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574 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
a-, an-
Denotes an absence of, without
Apathy, Analgia
ab-
away from
Abduction
abdomin(o)-
Of or relating to the abdomen
Abdomen
-ac, -acal
pertaining to
"cardiac, hydrophobiac,
acanth(o)-
thorn or spine
acanthion, acanthocyte, acanthoma, acanthulus
acetabulo-
small cup
acetabulum
acous(io)-
Of or relating to hearing
acoumeter, acoustician
acr(o)-
extremity, topmost
Acrocrany, acromegaly, acroosteolysis, acroposthia
-acusis
hearing
paracusis
-ad
toward, in the direction of
dorsad
ad-
increase, adherence, motion toward, very
Adduction
aden(o)-, aden(i)-
Of or relating to a gland
Adenocarcinoma, adenology, adenotome, adenotyphus
adip(o)-
Of or relating to fat or fatty tissue
Adipocyte
adren(o)-
Of or relating to adrenal glands
adrenal artery
-aemia
blood condition
Anaemia
aer(o)-
air, gas
Aerosinusitis
aesthesio-
sensation
Anesthesia
-al
pertaining to
abdominal
alb-
Denoting a white or pale color
Albino
alg(i)o-
pain
Myalgia
alge(si)-
pain
Analgesic
-algia
pain
Myalgia
allo-
Denoting something as different, or as an addition
Alloantigen, allopathy
ambi-
Denoting something as positioned on both sides; Describing both of two
Ambidextrous
amnio-
Pertaining to the membranous fetal sac (amnion)
Amniocentesis
amph-, amphi-
on both sides
Amphicrania, amphismela, amphomycin
an-
not, without
Analgesia
an(o)
anus
a-, an-
Denotes an absence of, without
Apathy, Analgia
ab-
away from
Abduction
abdomin(o)-
Of or relating to the abdomen
Abdomen
-ac, -acal
pertaining to
"cardiac, hydrophobiac,
acanth(o)-
thorn or spine
acanthion, acanthocyte, acanthoma, acanthulus
acetabulo-
small cup
acetabulum
acous(io)-
Of or relating to hearing
acoumeter, acoustician
acr(o)-
extremity, topmost
Acrocrany, acromegaly, acroosteolysis, acroposthia
-acusis
hearing
paracusis
-ad
toward, in the direction of
dorsad
ad-
increase, adherence, motion toward, very
Adduction
aden(o)-, aden(i)-
Of or relating to a gland
Adenocarcinoma, adenology, adenotome, adenotyphus
adip(o)-
Of or relating to fat or fatty tissue
Adipocyte
adren(o)-
Of or relating to adrenal glands
adrenal artery
-aemia
blood condition
Anaemia
aer(o)-
air, gas
Aerosinusitis
aesthesio-
sensation
Anesthesia
-al
pertaining to
abdominal
alb-
Denoting a white or pale color
Albino
alg(i)o-
pain
Myalgia
alge(si)-
pain
Analgesic
-algia
pain
Myalgia
allo-
Denoting something as different, or as an addition
Alloantigen, allopathy
ambi-
Denoting something as positioned on both sides; Describing both of two
Ambidextrous
amnio-
Pertaining to the membranous fetal sac (amnion)
Amniocentesis
amph-, amphi-
on both sides
Amphicrania, amphismela, amphomycin
an-
not, without
Analgesia
andr(o)-
pertaining to a man
Andrology, android
angi(o)-
blood vessel
Angiogram
aniso-
Describing something as unequal
Anisotropic, anisocytosis
ankyl(o)-, ancyl(o)-
Denoting something as crooked or bent
Ankylosis
ante-
Describing something as positioned in front of another thing
antepartum
antero-
forward
anterior, anterograde
anti-
Describing something as 'against' or 'opposed to' another
Antibody, antipsychotic
apo-
separated from, derived from
Apoptosis
arbor-
tree
arboreal, arborization
arch(i,e,o)
first, primitive
archinephron : first formed kidney
arteri(o)-
Of or pertaining to an artery
Artery, Arteriole
arthr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the joints, limbs
Arthritis
articul(o)-
joint
Articulation
