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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CANCER
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> 100 TYPES
2ND LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN THE U.S. DEBILITATING EFFECTS CAN BE R/T EFFECTS OF THE CANCER ITSELF OR TO IT’S RX. |
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Cancers in Males
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• LUNG
• PROSTATE • COLON • RECTUM • PANCREAS • NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA |
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Cancers in Females
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• LUNG
• BREAST • COLON • RECTUM • PANCREAS • OVARY |
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VOCABULARY
CANCER |
– GENETIC ERRORS THAT TAKE PLACE IN A SINGLE CELL WITHIN THE BODY, LEADING TO UNCONTROLLED GROWTH THROUGH REPEATED CELL DIVISION
• CHARACTERIZED BY CELLS THAT MULTIPLY RAPIDLY, INVADING & DESTROYING NORMAL TISSUES – AUTONOMY – CANCER CELL’S INDEPENDENCE FROM NORMAL CELLULAR CONTROLS IE CONTACT INHIBITION |
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• ANAPLASIA
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– REGRESSION OF A CELL TO AN IMMATURE OR UNDIFFERENTIATED CELL TYPE. CELL DIVISION IS NO LONGER UNDER DNA CONTROL. USU. HAPPENS IN A CELL WHILE IT IS DIVIDING & STILL UNDIFFERENTIATED. THIS LEADS TO ABNORMAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE CELL. USU. R/T OVERWHELMINGLY DESTRUCTIVE CONDITIONS INSIDE THE CELL OR IN THE SURROUNDING TISSUES. NONREVERSIBLE
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• HYPERPLASIA
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– NUMBER OR DENSITY OF NORMAL CELLS. OCCURS IN RESPONSE TO STRESS, METABOLIC DEMANDS, OR HORMONE LEVELS. UNDER CONTROL OF DNA. REVERSES AFTER IRRITATION GONE (IE HYPERTROPHY OF MUSCLES, PREGNANT UTERUS)
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• METAPLASIA
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– UNDER DNA CONTROL. CELLS ARE NORMAL TYPE BUT ABNORMAL LOCATION. MAY BE DYSFUNCTIONAL. PROTECTIVE RESPONSE TO IRRITATION . REVERSES IF IRRITATION STOPPED. (IE SMOKING COLUMNAR CILIATED CELLS REPLACED BY SQUAMOUS CELLS WHICH ARE MORE RESISTANT TO SMOKING DAMAGE BUT HAVE NO CILIA) CAN BECOME CANCEROUS.
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• DYSPLASIA
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– LOSS OF DNA CONTROL OVER CELL DIFFERENTIATION IN RESPONSE TO ADVERSE CONDITIONS. CELLS VARY IN SIZE, SHAPE, APPEARANCE & ARRANGEMENT. MAY REVERSE IF IRRITANT REMOVED. MAY BECOME CANCEROUS. (IE CERVIX – HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS; SMOKING LEUKOPLAKIA ON ORAL MUCOUS MEMBRANES)
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• NEOPLASIA
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– CELLS WITH ABNORMAL GROWTH PATTERN. TISSUE SERVES NO FUNCTION & WILL GROW UNCHECKED EVEN IF STIMULUS IS REMOVED. SYNONYMOUS WITH TUMOR & CANCER
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• BENIGN
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– CELLS RESEMBLE TISSUE OF ORIGIN
– USU. ENCAPSULATED – GROWS SLOWLY & BY EXPANSION (GETTING BIGGER) – DOES NOT REOCCUR OR METASTASIZE – DOES NOT DESTROY TISSUE UNLESS IT COMPRESSES VESSELS – NO SYSTEMIC S/S OR DEATH UNLESS ITS LOCATION CAUSES INTERFERENCE WITH ORGAN FUNCTION (IE BRAIN TUMOR) |
