Med Term Ch.7&8

Front 1

Angi/o

Back 1

Vessel

Front 2

Aort/o

Back 2

Aorta

Front 3

Arteri/o

Back 3

Artery

Front 4

Arteriol/o

Back 4

Arteriole

Front 5

Ather/o

Back 5

Fatty substance, plaque

Front 6

Atri/o

Back 6

Atrium

Front 7

Cardi/o

Back 7

Heart

Front 8

Coron/o

Back 8

Heart

Front 9

Embol/o

Back 9

Plug

Front 10

Isch/o

Back 10

To hold back

Front 11

Phleb/o

Back 11

Vein

Front 12

Sphygm/o

Back 12

Pulse

Front 13

Steth/o

Back 13

Chest

Front 14

Thromb/o

Back 14

Clot

Front 15

Valv/o

Back 15

Valve

Front 16

Valvul/o

Back 16

Valve

Front 17

Varic/o

Back 17

Dilated vein

Front 18

Vas/o

Back 18

Blood vessel

Front 19

Vascul/o

Back 19

Blood vessel

Front 20

Ven/o

Back 20

Vein

Front 21

Ventricul/o

Back 21

Ventricle

Front 22

Venul/o

Back 22

Venule

Front 23

Cutane/o

Back 23

Skin

Front 24

Electr/o

Back 24

Electricity

Front 25

Esophag/o

Back 25

Esophagus

Front 26

My/o

Back 26

Muscle

Front 27

Pulmon/o

Back 27

Lung

Front 28

Son/o

Back 28

Sound

Front 29

-ac

Back 29

Pertaining to

Front 30

-al

Back 30

Pertaining to

Front 31

-ar

Back 31

Pertaining to

Front 32

-ary

Back 32

Pertaining to

Front 33

-dynia

Back 33

Pain

Front 34

-eal

Back 34

Pertaining to

Front 35

-ectomy

Back 35

Surgical removal

Front 36

-emia

Back 36

Blood condition

Front 37

-genic

Back 37

Producing

Front 38

-gram

Back 38

Record

Front 39

-graphy

Back 39

Process of recording

Front 40

-ia

Back 40

Condition

Front 41

-ic

Back 41

Pertaining to

Front 42

-ism

Back 42

State of

Front 43

-itis

Back 43

Inflammation

Front 44

-logist

Back 44

One who studies

Front 45

-logy

Back 45

Study of

Front 46

-lysis

Back 46

To destroy

Front 47

-lytic

Back 47

Destruction

Front 48

-manometer

Back 48

Instrument to measure pressure

Front 49

-megaly

Back 49

Enlarged

Front 50

-ole

Back 50

Small

Front 51

-oma

Back 51

Tumor, mass

Front 52

What carries blood away from the heart

Back 52

arteries

Front 53

what carries blood towards the heart

Back 53

veins

Front 54

Where are oxygen and nutrients delivered

Back 54

capillaries

Front 55

aneurysm

Back 55

Localized widening of artery due to weakness in arterial wall; may develop in any artery, but common sites are abdominal aorta and cerebral arteries

Front 56

angina pectoris

Back 56

Severe chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia

Front 57

arrhythmia

Back 57

Irregular heartbeat

Front 58

auscultation

Back 58

Listening to sounds within body, such as heart or lungs, by using stethoscope

Front 59

bacterial endocarditis

Back 59

Inflammation of inner lining of heart (the endocardium) caused by bacteria; may result in visible accumulation of bacteria called vegetation

Front 60

blood pressure (BP)

Back 60

Measurement of pressure exerted by blood against walls of blood vessel

Front 61

bradycardia

Back 61

Abnormally slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute (bpm)

Front 62

cardiac arrest

Back 62

Complete stoppage of all heart activity, both electrical signals and muscle contractions

Front 63

cardiac catheterization

Back 63

Passage of thin tube (catheter) through veins or arteries leading into heart; used to detect heart abnormalities, to collect cardiac blood samples, and to determine pressure within heart

Front 64

cardiac enzymes

Back 64

Complex proteins released by heart muscle when it is damaged; taken by blood sample to determine amount of heart disease or damage; most common cardiac enzymes are creatine kinase (CK), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

Front 65

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Back 65

Combination of external compressions to sternum and rescue breathing to maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of lungs during cardiac and respiratory arrest

Front 66

congenital septal defect (CSD)