-ary
pertaining to
bilary tract
-ase
enzyme
Lactase
ast-, astro-
star
aster, astrocyte
-asthenia
weakness
Myasthenia gravis
ather(o)-
fatty deposit, Soft gruel-like deposit
atherosclerosis
-ation
process
Habitation, Lubrication
atri(o)-
an atrium (esp. heart atrium)
atrioventricular
aur(i)-
Of or pertaining to the ear
Aural
aut(o)-
self
Autoimmune
aux(o)-
increase; growth
auxocardia : enlargement of the heart
axi-
axis, straight line
axial, axoneme, axon
axill-
of or pertaining to the armpit
Axilla
azo(to)
nitrogenous compound
azothermia : raised temperature due to nitrogenous substances in blood
balano-
Of the glans penis or glans clitoridis
Balanitis
baro-
pressure
baroreceptor, hyperbaric
bene-
good, well
benign, beneficial
bi-
twice, double
Binary
bili-
bile
biliary, bilirubin
bio-
life
Biology
blast(o)-
germ or bud
Blastomere
blephar(o)-
Of or pertaining to the eyelid
Blepharoplast
brachi(o)-
Of or relating to the arm
Brachium of inferior colliculus
brachy-
Indicating 'short' or less commonly 'little'
brachycephalic
brady-
'slow'
Bradycardia
bronch(i)-
bronchus
Bronchiolitis obliterans
bucc(o)-
Of or pertaining to the cheek
Buccolabial
burs(o)-
bursa (fluid sac between the bones)
Bursitis
calc-
calcium, stone
calcaneus, hypocalcemia
callo-
thick
callus, callosum
calori-
heat
calorie, calorimetry, calorigenic
calv-, calvari-
bald, skull
calvaria
calyx
cup, vessel, chalice
glycocalyx, renal calyx
capill-
Of or pertaining to hair
Capillus
capit-
Pertaining to the head (as a whole)
Capitation
capni-
smoke, carbon dioxide
hypocapnia
carcin(o)-
cancer
Carcinoma
cardi(o)-
of or pertaining to the heart
Cardiology
carp(o)-
of or pertaining to the wrist
Carpopedal
case-
cheese
caseosa, casein
cata-
down, under
Cataract
cauda-
tail
cauda equina, caudate nucleus
-cel
little
pedicel
-cele
pouching, hernia
Hydrocele
celi-
belly, abdomen
celiac
-centesis
surgical puncture for aspiration
Amniocentesis
centri-
center, middle
centromere, centriole
cephal(o)-
Of or pertaining to the head (as a whole)
Cephalalgy
cerat(o)-
Of or pertaining to the cornu; a horn
Ceratoid
cerebell(o)-
Of or pertaining to the cerebellum
Cerebellum
cerebr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the brain
Cerebrology
cervic-
Of or pertaining to the neck, the cervix
Cervicodorsal
chem(o)-
chemistry, drug
Chemotherapy
chiasm-
cross, x
optic chiasm
chir(o)-, cheir(o)-
Of or pertaining to the hand
Chiropractor
chlor(o)-
Denoting a green color
Chlorophyll
choano-
funnel
choana
chol(e)-
Of or pertaining to bile
Cholaemia
cholecyst(o)-
Of or pertaining to the gallbladder
Cholecystectomy
chondr(i)o-
cartilage, gristle, granule, granular
Chondrocalcinosis
chrom(ato)-
color
Hemochromatosis
chrono-
time
chronotropic, chronic
-cidal, -cide
killing, destroying
bacteriocidal
cili-
Of or pertaining to the cilia, the eyelashes; eyelids
Ciliary
circum-
Denoting something as 'around' another
Circumcision
cisterna
reservoir
cisterna chyli
clast
break
osteoclast
clavi-
hammer, club, key
clavicle, supraclavicular
-cle
little
tubercle, corpuscle
cleido-
clavicle
sternocleidomastoid
cnemo-
lower leg
gastrocnemius
co-
with, together, in association
coenzymes
col-, colo-, colono-
colon
Colonoscopy
colp(o)-
Of or pertaining to the vagina
Colposcopy
com-
with, together
communicate
contra
against
Contraindicate
cor-
with, together
correlate
cor-, core-, coro-
Of or pertaining to eye's pupil
Corectomy
cordi-
Of or pertaining to the heart
Commotio cordis
cornu-, corni-
