Mechanical Vent Vocab

Front 1

Active exhalation valve

Back 1

Holds pressure in circuit by delivering flow to allow or to breathe spontaneously

Front 2

Asynchrony/dyssynchrony

Back 2

Trigger/cycle on assisted breath leads or lags pts inspiratory effort; flow or vt doesn't meet or demand

Front 3

Adaptive targeting scheme

Back 3

Control system, vent sets auto sets some or all targets to achieve preset

Front 4

Airway pressure

Back 4

Pressure at airway open relative to atmospheric

Front 5

Airway pressure release ventilation

Back 5

Pressure control IMV, unrestricted spontaneous breath. I:E ratio great than 1:1 short expiration rather than PEEP

Front 6

Assisted breath

Back 6

All or part of breath generated by vent working on pt

Front 7

AutoPEEP

Back 7

Positive diff between end expiratory alveolar pressure and end expiratory airway pressure

Front 8

Automatic tube compensation

Back 8

Operator enter size of ett vent calculates resistance and generates pressure to overcome resistive load

Front 9

Autotrigger

Back 9

Vent repeatedly triggers itsself. Sensitivity too high aka autocycling asynchrony

Front 10

Biovariable targeting scheme

Back 10

Control system vent to auto set insp pressure or vt randomly mimic normal breathing variability

Front 11

Blower

Back 11

Generates large flows as direct cent output with moderate increase in pressure homecare and transport vents

Front 12

Breath

Back 12

Positive change in airway flow paired jsut negative change associated with ventilation of the lungs

Front 13

Breathing circuit

Back 13

System of tubing connects pt to vent

Front 14

Breath sequence

Back 14

Particular pattern of spontaneous and?or mandatory breaths; continuous mandatory, intermittent mandatory, continous spontaneous

Front 15

Compliance

Back 15

Mechanical property. Ratio of change in volume to associated. change in pressure. Reciprocal of elastance

Front 16

Compressor

Back 16

Machine moves low flow to storage at higher pressure level

Front 17

Continous mandatory ventilation

Back 17

Assist control; spontaneous breaths not allowed . Pt triggers then vent gives breath

Front 18

Continuous spontaneous ventilation

Back 18

All breaths spontaneous

Front 19

Control variable

Back 19

Variable vent uses as feedback to manipulate inspiration ex volume set pressure= control

Front 20

Cpap

Back 20

Continuous postive airway pressure. Set or measured mean value of transrespiratory system during unassisted breathing or between assisted breaths

Front 21

Cycle

Back 21

To end the inspiratory time and begin expiratory

Front 22

Driving pressure

Back 22

Pressure causing delivery of vt during pressure control modes

Front 23

Dual targeting scheme

Back 23

Control system, vent to switch between volume and pressure control during single inspire

Front 24

Duty cycle

Back 24

Ratio of inspiratory time to total cycle time %

Front 25

Dynamic compliance

Back 25

Slope of pressure volume curve drawn between two points of zero flow

Front 26

Dynamic hyperinflation

Back 26

Increase in lung volume, occur with insufficient exhale time to allow natural recoil volume

Front 27

Elastance

Back 27

Mechanical property, ratio of change in pressure to change in volume reciprocal of compliance

Front 28

Elastic load

Back 28

Pressure difference that sustains the systems volume relative to reference volume and/or amount of compressible contents

Front 29

Equation of motion

Back 29

P vent + Pmus= elastance* volume + resistancd*flow +autoPEEP

Front 30

Expiratory flow time

Back 30

Period from start of expiratory to when flow stops

Front 31

Expiratory pause time

Back 31

Stop of expiratory flow to start of inspiratory flow

Front 32

Expiratory time

Back 32

Start of expiratory flow to start of inspiratory flow

Front 33

Feedback control

Back 33

Closed loop control output as signal that is compared toboperstor set input. Difference used to drive system toward desired output

Front 34

Flow control

Back 34

Maintenance of an invariant inspiratory flow waveform despite changing respiratory mechanics

Front 35

Flow triggering

Back 35

Starting of inspiratory flow due to or inspiration effort that generates inspiratory flow above preset threshold

Front 36

Flow target

Back 36

Inspiratoey flow reaches preset value may be maintained before inspiration cycles off

Front 37

Flow cycling

Back 37

Ending of inspiratory time due to inspiratory flow decay below preset threshold

Front 38

Inspiratory flow

Back 38

Flow into airway opening during the inspiratory time. Positive

Front 39

Inspiratory flow time

Back 39

From start of inspiration flow to stop of it

Front 40

Inspiratory hold

Back 40

Intentional maneuvers exhale delayed after assisted breath to improve gas exchange

Front 41

Inspiratory pressure change

Back 41

Change in transrespiratory system pressure associated with delivery of vt

Front 42

Intelligent targeting scheme

Back 42

Vent control system uses artificial intelligence like fuzzy logic, rule based expert system. And artificial neural networks