Med Math Ch. 02

Front 1

What are the 5 stages of medication administration?

Back 1

a. ordering/prescribing
b. transcribing and verifying
c. dispensing and delivering
d. administering
e. monitoring and reporting

Front 2

Nurses and pharmacists are involved in which stages?

Back 2

b. transcribing and verifying
c. dispensing and delivering

Front 3

Which organizations are involved in preventing medication errors and monitoring reports?

Back 3

The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), and the Joint Commission (TJC).

Front 4

ADE =

Back 4

adverse drug event

Front 5

A process that includes developing a list of all current medications that a pt is taking, a list of meds to be prescribed, comparing the lists, and communicating the list to appropriate caregivers.

Back 5

Medication reconciliation

Front 6

What are the six "rights" of medication administration?

Back 6

right drug
right dose
right route
right time
right patient
right documentation

Front 7

The six rights should be checked before:

Back 7

administering any medication.

Front 8

Failure to achieve any of these rights constitutes:

Back 8

a medication error.

Front 9

A drug is:

Back 9

a chemical substance that acts on the physiological processes in the human body.

Front 10

fever-reducing

Back 10

antipyretic

Front 11

pain-relieving

Back 11

analgesic

Front 12

The generic name is:

Back 12

the official accepted name of a drug, as listed in the United States Pharmacopeia.

Front 13

What designation and where, indicates that the drug meets U.S. government standards?

Back 13

USP; after a drug name.

Front 14

How many generic names can a drug have?

Back 14

It has only one generic name; it can have numerous trade names.

Front 15

By law, a generic name must be identified:

Back 15

on all drug labels.

Front 16

The amount of a drug in a specific unit of measurement:

Back 16

Dosage strength

Front 17

Each drug has a unique id number, called the:

Back 17

National Drug Code (NDC) number

Front 18

The NDC is printed on __ places on the label and is also encoded in the:

Back 18

2; barcode

Front 19

The FDA estimates that the bar coding of prescription drugs reduces medication errors by:

Back 19

50%

Front 20

To help avoid errors, drugs should be prescribed using only the _______ name, or by:

Back 20

generic; using both the generic and trade names.

Front 21

To avoid medication errors the FDA, ISMP, TJC, and National Board of Pharmacy recommend the use of:

Back 21

TALL MAN lettering in drug names.

Front 22

TALL MAN letters are:

Back 22

upper cased letters used within a drug name to highlight its primary dissimilarities with look-alike drug names.

Front 23

What are the "three checks?"

Back 23

To avoid medication errors, carefully check the
drug label:
1. When reaching for the container.
2. Immediately before preparing the dose.
3. When replacing or discarding the container.

Front 24

Never give a medication that is:

Back 24

expired or is in an unlabeled bottle.

Front 25

Can you use a calibrated dropper from one medication to dispense another med?

Back 25

NO!

Front 26

The dose determined by its manufacturer:

Back 26

the standard adult dose

Front 27

The standard adult dose may be stated as:

Back 27

a set dose or a range

Front 28

in a dosage range, the min. and max. recommended dosages given are referred to as the:

Back 28

safe dosage range.

Front 29

an estimate of the total skin area of a person:

Back 29

BSA (measured in m²)

Front 30

BSA =

Back 30

body surface area

Front 31

BSA is determined by formulas based on:

Back 31

height and weight

Front 32

Many drug doses administered to ________ or used for ________________ are calculated based on BSA.

Back 32

children; cancer therapy

Front 33

Packaging containing a single dose:
Packaging containing multiple doses:

Back 33

unit dose packaging
multidose packaging

Front 34

The route indicates:

Back 34

the site of the body and the method of drug delivery.

Front 35

tablets meant to dissolve in the intestine rather than in the stomach:

Back 35

enteric-coated tablets

Front 36

When administered, enteric-coated tablets should not be ___________ by the pt. They should be:

Back 36

chewed or crushed; they should be swallowed whole.

Front 37

Can the contents of a capsule be emptied and taken mixed with liquid or food, if a pt has trouble swallowing?

Back 37

yes.

Front 38

SR tablet =
XL tablet =
DR tablet =

Back 38

sustained-release
extended-release
delayed-release

Front 39

SR, XL, or DR tablets should never be:

Back 39

opened, chewed, or crushed.

Front 40

administration of a drug by absorption through the mucosa of the mouth:

Back 40

buccal administration

Front 41

administration of a drug by absorption under the tongue:

Back 41

sublingual (SL) administration

Front 42

a medicine in an alcohol soln.

Back 42

an elixer

Front 43

a medicine dissolved in a sugar and water soln.