Applied to processes and parts of the body describing them likened or similar to horns
cornified, corniculate, cornu
coron(o)-
heart
coronary
corpo-
body, bodily
"corpus luteum,
corti-
bark, rind
cortex, cortical
cost(o)-
Of or pertaining to the ribs
Costochondral
cox-
Of or relating to the hip, haunch, or hip-joint
Coxopodite
crani(o)-
Belonging or relating to the cranium
Craniology
cribri-
sieve, strainer
cribriform, area cribrosa
-crine
to secrete
Endocrine
crista-
crest
crista galli, mitochondrial crista
crito-
to separate
hematocrit
cruci-
cross
cruciate ligament
cry(o)-
cold
Cryoablation
-cule, -culus
small
canaliculus, trabecula, auricular
cune-
wedge
cuneiform, cuneatus
cutane-, cuti-
skin
Subcutaneous
cyan(o)-
Denotes a blue color
Cyanopsia
cyst(o)-, cyst(i)-
Of or pertaining to the urinary bladder
Cystotomy
cyt(o)-
cell
Cytokine
-cyte
cell
Leukocyte
dacryo-
excise
dacryocystorhinostomy
dactyl(o)-
Of or pertaining to a finger, toe
Dactylology
de-
away from, cessation, down
defecate, deglutition, dehydration
demi-
half
demifacet, demilune
dendro-
tree, branch
dendrite, oligodendrocyte
dent-
Of or pertaining to teeth
Dentist
dermat(o)-, derm(o)-
Of or pertaining to the skin
Dermatology
-desis
binding
arthrodesis
desmo-
band, bond, ligament
desmosome, syndesmosis
dextr(o)-
right, on the right side
Dextrocardia
di-
two
Diplopia
digit-
Of or pertaining to the finger [rare as a root]
Digit
-dipsia
suffix meaning "(condition of) thirst"'
polydipsia hydroadipsia, oligodipsia
dis-
separation, taking apart
Dissection
diure-
pass through, urinate
diuretic, diuresis
dors(o)-, dors(i)-
Of or pertaining to the back
dorsal, Dorsocephalad
duc-
to carry
duct, adduction, abducens
duodeno-
duodenum, twelve: upper part of the small intestine (twelve inches long on average), connects to the stomach
Duodenal atresia
-dynia
pain
Vulvodynia
dys-
bad, difficult
Dysphagia, dysphasia
e-
out
ejaculate, eversion
-eal
pertaining to
esaphogeal
ect(o)-
outer, outside
Ectopic pregnancy
-ectasis, -ectasia
expansion, dilation
Bronchiectasis, Telangiectasia
-ectomy
Denotes a surgical operation or removal of a body part. Resection, excision
Mastectomy
ef-
out of
efferent, effusion
-el, -elle
small
fontanel, organelle, micelle
electro-
electricity
electrocardiogram, electrolyte
em-
in, within
embolism, embedded
-emesis
vomiting condition
Hematemesis
-emia
blood condition (AmE)
Anemia
en-
in, into
enzyme, parenchyma
encephal(o)-
Of or pertaining to the brain. Also see Cerebro.
Encephalogram
enchymo-
poured in
mesenchyme, parenchyma
endo-
Denotes something as 'inside' or 'within'
Endocrinology, Endospore
enter(o)-
Of or pertaining to the intestine
Gastroenterology
eosin(o)-
Red
Eosinophil granulocyte
epi-
[Same as Greek meaning: on, upon]
Epistaxis, epicardium, episclera, epidural
episi(o)-
Of or pertaining to the pubic region, the loins
Episiotomy
erythr(o)-
Denotes a red color
Erythrocyte
eu-
true, good, well, new
Eukaryote
ex-
out of, away from
Exophthalmos
exo-
Denotes something as 'outside' another
Exoskeleton
extra-
outside
Extradural hematoma
faci(o)-
Of or pertaining to the face
Facioplegic
fasci-
band, bundle
fascia, fascicle
fenestr-
window
fenestrated
fer-
to carry
efferent, uriniferous
ferri-
iron
ferritin, transferrin
fibr(o)
fiber
Fibroblast
flagello-
whip
flagellum
foli-
leaf
folic acid, folia
-form
shape
cuneiform, fusiform
-form, -iform
Used to form adjectives indicating 'having the form of'
Cuneiform
fossa
A hollow or depressed area; trench or channel