Back 66

Birth defect in wall separating two chambers of heart allowing blood to pass between two chambers; there can be atrial septal defect (ASD) or ventricular septaldefect (VSD)

Front 67

congestive heart failure (CHF)

Back 67

Condition that develops when heart muscle is not able to pump blood forcefullyenough, reducing blood flow to body; results in weakness, dyspnea, and edema

Front 68

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

Back 68

Open-heart surgery in which blood vessel, often leg vein, is grafted to route blood around occluded coronary artery

Front 69

coronary artery disease (CAD)

Back 69

Chronic heart disease caused by arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis of coronary arteries; also calledarteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD)

Front 70

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Back 70

Formation of blood clots in deep veins; usually occurs in legs; pieces of clot may break away forming emboli

Front 71

defibrillation

Back 71

Using instrument called defibrillator to give electrical shock to heart for purpose of converting arrhythmia back to normal heartbeat; also called cardioversion

Front 72

Doppler ultrasonography

Back 72

Imaging technique using ultrasound to create moving image; utilized to evaluate blood flow through blood vessels, movement of heart valves, and movement of heart muscle during contraction

Front 73

electrocardiography

Back 73

Diagnostic procedure that records electrical activity of heart; used to diagnose damage to heart tissue from coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction

Front 74

endarterectomy

Back 74

Surgical removal of inner lining of artery in order to remove plaques

Front 75

fibrillation

Back 75

Abnormal quivering or contractions of heart fibers; occurrence within fibers of ventricle of heart may result in cardiac arrest and death; emergency equipment to defibrillate, or convert heart to normal beat, is necessary

Front 76

heart murmur

Back 76

Abnormal heart sound such as soft blowing sound or harsh click; may be soft and heard only with stethoscope or so loud it can be heard several feet away

Front 77

heart transplantation

Back 77

Replacement of diseased or malfunctioning heart with donor’s heart

Front 78

heart valve prolapse

Back 78

Cusps or flaps of heart valve are too loose and fail to shut tightly, allowing blood to flow backward (regurgitation) through valve when heart chamber contracts; mostcommonly occurs in mitral valve, but may affect any heart valve

Front 79

heart valve stenosis

Back 79

Cusps or flaps of heart valve are too stiff and unable to open fully, making it difficult for blood to flow through; condition may affect any of heart valves but most often affects mitral valve

Front 80

Holter monitor

Back 80

Portable ECG monitor worn by patient for period of few hours to few days to assess heart and pulse activity as person goes through activities of daily living; used to assess patient who experiences chest pain and unusual heart activity during exercise and normal activities

Front 81

hypertension (HTN)

Back 81

Blood pressure above normal range; usually systolic pressure above 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg

Front 82

hypotension

Back 82

Decrease in blood pressure; can occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia, or as death approaches

Front 83

implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)

Back 83

Electrical device implanted in chest cavity with electrodes to heart; applies shock to heart to stop potentially life-threatening arrhythmias such as fibrillation

Front 84

infarct

Back 84

Area of tissue necrosis (death) that develops from ischemia

Front 85

intravascular thrombolytic therapy

Back 85

Treatment for clots occluding blood vessel; drugs, such as streptokinase (SK) or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), are injected into blood vessels to chemically dissolve clots; commonly referred to as clot-busters

Front 86

myocardial infarction (MI)

Back 86

Infarct of heart muscle caused by occlusion of one or more of coronary arteries; symptoms include angina pectoris and shortness of breath; also referred to as heart attack

Front 87

myocardial ischemia

Back 87

Loss of blood supply to heart muscle tissue of myocardium due to occlusion of coronary artery; may cause angina pectoris or myocardial infarction

Front 88

occlusion

Back 88

Blockage of blood vessel or other hollow structure; may be caused by thrombus, plaque, or embolus

Front 89

pacemaker

Back 89

Electrical device that artificially stimulates contraction of heart muscle; treatment for bradycardia

Front 90

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

Back 90

Method for treating coronary artery narrowing; balloon catheter is inserted into coronary artery and inflated to dilate narrow blood vessel

Front 91

peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Back 91

Disease of blood vessels away from central region of body, most typically in legs;symptoms include pain, numbness, and impaired circulation

Front 92

sphygmomano-meter

Back 92

Instrument for measuring blood pressure; also referredto as blood pressure cuff

Front 93

stent

Back 93

Stainless steel tube placed within blood vessel or duct to widen lumen; may be placed in coronary artery to treat myocardial ischemia due to atherosclerosis

