Med Term 11: On The Endocrine System

Front 1

acro

Back 1

extremities

Front 2

adeno

Back 2

gland

Front 3

adreno

Back 3

adrenal glands

Front 4

adrenalo

Back 4

adrenal glands

Front 5

andro

Back 5

male

Front 6

calco

Back 6

calcium

Front 7

crino

Back 7

secrete

Front 8

estro

Back 8

female

Front 9

glyco

Back 9

sugar

Front 10

glycoso

Back 10

sugar

Front 11

gonado

Back 11

sex glands

Front 12

homeo

Back 12

sameness

Front 13

kali

Back 13

potassium

Front 14

natro

Back 14

sodium

Front 15

ophthalmo

Back 15

eye

Front 16

pancreato

Back 16

pancreas

Front 17

parathyroido

Back 17

parathyroid gland

Front 18

pinealo

Back 18

pineal gland

Front 19

pituitaro

Back 19

pituitary gland

Front 20

somato

Back 20

body

Front 21

thymo

Back 21

thymus gland

Front 22

thyro

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thyroid gland

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toxo

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poison

Front 24

-crine

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to secrete

Front 25

-dipsia

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to thirst

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-emia

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blood condition

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-tropin

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stimulate

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-uria

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condition of the urine

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the endocrine system is...

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... a collection of glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood system.

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hormones

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chemicals that act on their target organ

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the endocrine system is instrumental in maintaining..

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homeostasis

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homeostasis

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adjusting the activity level of most of the tissues and organs in the body to maintain a stable internal environ

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the body has two distinct types of glands....

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... exocrine and endocrine

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exocrine glands

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carry secretions outside the body

Front 35

endocrine glands

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release their secretions into the body... spec, the blood

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the secretion of the thyroid is called a ___ less gland

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ductless, as it empties directly into the blood

Front 37

the four P's of the endocrine system?

Back 37

pineal, pituitary, pancreas, and parathyroid

Front 38

the three T's of the endocrine system?

Back 38

thymus, thyroid, testes

Front 39

last two organs of the endocrine system not covered by the P's or the T's?

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ovaries and adrenal glands

Front 40

adrenal cortex releases cortisol which...

Back 40

regulates carb levels in the body

Front 41

adrenal cortex releases aldosterone which...

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regulates electrolytes and fluid vol. in body

Front 42

adrogen, estrogen, and progesterone are all responsible for...

Back 42

secondary sexual characteristics

Front 43

epinephrine (adrenaline) intensifies....

Back 43

response during stress (fight or flight)

Front 44

norepinephrine acts primarily as a...

Back 44

vasoconstrictor

Front 45

estrogen stimulates.... and regulates...

Back 45

stimulates dev of secondary sexual char, regulates menstrual cycle (uterine term)

Front 46

progesterone prepares...

Back 46

the lining of the uterus for pregnancy

Front 47

the pancreas creates glucagon which...

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... stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood

Front 48

the pancreas creates insulin which..

Back 48

regulates and promotes entry of glucose into cells

Front 49

FSH (follice stimulating hormone)...

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stimulates eggs in females and sperm in males

Front 50

melanocyte stimulating hormone...

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stimulates melanocytes in the skin to produce pigment

Front 51

prolactin...

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stimulates milk production

Front 52

oxytocin

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stimulate uterine contractions and releases milk into ducts

Front 53

thymosin

Back 53

promotes dev of cells in immune sys

Front 54

calcitonin

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stimulates depositing of Ca into bone

Front 55

the adrenal glands are located

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above the kidneys

Front 56

the adrenal glands are composed of two parts:

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the cortex and the medulla

Front 57

hormones produced in the cotex of the adrenal glands are collectively called...

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corticosteroids

Front 58

the female gonads are known as

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ovaries

Front 59

gonads produce

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gametes

Front 60

the pancreas is located

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along the lower curvature of the stomach

Front 61

the pancreas is the only organ of the body to have both __ and __ functions

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endo and exocrine functions

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the exocrine function of the pancreas secretes __ into the __

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secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum of the small intestine

Front 63

the endocrine sections of the pancreas are known as

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islets of langerhans

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islets of langerhans produce two different hormones: __ and __

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insulin and glucagon

Front 65

loss or impairment of the function of insulin will result in...

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diabetes mellitus (DM)and hence hyperglycemia

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overproduction of insulin will result in...

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hypoglycemia

Front 67

type 1 diabetes is

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insulin dependent; the islet cells have been destroyed

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type 2 diabetes is

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non insulin dependent; the islet cells still exist but the insulin has lost the ability to effect the body

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type 2 diabetes is treated by

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diet, exercise, etc

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glucagon is released when the body...

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needs more sugar, such as at the beginning of strenuous activity or several hours after the last meal

Front 71

diabetes insipidus

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the result of inadequate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone

Front 72

parathyroid glands

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help regulate calcium levels in the blood

Front 73

the pineal gland is involved in this little-understood mechanism:

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circadian rhythms

Front 74

the pituitary gland is located...

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... on the underneath side of the brain

Front 75

the anterior pituitary gland secretes many important hormones

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like growth hormone (GH), thyroid stim horm (TSH), prolactin, FSH, LH, and MSH

Front 76

thymosin helps __ cells develop

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helps T cells

Front 77

the most important function of the thymus is

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the development of the immune sys in the newborn

Front 78

an adams apple is

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thyroid cartilage

Front 79

exophthalmos

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condition in which the eyeballs protrue, often caused by overproduction of thyroid hormone

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gynecomastia

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the development of breat tissue in men

Front 81

hirsutism

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excessive hair growth, esp for women

Front 82

acidosis

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excessive acidity of body fluids

Front 83

acromegaly

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chronic disease resulting in elongation and enlargement of the bones of the head and extremities.

Front 84

adrenal feminization

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development of female secondary sexual characteristics

Front 85

adrenal virilism

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development of male secondary sexual char.

Front 86

cretinism

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lack of thyroid; results in arrested physical and mental development

Front 87

cushing's syndrome

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result of hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex; weakness, edema, osteoporosis

Front 88

goiter

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enlargement of the thyroid gland

Front 89

graves disease

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overactivity of the thyroid gland and can cause a crisis situation