fossa ovalis
fove-
pit, depression
fovea
front-
Of or pertaining to the forehead
Frontonasal
funiculo-
little rope, cord
funiculus
fusi-
spindle
fusiform
galact(o)-
milk
Galactorrhea
gamo-
marriage, union
monogamy, gamete
gastr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the stomach
Gastric bypass
-gen
(1) Denotes the sense 'born in, from' (2) Denotes the sense 'of a certain kind'
(1) Endogen; (2) Heterogenous
-genic
Formative, pertaining to producing
Cardiogenic shock
genu-
Of or pertaining to the knee
Genu valgum
germi-
sprout, bud
germinal, germinativum
gero-
old age
progeria, geriatrics, gerontology
gingiv-
Of or pertaining to the gums
Gingivitis
glauc(o)-
Denoting a grey or bluish-grey colour
Glaucoma
glia-
glue
neuroglia, microglia
globu-
ball, sphere
globulin, hemoglobin
glom-
ball
glomerulus
gloss(o)-, glott(o)-
Of or pertaining to the tongue
Glossology
gluco-
glucose
Glucocorticoid
glyco-
sugar
Glycolysis
gnath(o)-
Of or pertaining to the jaw
Gnathodynamometer
-gnosis
knowledge
diagnosis, prognosis
gon(o)-
seed, semen; also, reproductive
Gonorrhea
gradi-
walk, step
retrograde, gradient
-gram, -gramme
record or picture
Angiogram
-graph
to record
Electrocardiograph
-graphy
process of recording
Angiography
gravi-
severe, heavy
gravid, myasthenia gravis
gyn(aec)o- , gyn(ec)o- (AmE)
woman
Gynecomastia
gyro-
turn, twist
gyrus
halluc-
to wander in mind
Hallucinosis
hema or hemo-
blood (AmE)
Hematological malignancy
hemangi or hemangio-
blood vessels
hemangioma
hemat-, haemato- (haem-, hem-)
Of or pertaining to blood
Hematology, older form Haematology
hemi-
one-half
Cerebral hemisphere
-hemia
blood condition
polycythemia
hemo-
blood
hemophilia, hemoglobin, hematology
hepat- (hepatic-)
Of or pertaining to the liver
Hepatology
heter(o)-
Denotes something as 'the other' (of two), as an addition, or different
Heterogeneous
hidr(o)-
sweat
Hyperhidrosis
hist(o)-, histio-
tissue
Histology
holo-
whole, entire
holistic, holocrine
hom(o)-
the same as another or common
Homosexuality
home(o)-
similar
Homeopathy
humer(o)-
Of or pertaining to the shoulder (or [rarely] the upper arm)
Humerus
hyalo-
clear, glassy
hyaline, hyaluronic acid
hydr(o)-
water
Hydrophobe
hyp(o)-
Denotes something as 'below normal'
Hypovolemia,
hyper-
Denotes something as 'extreme' or 'beyond normal'
Hypertension
hyster(o)-
Of or pertaining to the womb, the uterus
Hysterectomy
-i-asis
condition
Mydriasis
iatr(o)-
Of or pertaining to medicine, or a physician [uncommon as a prefix; common as as suffix, see -iatry]
Iatrochemistry
-iatry
Denotes a field in medicine of a certain body component
Podiatry, Psychiatry
-ic
pertaining to
Hepatic artery
-icle
small
Ovarian follicle
-ics
organized knowledge, treatment
Obstetrics
idio-
self, one's own
Idiopathic
ileo-
ileum
Ileocecal valve
ilia-
flank, loin
ilium, iliac
-illa, -illus
little
bacillus
-in
protein
trypsin, fibrin, globulin
infra-
below
Infrahyoid muscles
ino-
fiber
inotropic, inositol
insulo-
island
insula, insulin
inter-
between, among
Interarticular ligament
intra-
within
Intracranial hemorrhage
iono-
ion
ionotropic, cationic
irid(o)-
iris
Iridectomy
isch-
Restriction
Ischemia
ischio-
Of or pertaining to the ischium, the hip-joint
Ischiorrhogic
-ism
condition, disease
Dwarfism
-ismus
spasm, contraction
Hemiballismus
iso-
Denoting something as being 'equal'
Isotonic
-issimus
most, greatest
latissimus, longissimus
-ist
one who specializes in
Pathologist
-ite
the nature of, resembling