Front 94

stress test

Back 94

Method for evaluating cardiovascular fitness; patient is placed on treadmill or bicycle and then subjected to steadily increasing levels of work; EKG and oxygen levels are taken while patient exercises; test is stopped if abnormalities occur on EKG

Front 95

tachycardia

Back 95

Abnormally fast heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute (bpm)

Front 96

transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)

Back 96

Specialized echocardiography procedure in which patient swallows ultrasound head in order to better visualize internal cardiac structures, especially cardiac valves

Front 97

varicose veins

Back 97

Swollen and distended veins, most commonly in legs

Front 98

venipuncture

Back 98

Puncture into vein to withdraw blood or inject medication or fluids

Front 99

Blood is mostly

Back 99

Watery plasma 55%

Front 100

What are erythrocytes

Back 100

red blood cells,

contain hemoglobin,

transport oxygen,

made in bone marrow

Front 101

What are leukocytes

Back 101

white blood cells,

provide protection against pathogens

Front 102

What are the 5 types of leukocytes

Back 102

neutrophils,

basophils,

eosinophils,

monocytes,

lymphocytes,

Front 103

What is a platelet

Back 103

small plate-like cell fragments,

they initiate hemostasis

Front 104

What is hematology

Back 104

diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues

Front 105

bas/o

Back 105

base

Front 106

coagul/o

Back 106

clotting

Front 107

eosin/o

Back 107

rosy red

Front 108

erythr/o

Back 108

red

Front 109

hem/o

Back 109

blood

Front 110

hemat/o

Back 110

blood

Front 111

leuk/o

Back 111

white

Front 112

lymph/o

Back 112

lymph

Front 113

neutr/o

Back 113

neutral

Front 114

thromb/o

Back 114

clot

Front 115

cyt/o

Back 115

cell

Front 116

embol/o

Back 116

plug

Front 117

glyc/o

Back 117

sugar

Front 118

lip/o

Back 118

fat

Front 119

path/o

Back 119

disease

Front 120

phleb/o

Back 120

vein

Front 121

septic/o

Back 121

infection

Front 122

-cytosis

Back 122

abnormal cell condition (too many)

Front 123

-ectomy

Back 123

surgical removal

Front 124

-emia

Back 124

blood condition

Front 125

-globin

Back 125

protein

Front 126

-ia

Back 126

condition

Front 127

-ic

Back 127

pertaining to

Front 128

-meter

Back 128

instrument for measuring

Front 129

-metry

Back 129

process of measuring

Front 130

-osis

Back 130

abnormal condition

Front 131

-otomy

Back 131

cutting into

Front 132

-penia

Back 132

too few

Front 133

-phil

Back 133

attracted to

Front 134

-plasm

Back 134

formation

Front 135

-poiesis

Back 135

formation

Front 136

-rrhage

Back 136

excessive, abnormal flow

Front 137

-stasis

Back 137

stopping

Front 138

-tic

Back 138

pertaining to

Front 139

an-

Back 139

without

Front 140

anti-

Back 140

against

Front 141

auto-

Back 141

self

Front 142

hyper-

Back 142

excessive

Front 143

hypo-

Back 143

below, insufficient

Front 144

mono-

Back 144

one

Front 145

pan-

Back 145

all

Front 146

poly-

Back 146

many

Front 147

anemia

Back 147

Group of blood disorders involving either a reduction in number of circulating erythrocytes or amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells; results in decreased oxygen delivery to tissues

Front 148

anticoagulant

Back 148

Any substance that prevents clot formation

Front 149

aplastic anemia

Back 149

Severe form of anemia caused by loss of functioning red bone marrow; results in decrease in number of all blood cells; may require bone marrow transplant

Front 150

autotransfusion

Back 150

Collecting and storing one's own blood to use to replace blood lost during surgery

Front 151

blood culture and sensitivity (C&S)

Back 151

Blood specimen is incubated to check for bacterial growth; if bacteria are present, they are identified, and best antibiotic treatment is determined

Front 152

blood transfusion

Back 152

Transfer of blood from one person to another

Front 153

bone marrow aspiration

Back 153

Removal of small sample of bone marrow by needle and examined for diseases such as leukemia or aplastic anemia

Front 154

bone marrow transplant (BMT)

Back 154

Patient receives red bone marrow donation after own bone marrow is destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy

