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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a bioisostere?
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A compound resulting from the exchange of an atom with another similar atom or group of atoms.
The objective is to create a new compound with similar biological properties to the parent compound. |
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What are isosteres?
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A compound resulting from the exchange of an atom with another similar atom or group of atoms.
-similar physical and chemical properties molecules or ions of similar size containing the same number of atoms and valence electrons (ex: O2-, F-, Ne) |
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What are stereoisomers?
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isomers whose molecules have the same atoms bonded to each other but differ in the way these atoms are arranged in space.
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What are the three types of stereoisomers?
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1. Geometric (cis/trans) isomers
2. Optical Isomers 3. Constitutional Isomers |
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What are enatiomers?
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-optical isomers
-mirror images of each other -not identical -have 1 or more chiral carbons -rotate the plane of polarized light equally, but in opposite directions -same physical properties -same chemical properties (A type of optical isomer) |
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What are geometric (cis-trans) isomers?
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-same molecular formula
-different geometric configuration (atoms are attached in different spatial arrangements on either side of a double bond) |
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"MJ pose"
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Trans isomer
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What are the two types of optical isomers?
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-enatiomers
-diastereomers |
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What are the two types of geometrical isomers?
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-cis
-trans |
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Define Isomers
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molecules of identical atomic compositions (molecular formulas), but with different bonding arrangements of atoms or orientation of their atoms in space.
(optical, geometric and conformational isomerism) |
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Define Optical Isomers
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molecules with the same atomic composition but different bonding arrangements between atoms.
-same molecular formula -different bonding arrangements -distinct chemical entities -different chemical and physical properties |
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Define Steroisomers
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-Identical molecular formula
-Identical bonding arrangement -different orientations of atoms in space -different orientations cannot interconvert freely by bond rotation. -differ only in relative spatial orientations of atoms -Three Types: optical, geometric, conformational |
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Define Conformational Isomers
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-Stereoisomers
-different relative spatial arrangements of atoms -rotation about sigma bonds -aka Rotamers |
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What is another name for conformational isomers?
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Rotamers
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What are diastereomers?
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-optical isomers
-NOT mirror images -at least two chiral carbons -sterochemistry of one chiral carbon will be the same -DIFFERENT physical and chemical properties -split light in different directions |