Hermaphrodite
-itis
inflammation
Tonsillitis
-ium
structure, tissue
pericardium
jug-
to join
conjugated, jugular
juxta-
next to
juxtamedullary, juxtaglomerular
karyo-
nucleus
Eukaryote
kerat(o)-
cornea (eye or skin)
Keratoscope
kin(e)-, kin(o), kinesi(o)-
movement
Kinesthesia
koil(o)-
hollow
Koilocyte
kyph(o)-
humped
Kyphoscoliosis
labi(o)-
Of or pertaining to the lip
Labiodental
lacera-
torn, cut
foramen lacerum, laceration
lacrim(o)-
tear
Lacrimal canaliculi
lact(i)-, lact(o)
milk
Lactation
lamina-
layer
lamina propria, laminar flow
lapar(o)-
Of or pertaining to the abdomen-wall, flank
Laparotomy
laryng(o)-
Of or pertaining to the larynx, the lower throat cavity where the voice box is
Larynx
latero-
lateral
Lateral pectoral nerve
lati-
broad
fascia lata, latissimus dorsi
lei(o)-
smooth
Leiomyoma
-lemma
husk
sarcolemma, neurilemma
lenti-
lens
lentiform
-lepsis, -lepsy
attack, seizure
Epilepsy, narcolepsy
lept(o)-
light, slender
leptospirosis
leuc(o)-, leuk(o)-
Denoting a white color
Leukocyte
levato-
to raise
levator labii, elevation
ligo-
to bind
ligand, ligament
line-
line
linea alba, linea nigra
lingu(a)-, lingu(o)-
Of or pertaining to the tongue
Linguistics
lip(o)-
fat
Liposuction
lith(o)-
stone, calculus
Lithotripsy
-logist
Denotes someone who studies a certain field: _____-logy
Oncologist, pathologist
-logy
Denotes the academic study or practice of a certain field
hematology, urology
lucid-
light, clear
stratum lucidum, zona pellucida
lun-
moon, crescent
lunate, lunule, semilunar
lute-
yellow
macula lutea, corpus luteum
lymph(o)-
lymph
Lymphedema
lys(o)-, -lytic
dissolution
Lysosome
-lysis
Destruction, separation
Paralysis
lyso-, lyto-
split apart, break down
lysosome, hydrolysis, electrolyte, hemolytic
macr(o)-
large, long
Macrophage
macula-
spot
macula lutea, macula densa
-malacia
softening
Osteomalacia
malle-
hammer
malleus, malleolus
mamm(o)-
Of or pertaining to the breast
Mammogram
manu-
Of or pertaining to the hand
Manufacture
mast(o)-
Of or pertaining to the breast
Mastectomy
meg(a)-, megal(o)-, -megaly
enlargement
Splenomegaly
melan(o)-
black color
Melanin
melos
extremity
erythromelalgia
mening(o)-
membrane
Meningitis
meno-
month
menstruation, menopause
mento-
chin
mental, mentalis
mero-
part
merocrine, meroblastic
mes(o)-
middle
Mesoderm
meta-
after, behind
Metacarpus
metabolo-
change
metabolism, metabolite
-meter
instrument used to measure or count
Sphygmomanometer
metr(o)-
Pertaining to conditions or instruments of the uterus
Metrorrhagia
-metry
process of measuring
Optometry
micro-
denoting something as small, or relating to smallness
Microscope
mito-
thread, filament, grain
mitochondria, mitosis
mon(o)-
single
Infectious mononucleosis
morph(o)-
form, shape
Morphology
muscul(o)-
muscle
Musculoskeletal system
muta-
change
mutagen, mutation
my(o)-
Of or relating to muscle
Myoblast
myc(o)-
fungus
Onychomycosis
myel(o)-
Of or relating to bone marrow
Myeloblast
myo-, mysi-
muscle
myoglobin, myosin, epimysium
myring(o)-
eardrum
Myringotomy
myx(o)-
mucus
Myxoma
narc(o)-
numb, sleep
narcolepsy
nas(o)-
Of or pertaining to the nose
nasal
natri-
sodium
hyponatremia, natriuretic
necr(o)-
death
Necrotizing fasciitis
neo-
new
Neoplasm
nephr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the kidney
Nephrology
nerv-
Of or pertaining to nerves and the nervous system [Uncommon as a root: neuro- mostly always used]
Nerve
neur(i)-, neur(o)-
Of or pertaining to nerves and the nervous system
Neurofibromatosis
