."

Correct-D Sperm can remain viable in the vas deferens for up to 6 months; therefore to ensure that the client is infertile, most sources recommend two follow-up negative sperm counts.




Incorrect-A Intercourse following a vasectomy can usually resume after 1 week. However, contraceptive measures must be used until after sperm analyses are negative.


Incorrect-B Sperm production continues in the testes after a vasectomy, but without the vas deferens there is no pathway for ejaculation of the sperm.


Incorrect-C The client needs to understand that the vasectomy is intended to be permanent. Although reanastomosis of the vas deferens is usually successful, fertility rates decline with the passage of time.

A nurse is collecting a 24-hr creatinine clearance. During the collection, the client accidentally discards a specimen. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?




A- Continue the collection, noting the loss on the lab slip


B- Add 1 hr to the collection time


C- Discard the previous collected urine and start the collection again.


D- Discontinue the collection and draw a serum creatinine

Correct-C If a specimen is lost or contaminated in any way during the 24-hr collection period, the process must begin again. All urine voided in 24 hr must be collected, or the test results will not be valid.




Incorrect-A This will provide false results because the values would be based on less than a 24-hr collection of all voided urine


Incorrect-B The collection time is 24 hr and additional time should not be added due to loss of a specimen.


Incorrect-D A 24-hr creatinine is measured by urine collection only

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL). Which of the following findingis should the nurse report to the provider?




A- An arrhythmia on the ECG


B- 300 mL of pink-tinged urine


C- Bruising on the affected flank area


D- Gravel fragments in the urine

Correct-A ESWL is the application of sound, laser, or dry shock wave energies to break a stone into small pieces. During the procedure, clients are monitored via an ECG. Between 500-1500 shock waves may be administered in 30-45 minutes. The shock waves are initiated during the R wave of the ECG to prevent arrhythmia, and if any are detected, this should be reported to the provider immediately.




Incorrect-B/C/D Expected findings following ESWL

A nurse is caring for a client who is suspected to have a urinary tract infection (UTI). The provider prescribes a urine specimen. Which of the following findings should confirm to the nurse that an upper UTI involving the kidneys is present?




A- Bacteria


B- White blood cells


C- Casts


D- Ketones

Correct-C Casts are protein structures that are precipitated in the renal tubules. Presence of these in the urine indicates a pathologic condition of the kidney.




Incorrect-A/B Bacteria and WBC (which indicate infection) are present in a urinalysis of any client who has a UTI


Incorrect-D Ketones found in urine are associated with ketoacidosis which is associated with hyperglycemia, not a UTI



A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of renal calculi. The client reports severe right flank pain and nausea. Which of the following is a priority nursing action?




A- Relieve pain


B- Push fluids


C- Monitor I & O


D- Strain urine

Correct- A The priority nursing action for the client should be pain relief. The pain associated with renal calculi is severe and should be addressed immediately.



Incorrect-B Although the nurse should push fluids, it is not the priorty action


Incorrect-C Monitoring I & O should be part of the routine care for the client, but is not the priority at this time


Incorrect-D The nurse should strain the client's urine, but this action does not address the client's immediate need; therefore, this is not the priority action

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of cystitis. Which of the following statements indicates that the client needs additional teaching about the condition?




A- "I try to empty my bladder every 2 to 3 hours"


B- "I drink 2 to 3 quarts of fluids a day"


C- "I prefer to take baths instead of showers."


D- "I use an oral contraceptive for birth control."

Correct-C Women who have frequent urinary tract infections are encouraged to take showers rather than tub baths. A tub bath is more likely to cause irritation and contamination of the urethra; therefore leading to frequent UTIs




Incorrect-A This measure is appropriate and prevents urinary stasis, which is a leading cause of UTIs


Incorrect-B A fluid intake of 2000-3000 ml/day is ideal to provide natural irrigation and prevent urinary stasis


Incorrect D This measure does not affect the urinary tract and has no correlation to the frequent episodes of urinary tract infections experienced by the client.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving hemodialysis via the left arteriovenous fistula. Which of the following statements made by the nurse is appropriate to include while teaching the client about self-care?




A- "Check the site hourly for patency"


B- "Apply lotion to your arms"


C- "Avoid tight clothing around your arms"


D- "Sleep on the left side"

Correct-C Tight clothing may decrease the blood flow and cause clotting




Incorrect-A It is only necessary to check the access site twice daily for adequate blood flow.


Incorrect-B The use of creams and lotions should be avoided over the access site to prevent infection.


Incorrect-D Sleeping on the same side as the access site may cause impairment of blood flow and clotting to occur

A nurse is caring for a client receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse notes that the client's dialysate output is less than the input, the abdomen is distended, and the client is reporting pain. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?