Front 155

coagulate

Back 155

Formation of blood clot

Front 156

complete blood count (CBC)

Back 156

Comprehensive blood test that includes red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), white blood cell differential, and platelet count

Front 157

embolus

Back 157

Commonly called floating clot; usually piece of thrombus breaks away and floats through bloodstream until it lodges in a smaller blood vessel and blocks blood flow

Front 158

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, sed rate)

Back 158

Blood test measures rate at which red blood cells settle out of blood to form sediment in bottom of test tube; indicates presence of inflammatory disease

Front 159

hematocrit (HCT, Hct, crit)

Back 159

Blood test measures volume of red blood cells within total volume of blood

Front 160

hematoma

Back 160

Collection of blood under skin as a result of blood escaping into tissue from damaged blood vessel; commonly called bruise

Front 161

hemoglobin (Hgb, hb)

Back 161

Blood test measures amount of hemoglobin present in given volume of blood

Front 162

hemophilia

Back 162

Inherited lack of one vital clotting factor; results in almost complete inability to stop bleeding

Front 163

iron-deficiency anemia

Back 163

Anemia resulting when there is not enough iron to build hemoglobin for red blood cells

Front 164

leukemia

Back 164

Cancer of leukocyte-forming red bone marrow; patient has large number of abnormal and immature leukocytes circulating in blood

Front 165

pernicious anemia (PA)

Back 165

Anemia resulting when digestive system absorbs insufficient amount of vitamin B12; vitamin B12 is necessary for erythrocyte production

Front 166

phlebotomy

Back 166

Removal of blood specimen from vein for laboratory tests; also called venipuncture

Front 167

platelet count

Back 167

Blood test determines number of platelets in given volume of blood

Front 168

polycythemia vera

Back 168

Condition characterized by too many erythrocytes; blood becomes too thick to easily flow through blood vessels

Front 169

prothrombin time (Pro time, PT)

Back 169

Blood test that measures how long it takes for clot to form after prothrombin, a blood-clotting protein, is activated

Front 170

red blood cell count (RBC)

Back 170

Blood test that determines number of erythrocytes in volume of blood; decrease may indicate anemia; increase may indicate polycythemia vera

Front 171

septicemia

Back 171

Presence of bacteria or their toxins in bloodstream; commonly called blood poisoning

Front 172

sequential multiple analyzer computer (SMAC)

Back 172

Machine that performs multiple blood chemistry tests automatically

Front 173

serum

Back 173

Blood that has had formed elements and clotting factors removed

Front 174

thalassemia

Back 174

Inherited blood disorder; body is unable to correctly make hemoglobin, resulting in anemia

Front 175

thrombolytic therapy

Back 175

Administering medication to dissolve blood clot and restore normal circulation

Front 176

white blood cell count (WBC)

Back 176

Blood test that determines number of leukocytes in volume of blood; increase may indicate infection or leukemia; decrease may be caused by some diseases, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy

Front 177

white blood cell differential (diff)

Back 177

Blood test determines number of each type of leukocyte

Front 178

abbreviation: basos

Back 178

basophils

Front 179

abbreviation: BMT

Back 179

bone marrow transplant

Front 180

abbreviation: CBC

Back 180

complete blood count

Front 181

bbreviation: diff

Back 181

differential

Front 182

abbreviation: eosins, eos

Back 182

eosinophils

Front 183

abbreviation: ESR, SR, sed rate

Back 183

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Front 184

abbreviation: HCT, Hct, crit

Back 184

hematocrit

Front 185

abbreviation: Hgb, Hb, HGB

Back 185

hemoglobin

Front 186

abbreviation: lymphs

Back 186

lymphocytes

Front 187

abbreviation: monos

Back 187

monocytes

Front 188

abbreviation: PA

Back 188

pernicious anemia

Front 189

abbreviation: PMN, polys

Back 189

polymorphonuclear neutrophil

Front 190

abbreviation: PT, protime

Back 190

prothrombin time

Front 191

abbreviation: RBC

Back 191

red blood cell, red blood cell count

Front 192

abbreviation: Rh+

Back 192

Rh-positive

Front 193

abbreviation: Rh-

Back 193

Rh- negative

Front 194

abbreviation: segs

Back 194

segmented neutrophils

Front 195

abbreviation: SMAC

Back 195

sequential multiple analyzer computer

Front 196

abbreviation: WBC

Back 196

white blood cell, white blood count