normo-
normal
Normocapnia
nucleo-
nucleus, kernel
nucleolus, nucleic acid
ocul(o)-
Of or pertaining to the eye
Oculist
odont(o)-
Of or pertaining to teeth
orthodontist
odyn(o)-
pain
stomatodynia
-oid
resemblance to
Sarcoidosis
ole
small or little
arteriole
olig(o)-
Denoting something as 'having little, having few'
Oligotrophy
om(o)-
Of or pertaining to the shoulder
Omoplate
-oma (singular), -omata (plural)
tumor, mass, collection
Sarcoma, Teratoma
omphal(o)-
Of or pertaining to the navel, the umbilicus
Omphalotomy
onco-
tumor, bulk, volume
Oncology
onych(o)-
Of or pertaining to the nail (of a finger or toe)
Onychophagy
oo-
Of or pertaining to the an egg, a woman's egg, the ovum
Oogenesis
oophor(o)-
Of or pertaining to the woman's ovary
Oophorectomy
ophthalm(o)-
Of or pertaining to the eye
Ophthalmology
-opsy
viewing, to see
biopsy, rhodopsin
optic(o)-
Of or relating to chemical properties of the eye
Opticochemical
or(o)-
Of or pertaining to the mouth
Oral
orbi-
Circle
orbicularis, orbit
orchi(o)-, orchid(o)-, orch(o)-
testis
Orchiectomy, Orchidectomy
orth(o)-
Denoting something as straight or correct
Orthodontist
-osis
a condition, disease or increase
Harlequin type ichthyosis, Psychosis, osteoperosis
osmo-
push
osmosis, chemiosmotic
ossi-
bone
Peripheral ossifying fibroma
ost(e)-, oste(o)-
bone
Osteoporosis
ot(o)-
Of or pertaining to the ear
Otopathy
ovari(o)-
Of or pertaining to the ovaries
Ovariectomy
ovo-, ovi-, ov-
Of or pertaining to the eggs, the ovum
Ovogenesis
oxy-
sharp, acid, acute, oxygen
oxygen
pachy-
thick
pachyderma
palli-
pale
pallor, globus pallidus
palpebr-
Of or pertaining to the eyelid [uncommon as a root]
Palpebra
pan-, pant(o)-
Denoting something as 'complete' or containing 'everything'
panophobia, panopticon
papill-
Of or pertaining to the nipple (of the chest/breast)
Papillitis
papul(o)-
Indicates papulosity, a small elevation or swelling in the skin, a pimple, swelling
Papulation
par-
birth
postpartum, parturition, multiparous
para-
alongside of, abnormal
parathesia
-paresis
slight paralysis
hemiparesis
parieto-
wall
parietal
parvo-
small
Parvovirus
path(o)-
disease
Pathology
-pathy
Denotes (with a negative sense) a disease, or disorder
sociopathy, neuropathy
ped-, -ped-, -pes
Of or pertaining to the foot; -footed
Pedoscope
pelv(i)-, pelv(o)-
hip bone
Pelvis
-penia
deficiency
osteopenia
peo-
Of or pertaining to the penis
Peotomy
-pepsia
Denotes something relating to digestion, or the digestive tract.
Dyspepsia
per-
through
Per
peri-
Denoting something with a position 'surrounding' or 'around' another
Periodontal
-pexy
fixation
Nephropexy
phaco-
lens-shaped
phacolysis, phacometer, phacoscotoma
-phage, -phagia
Forms terms denoting conditions relating to eating or ingestion
Sarcophagia
phagist-:
Forms nouns that denote a person who 'feeds on' the first element or part of the word
Lotophagi
-phago-
eating, devouring
phagocyte
-phagy
Forms nouns that denotes 'feeding on' the first element or part of the word
Anthropophagy
phallo-
phallus
Aphallia
pharmaco-
drug, medication
pharmacology
pharyng(o)-
Of or pertaining to the pharynx, the upper throat cavity
Pharyngitis, Pharyngoscopy
-phil(ia)
attraction for
Hemophilia
phleb(o)-
Of or pertaining to the (blood) veins, a vein
Phlebography, Phlebotomy
-phobia
exaggerated fear, sensitivity
arachnophobia
phon(o)-
sound
phonograph
phos-
Of or pertaining to light or its chemical properties, now historic and used rarely. See the common root phot(o)- below.