Back 43

a syrup

Front 44

an insoluble drug in a liquid base:

Back 44

a suspension

Front 45

the administration of a drug into the gi tract via a specially placed tube, eg. NG, GT, or PEG.

Back 45

enteral

Front 46

NG =

Back 46

nasogastric

Front 47

GT =

Back 47

gastrostomy

Front 48

PEG =

Back 48

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Front 49

medication that are injected via needle into the body.

Back 49

parenteral medications

Front 50

The most common parenteral sites are:

Back 50

Epidural
Intramuscular (IM)
Subcutaneous (subcut)
Intravenous (IV)
Intradermal (ID)
Intracardiac (IC)
Intrathecal

Front 51

Epidural:

Back 51

into the epidural space (lumbar region of the spine).

Front 52

Intramuscular:

Back 52

into the muscle.

Front 53

Subcutaneous:

Back 53

into the subcutaneous tissue.

Front 54

Intravenous:

Back 54

into the vein.

Front 55

Intradermal:

Back 55

beneath the skin.

Front 56

Intracardiac:

Back 56

into the cardiac muscle.

Front 57

Intrathecal:

Back 57

into the spinal column.

Front 58

Cutaneous medications:

Back 58

medications that are administered through the skin or mucous membrane.

Front 59

Cutaneous medications include:

Back 59

Topical
Transdermal
Inhalation
Solns. and Ointments applied to the mucosa of the eyes, ears, nose, or mouth.
Suppositories

Front 60

Topical medications:

Back 60

medications that are administered on the skin surface.

Front 61

Transdermal medications:

Back 61

medications that are administered via a patch or disk applied to the skin. Applied for their systemic effects.

Front 62

Inhalation medications:

Back 62

medications that are breathed into the respiratory tract through the mouth or nose.

Front 63

Inhalation devices include:

Back 63

Nebulizers, dry powder inhalers (DPI), and metered dose inhalers (MDI).

Front 64

Nebulizer:

Back 64

vaporizes a liquid medication into a fine mist that can then be inhaled using a face mask or handheld device.

Front 65

DPI:

Back 65

a small device used for solid drugs; a fine powder is inhaled.

Front 66

MDI:

Back 66

uses a propellant to deliver a measured dose of medication with each inhalation.

Front 67

Scheduled medications for which an early or late administration of greater than 30 minutes might cause harm.

Back 67

Time-critical

Front 68

Scheduled medications for which a longer or shorter interval of time since the prior dose does not significantly change the medication's therapeutic effect or otherwise cause harm.

Back 68

Non-time critical

Front 69

When is the MAR is signed?

Back 69

Immediately AFTER the medication is given.

Front 70

An undesired physiologic response to a drug.

Back 70

A side effect.

Front 71

What needs to be written on the MAR after giving a medication?

Back 71

The drug name, dosage, route, time of administration, and Sign initials immediately!

Front 72

A directive to the pharmacist for a drug to be given to a pt.

Back 72

A drug prescription

Front 73

A directive to the pharmacist for the drugs prescribed in a hospital or other health care facility.

Back 73

Medication order (aka drug order and physician's order)

Front 74

Can medication orders be written or verbal?

Back 74

yes

Front 75

When are verbal medication orders usually taken?

Back 75

during an emergency.

Front 76

Medication order which indicates that the ordered drug is administered until a discontinuation order is written or until a specified date is reached.

Back 76

A routine order.

Front 77

An order prescribed in anticipation of sudden changes in a pt's condition.

Back 77

A standing order.

Front 78

What orders are used frequently in ICUs?

Back 78

standing orders; since pt's conditions can change rapidly there.

Front 79

A medication order for a drug to be given when the pt needs it.

Back 79

A PRN order

Front 80

A medication order that a drug is to be administered immediately.

Back 80

a STAT order

Front 81

What are the essential components of a medication order?

Back 81

-Pt's full name a DOB
-Date and time order was written (month, day, year, time)
-Name of medication
-Dosage
-Route
-Time and frequency of administration
-Signature of prescriber
-Signature of transriber

Front 82

A form used by healthcare facilities to document all drugs administered to a patient.

Back 82

A Medication Administration Record (MAR)

Front 83

Computerized system where prescribers input medication orders and all other essential patient information directly into a computer terminal.

Back 83

Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE)

Front 84

Drugs that contain two or more generic drugs in one form:

Back 84

Combination drugs

Front 85

How are controlled substances labeled on the drug label?

Back 85

There is a large "C" with the schedule number in roman numbers inside it.

Front 86

What must every drug order have?

Back 86

Drug
Dose
Route
Frequency