Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Microorganisms?
|
tiny one celled plants and animals called germs
|
|
|
Where are microorganisms?
|
they are in the air, on the food, and on the things that we touch
|
|
|
Pathogens?
|
microorganisms that produce infection and disease
|
|
|
name some pathogens?
|
bacteria,fungi,protozoa,
rickettsiae and viruses |
|
|
Infection?
|
an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply and cause disease
|
|
|
What conditions must be present in the environment in order for a pathogen to live?
|
-food
-oxygen (prsense/absence) -moisure -heat -pH of 5-8(slightly alkalline) -darkness |
|
|
aeorbic bacteria?
|
requires oxygen
|
|
|
anaerobic bacteria?
|
will survive without oxygen
|
|
|
infectious diseases?
|
those caused by direct or indirect spread of pathogens form one person to another
|
|
|
How are microorganisms transmitted?
|
-body fluids
-touching someone -contact with contaminated equipment -inhalation |
|
|
What are some control measures for pathogens?
|
-hand washing
-proper disposal fo contaminated materials -proper cleaning of equipment -appropriate use of isolation precausions |
|
|
Signs and symptoms in the elderly?
|
are not as prominant
|
|
|
Why are eldery at increased risk of infection?
|
-decline in functions of the body systems
-less clear signs and symptoms -co-existing diseases -urinary retintion -decline in subcutanteous tissue -environment-nosocomial infections |
|
|
Signs and symptoms of localized infections?
|
-local redness
-pus formation -warmth -swelling -pain -limitation of movement |
|
|
Signs and symptoms of general infections?
|
-general decline
-increased weakness -headache -confusion -temperature -nausea,vomiting, diarrhea |
|
|
Systemic anti-infective agents? (6)
|
-bactericidal
-bacteriostatic -broad-spectrum -narrow spectrum -resistance -hypersensitivity |
|
|
Bactericidal?
|
kills most bacterial microorganisms
|
|
|
Bacteriostatic?
|
prevents bacterial micoorganisms from multiplying so that the body's immune system can kill the microbe
|
|
|
Broad spectrum?
|
kills many different microorganisms
|
|
|
Microbe-specific narrow spectrum?
|
kills only a few different microorganisms
|
|
|
resistance?
|
render anti-infective ineffective, caused by overdose of antibiotics, not taking meds as instructed
|
|
|
hypersensitivity
|
an allergic reaction to a drug.can be mild (such as a rash) or severe(antiphalactic shock)
|
|
|
antibiotics?
|
drugs that destroy microorganisms
|
