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65 Cards in this Set
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tissue
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group/layer of similarly specialized cells joining together to perform certain specific functions
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4 main types of tissues are:
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epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve
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histology
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the study of the structure, compostion and function of tissues
hist = tissue, -ology = the study of |
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histologist
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a specialist in the study of tissues
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epithelial tissues
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forms a protective covering for all the internal and external surfaces of th ebody
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epi thel ium
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specialized epithelial tissues forms epidermis of the skin
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endo thel ium
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specialized epithelial tissue that line blood and lymph and vessels, body cavities, gland and organs
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dense connective tissue
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bone and cartilage
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adipose tissue
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fat, provides padding, insulation and support
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loose connective tissue
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surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels
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liquid connective tissues
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blood and lymph
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muscle tissue
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contains cells with specialized ability to contract and relax
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nerve tissue
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contains cells with specialized ability to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses
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aplasia
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defective development or congenital absense of organ or tissue
a = without, -plasia = formation |
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hypoplasia
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the incomplete development of an organ or tissues
hypo = deficient, -plasia = formation |
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anaplasia
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the change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other
ana = excessive -plasia - formation |
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hypertrophy
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increase in body part due NOT due to increase in number of cells or tumor formation
hyper = excessive, -trophy = development |
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dysplasia
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abnormal deveopment or growth of cells/tissues/organs
dys = bad, -plasia = formation |
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hyperplasia
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enlargement of an organ/tissues because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells
hyper = excessive, -plasia = formation |
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gland
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group of specialized epithelial cells that are capable of producing secretions
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secretions
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substance produced by a gland
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exocrine glands
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secrete chemical substancs into ducts leading OUT of the body - EXIT
crine = to secrete |
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endocrine glands
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produce hormones, don't have ducts, secreted right into the bloodstream
endo = within |
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adenitis
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inflammation of a gland
aden = gland -itis = inflammation |
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adenocarcinoma
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a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue
adin/o = gland carcin = cancerous |
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adenoma
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a benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue
adeno = gland, -oma = tumor |
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Adenomalacia
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abnormal softening of a gland
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Adenosis
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any disease condition of a gland
aden = gland, -osis = an abnormal condition or disease |
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Adenosclerosis
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abnormal hardening of a gland
aden/o = gland |
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adenectomy
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surgical removal of a gland
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pathology
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study of nature and cause of disease that involves changes in structure and function
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pathologist
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specializes in the lab analysis of tissue samples to confirm or establish a diagnosis
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etiology
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the study of the causes of diseases
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pathogen
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a disease producing microorganism
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transmission
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the spread of a disease
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contamination
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means a pathogen is probably present
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communicable disease
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(aka contagous disease) - any conditon that is transmitted from one person to another by direct/indirect contact
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communicable
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capable of being transmitted
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indrect contact transmission
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a person is infected by contact with contaminated surface
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bloodborne transmission
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transmission of disease through blood or other body fluids HIV, HEP B, most STDs
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airborne transmission
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get disease through contact w/contaminated respiratory droplets through air such as cough or sneeze, TB, flu, colds, measles
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food-borne or waterborne transmission (fecal-oral transmission)
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eating or drinking contaminated foods or water not properly treated to remove/kill pathogens
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vector borne transmisions
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spread of disease due to the bite of a vector, flies ticks rats dogs
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epidemiologist
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specialist of disease outbreak w/i population group
epi- = above dem = population -ologist = specialist |
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Endemic
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the ongoing presence of a disease w/i a population, group or area
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epidemic
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a sudden widespread outbreak of disease w/i a specific population group or area
epi = above dem = population -ic = pertaining to |
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pandemic
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outbreak of a disease occuring over a large geographic area (worldwide epidemic)
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functional disorder
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produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified
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iatrogenic illness [eye AT roh JEN ick]
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an unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment
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idiopathic disorder
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an illness w/o a known cause
idi/o = peculiar to the individual path = disease -ic = pertaining to |
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idiopathic
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w/o a know cause
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infectious disease
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an illness caused by living pathogenic organisma s/a bacteria and viruses
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nosocomial infection
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a hospital-acquired disease, MRSA
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organic disorder
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produces symptoms caused by detectable physical changes in the body - ie chickenpox
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congenital disorder
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an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth
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developmental disorder
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aka birth defects, can result in an anomaly or malformation such as absence/limb, presence/extra toe
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anomaly
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deviation from what is regarded as normal
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atresia
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congenital absence of normal opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular
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anal atresia
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congenital absence of anal opening
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prenatal influences
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mother's health, behavior, and prenatal medical care she does/doesnot receive before delivery
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(FAS) fetal alcohol syndrome
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caused by mother's consumption of alcohol during pregnancy
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premature birth
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before 37 weeks
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birth injuries
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congenital disorders that were not present before birth (CP) cerebral palsy - brain damage - lack of Oxygen to baby
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geriatrics
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study of medical problems and care of the aged
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geriatrician
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a physican specializing in care of older people
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