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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Resolution
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how well you can see something in fine detail
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Abbe Condenser or substage
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lenses under the stage that focuses light on the object
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Iris Diaphragm
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determines/adjusts how much light comes in
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to get good resolution:
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1) Keep Abbe condenser as close to the stage as possible
2)keep iris diaphragm completely open |
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Oil Emersion Lens
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magnifies 1000x. Oil is used because there is a short working distance and there is a refractivity or amount of light, the oil fills the air gap so no light can bounce out
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morphology
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physical appearance
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coccus
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ball shape
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diplococcus
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OO
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streptococcus
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OOOOOOOOOO
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staphlococcus
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OOO
OO OOOOO OO O |
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Bacillus
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rod shape
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Spirillum
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"S" shape
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Plemorphic
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do not stay in one shape
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simple stain
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dye has + charge, bacteria has - charge
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Gram +
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peptodoglycan (90%) very thick cell wall, simple.
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Gram -
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Lipopolysaccharide
-peptidoglycan (15%) -have an outer covering made of fats and sugars -then a thin layer of peptidoglycan |
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what does "fixing" a slide mean?
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it means that the stuff you are putting on the slipe adheres to the slide
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steps on preparing a gram stain:
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1)crystal violet: leave on for about 1 in
2)add iodine: enhances the purple dye 3)Alcohol: decolorizing, alcohol is lipid soluble, so it will digest them 4)Counterstain: adding red dye, leave for about 1 minute. |
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When adding the iodine, what does mordant do?
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It just makes something work better
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Acid fast stain
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stains certain organisms that have cell walls that will not gram stain.
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medium/ media (plural form)
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food for the organsim
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two types of culture:
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Liquid (broth) and agar (solid)
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Turbidity:
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the more cloudy the liquid is in the test tube, the more bactreria present.
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Agar Deep
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dark, semi-solid
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Agar slant
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purposefully solidified at a slant to create more surface area.
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Agar plate
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in a dish
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Colony - morphology
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the appearance of the colony
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Confluent growth
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equal distribution of growth all over the plate.
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Sterilization
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destruction of all life forms
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Vegetative cells
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living regular cells, easiest to destroy
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Endospores
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hardest to destroy
-like crystals that resist heat and drying -spores can become deadly with moist heat and pressure |
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what is the best way to destroy?
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mosit heat and pressure
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autoclave
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putting it into a closed area with water, steam building up pressure will destroy endospores.
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Disinfectants are used on... ?
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non-living material
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Antiseptics are used on ..?
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living tissue
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Endospores
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hardest to destroy
-like crystals that resist heat and drying -spores can become deadly with moist heat and pressure |
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what is the best way to destroy?
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mosit heat and pressure
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autoclave
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putting it into a closed area with water, steam building up pressure will destroy endospores.
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Disinfectants are used on... ?
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non-living material
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Antiseptics are used on ..?
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living tissue
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bacteriocidal
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kills
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Bacteriostatic
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Inhibits growth
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factors that determine how well antiseptics or disinfectants will work:
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1) type of microbe
2) concentration of disinfectant / antiseptic 3)type of disinfectant (refer to pg. 83) 4) microbial load (number of organisms you're trying to kill) 5) time of exposure |
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Kirby Bauer Procedure
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if bacteria grows up to the disc, the bacteria is resistant.
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what does it mean if the zone of inhibition is larger?
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it means the antibiotic is working better
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