Phosphene
phot(o)-
Of or pertaining to light
Photopathy
-phragm
partition
diaphragm
phren(i)-, phren(o)-, phrenico
the mind
Phrenic nerve, schizophrenia, diaphragm
pilo-
hair
piloerection
pino-
drink, imbibe
pinocytosis
-plasia
formation, development
Achondroplasia
-plasty
surgical repair, reconstruction
rhinoplasty
-plegia
paralysis
paraplegia
pleio-
more, excessive, multiple
pleiomorphism
pleur(o)-, pleur(a)
Of or pertaining to the ribs
Pleurogenous
-plexy
stroke or seizure
Cataplexy
pnea-
breath, breathing
eupnea, dyspnea
pneum(o)-
Of or pertaining to the lungs
Pneumonocyte, Pneumonia
pod-, -pod-, -pus
Of or pertaining to the foot, -footed
Podiatry
podo-
foot
pseudopod, podocyte
poies-
forming
hemopoiesis, erythropoietin
-poiesis
production
hematopoiesis
polio-
Denoting a grey color
Poliomyelitis
poly-
Denotes a 'plurality' of something
Polymyositis
porphyr(o)-
Denotes a purple color
Porphyroblast
post-
Denotes something as 'after' or 'behind' another
Postoperation, Postmortem
pre-
Denotes something as 'before' another (in [physical] position or time)
Prematurity
presby(o)-
old age
Presbyopia
prim-
Denotes something as 'first' or 'most-important'
Primary
pro-
Denotes something as 'before' another (in [physical] position or time)
Procephalic
proct(o)-
anus, rectum
proctology
prosop(o)-
face
Prosopagnosia
prot(o)-
Denotes something as 'first' or 'most important'
Protoneuron
pseud(o)-
Denotes something false or fake
pseudo
psor-
Itching
Psoriasis
psych(e)-, psych(o)
Of or pertaining to the mind
Psychology, psychiatry
pterygo-
Pertaining to a wing
Lateral pterygoid plate
-ptosis
falling, drooping, downward placement, prolapse
Apoptosis
-ptysis
(a spitting), spitting, hemoptysis, the spitting of blood derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes
hemoptysis
pulmon-, pulmo-
Of or relating to the lungs.
pulmonary
pyel(o)-
pelvis
Pyelonephritis
pyo-
pus
Pyometra
pyro-
fever
Antipyretic
quadr(i)-
four
quadriceps
radio-
radiation
radiowave
rami-
branch
ramus
re-
again, backward
relapse
ren(o)-
Of or pertaining to the kidney
renal
reticul(o)-
net
reticulocyte
retro-
backward, behind
retroversion, retroverted
rhabd(o)-
rod shaped, striated
rhabdomyolysis
rhachi(o)-
spine
rachial, rachialgia, rachidian, rachiopathy
rhin(o)-
Of or pertaining to the nose
rhinoceros, rhinoplasty
rhod(o)-
Denoting a rose-red color
rhodophyte
-rrhage
burst forth
Hemorrhage
-rrhagia
rapid flow of blood
menorrhagia
-rrhaphy
surgical suturing in place
aneurysmorrhaphy
-rrhea (AmE)
flowing, discharge
Galactorrhea, Diarrhea
-rrhexis
rupture of vessel or organ
angiorrhexis, enterorrexis
-rrhoea
flowing, discharge
diarrhoea
rubr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the red nucleus of the brain
Rubrospinal
salping(o)-
Of or pertaining to the fallopian tubes
Salpingectomy, Salpingopharyngeus muscle
sangui-, sanguine-
Of or pertaining to blood
Sanguine
sarco-
muscular, fleshlike
sarcoma
schist(o)-
split, cleft
schistocelia
schiz(o)-
Denoting something 'split' or 'double-sided'
Schizophrenia
scler(o)-
hardness
atherosclerosis
-sclerosis
hardening of the skin
Multiple sclerosis
scoli(o)-
twisted
scoliosis
-scope
instrument for viewing
stethoscope
-scopy
use of instrument for viewing
endoscopy
semi-
one-half, partly
semilunar
sial(o)-
saliva, salivary gland
sialagogue
sigmoid(o)-
sigmoid, sigmoid colon
sigmoidoscopy
sinistr(o)-
left, left side
sinistral
sinus-
Of or pertaining to the sinus
Sinusitis
sito-
food, grain
sitiophobia, sitomania, sitotherapy
somat(o)-, somatico-
body, bodily
somatoform
spasmo-
spasm
Spasmodic dysphonia
sperma-, spermo-, spermato-
