Media Effects: Chapter 9

Front 1

Uses and Gratifications

Back 1

Assumes that individual differences among audience members cause each person to seek out different messages, use this messages differently, and respond to them uniquely.

Front 2

1. The media surveys the environment--keeps users informed.

2.Correlation of environmental parts--helps form more accurate holistic view of the world.

3. Transmits societal norms and customs to new generations.

Back 2

What are Lasswell's 3 major functions (1948)?

Front 3

1. Entertainment.

2. Parasocial interaction.

3. Escapism.

4. Anxiety Reduction.

5. Play.

Back 3

What are some mass media functions?

Front 4

Transactional Model

Back 4

• Combines message characteristics and audience psychological orientation.

• Combines direct effects model and individual differences model.

Front 5

Gratification-Seeking and Audience Activity Model

Back 5

• Gratifications sought and attitude of viewer determine viewier's attention.

• Effect on viewer depends on degree of involvement and intentions.

Front 6

Expectancy-Value Model

Back 6

• Expectancy--probability that an attitude has a particular attribute or that a behavior outcome has consequence.

• Evaluation--degree of affect toward particular outcome.

Front 7

Uses and Dependency Model

Back 7

• Certain elements in a media system cause people to use and depend on it.

• Viewer motives.

• Availability of viewing alternatives.

Front 8

Third-person Effects

Back 8

Consumers perceive content to affect others more than themselves.

Front 9

Parasocial Interaction

Back 9

Media consumers believe celebrities are more like friends than strangers.