A- Infuse an additional amount of dialysate


B- Administer pain medication to the client


C- Change the client's position


D- Ask the client to ambulate

Correct-C Dilaysate solution is infused through a catheter in the abdominal wall into the peritoneal space. If the client appears to be retaining the dialysate solution, the client should change position to facilitate the drainage of the solution from the peritoneal cavity.




Incorrect-A This will compound the problem. The solution should be withheld.


Incorrect-B Peritoneal dialysis is often positional. Repositioning the client is needed to facilitate drainage. Pain medication is not needed in this situation.


Incorrect-D The client should not ambulate for 6 hrs following peritoneal dialysis.

A nurse is caring for a client with acute pyelonephritis. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse regarding home care?




A- "You should complete the entire cycle of antibiotic therapy."


B- "You should maintain complete bed rest until manifestations decrease."


C- "You should drink 1,000 mL of fluid per day"


D- "You should weight yourself daily."

Correct-A-It is important that the client take the full prescription of the antibiotic therapy to decrease the chance of regrowth of the causative organism.




Incorrect-B Ambulation helps prevent complications of bed rest such as constipation and urinary stasis.


Incorrect-C The client should consume 2,000-3,000 mL in 24 hr


Incorrect-D This action is not indicated for acute pyelonephritis. I&O should be monitored and fluids encouraged.

A nurse is caring for a client who is to undergo a cystoscopy. When educating a client on post-procedure expectations, which of the following should the nurse state?




A- "It will be necessary to keep the sutures clean."


B- "You will be placed in the dorsal recumbent postion"


C- "Expect to be on bed rest for 24 hours."


D- "Pink-tinged urine and burning while urinating can be expected."

Correct-D Cystoscopy is a direct look inside the client's bladder through a small camera that is inserted through the urethra. It is a common test used to look for causes of bleeding in the urine and other bladder problems. Following the procedure, pink-tinged urine and burning on urination can be expected.




Incorrect-A There are no incisions, therefore no sutures.


Incorrect-B They will be placed in a lithotomy position.


Incorrect-C Bed rest may be prescribed for a short period of time depending on the type of anesthetic administered.

A nurse is caring for a client who was brought to the emergency department following an accident. The nurse suspects a ruptured bladder. Which of the following findings is consistent with this diagnosis?




A- Anuria


B- Hematuria


C- Pyuria


D- Fever



Correct-B the chief manifestations of a ruptured bladder are hematuria, pelvic pain, and oliguria.




Incorrect-A Anuria is seen in urethral obstruction or renal failure, not in ruptured bladder


Incorrect-C/D These are signs of infection, not ruptured bladder



A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?




A- WBC of 6,000/mm3


B- Potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L


C- Frothy, pale yello0w drainage


D- Abdominal fullness

Correct-B-The nurse should recognize that this potassium level is slightly decreased. Potassium can be pulled out of the bloodstream during dialysis placing the client at risk for cardiac arrhythmias.




Incorrect-A This is within the expected reference range.


Incorrect-C This is a normal finding and the protein causes the drainage to be frothy.


Incorrect-D This is a normal finding, especially during the dwell period after the dialysate solution has been infused into the peritoneal cavity

A nurse is assessing a client in the oliguric anuric stage of acute renal failure. The assessment reveals a respiratory rate of 28/min, and the client reports nausea, a dull headache, palpitations, and general malaise. Which of the following is a priority action?




A- Administer an analgesic


B- Check the latest electrolyte values


C- Administer an antiemetic


D- Check oxygen levels.

Correct-B The nurse should check the client's latest potassium level since these symptoms indicate hyperkalemia, which can lead to death; therefore, this is the priority action.




Incorrect-A/B/C These are not priorities since the client is exhibiting symptoms of an increased potassium level.

A nurse is providing education about prostate health to a group of clients. Which of the following is an appropriate statement for the nurse to make in regard to a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test?




A- "You should fast for 8 hour prior to having a PSA specimen obtained


B- "Yearly PSA screening should begin at age 40 in all men."


C- "Normal PSA values decrease as you get older"


D- "The PSA test should not be performed for 48 hours following a digital rectal exam."

Correct-D Digital examination prior to blood testing may lead to falsely elevated levels of PSA. PSA is a glycoprotein that is found only in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the prostate.




Incorrect-A Fasting is not necessary prior to this procedure.


Incorrect-B The American Urologic Association recommends that all men begin yearly PSA testing at the age of 50. Men with a strong family history of prostate cancer or men of African decent should discuss with their provider the possible benefits of initiating testing at a younger age.


Incorrect-C Older men may have slighly higher PSA measurements than younger men.