semen, spermatozoa
Spermatogenesis
splanchn(i)-, splanchn(o)-
viscera
splanchnic nerve
splen(o)-
spleen
Splenectomy
spondyl(o)-
Of or pertaining to the spine, the vertebra
Spondylitis
squamos(o)-
Denoting something as 'full of scales' or 'scaly'
Squama
-stasis
stop, stand
homeostasis
sten(o)-
Denoting something as 'narrow in shape' or pertaining to narrow-ness
Stenography
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure
Stenosis, Restenosis
steth(o)-
Of or pertaining to the upper chest, chest, the area above the breast and under the neck
Stethoscope
stheno-
strength, force, power
sthenometer, sthenoplastic, sthenopyra
stom(a)
mouth
stomatognathic system
stomat(o)-
Of or pertaining to the mouth
Stomatogastric
-stomy
creation of an opening
colostomy
sub-
beneath
subcutaneous tissue
super-
in excess, above, superior
superior vena cava
supra-
above, excessive
supraorbital vein
sy, syl-, sym-, syn-, sys-
Indicates similarity, likeness, or being together; Assimilates before some consonants: before l to syl-, s to sys-, before a labial consonant to sym-.
Synalgia, Synesthesia, Syssarcosis
tachy-
Denoting something as fast, irregularly fast
Tachycardia
-tension, -tensive
pressure
Hypertension
tetan-
rigid, tense
tetanus
thec-
case, sheath
Intrathecal
thel(e)-, thel(o)-
Of or pertaining to a nipple
Theleplasty
thely-
Denoting something as 'relating to a woman, feminine'
Thelygenous
thorac(i)-, thorac(o)-, thoracico-
Of or pertaining to the upper chest, chest; the area above the breast and under the neck
Thorax
thromb(o)-
Of or relating to a blood clot, clotting of blood
Thrombus, Thrombocytopenia
thym(o)(ia)-
emotions
dysthymia
-tic
pertaining to
paralytic, therapeutic
toco-
childbirth or labor
tocodynamometer, tocography, tocomania
-tome
cutting instrument
dermatome
-tomy
act of cutting; incising, incision
Gastrotomy
tox(i)-, tox(o)-, toxico-
toxin, poison
Toxoplasmosis
trachel(o)-
Of or pertaining to the neck
Tracheotomy
trans-
Denoting something as moving or situated 'across' or 'through'
Transfusion
trich(i)-, trichia, trich(o)-
Of or pertaining to hair, hair-like structure
Trichocyst
-tripsy
crushing
Lithotripsy
-trophy
nourishment, development
Pseudohypertrophy
tympan(o)-
eardrum
Tympanocentesis
-ula, -ule
small
Nodule
ultra-
beyond, excessive
ultrasound
umbilic-
Of or pertaining to the navel, the umbilicus
Umbilical
un(i)-
one
Unilateral hearing loss
ungui-
Of or pertaining to the nail, a claw
Unguiform, Ungual
ur(o)-
Of or pertaining to urine, the urinary system; (specifically) pertaining to the physiological chemistry of urine
Urology
uri(c)-, urico-
uric acid
uric acid
urin-
Of or pertaining to urine, the urinary system
Uriniferous
uter(o)-
Of or pertaining to the uterus or womb
Uterus
vagin-
Of or pertaining to the vagina
Vagina
varic(o)-
swollen or twisted vein
varicose
vas(o)-
duct, blood vessel
vasoconstriction
ven-
Of or pertaining to the (blood) veins, a vein (used in terms pertaining to the vascular system)
Vein, Venospasm
ventr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the belly; the stomach cavities
Ventrodorsal
ventricul(o)-
Of or pertaining to the ventricles; any hollow region inside an organ
Cardiac ventriculography
-version
turning
anteversion, retroversion
vesic(o)-
Of or pertaining to the bladder
Vesica
viscer(o)-
Of or pertaining to the internal organs, the viscera
Viscera
xanth(o)-
Denoting a yellow color, an abnormally yellow color
Xanthopathy
xen(o)-
Foreign, different
Xenograft
xer(o)-
dry, desert-like
Xerostomia
-y
condition or process of
Surgery
zo(o)-
animal, animal life
zoonosis