Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Liver
|
main metabolic organ
largest compound gland. main metabolic organ largest compound gland. Parenchyma Stroma |
|
|
|
Liver
Parenchyma has what kind of cells . |
epithelial cells of endodermal origin.
|
|
|
|
Liver
The liver possesses very little connective tissue, explaining its softness and pliability and its susceptibility to |
tearing when abdomen is traumatized.
|
|
|
|
Liver
outer surface is |
dense fibroconnective tissue capsule (Glisson's capsule) that becomes thicker at the hilum,
|
|
|
|
Liver
Over a great area, the capsule is covered by |
peritoneum
except at the |
bare area
|
|
|
Liver
Within the lobule, there is a fine meshwork of = |
reticular and collagenous fibers around the sinusoids and within the perisinusoidal spaces
no fibroblasts. |
|
|
|
Liver
The fibers are synthesized by |
sinus lining cells and the pericytes of the perisinusoidal spaces.
|
|
|
|
Blood is supplied to the liver by
|
portal vein
hepatic artery |
75% to 80%
20% to 25% |
|
|
hepatic artery
|
a branch of the celiac trunk
interlobar artery and interlobular artery portal space |
|
|
|
portal vein
transports blood from the |
transports blood from the
digestive tract spleen pancreas |
|
|
|
The structural and functional unit of the liver is
|
Hepatic lobule
|
|
|
|
sinusoidal blood containing a mixture of blood supplied by branches of the
|
blood supplied by branches of the portal vein and the hepatic artery.
|
|
|
|
Branches of the hepatic artery and portal vein, together with a bile duct, form the classic portal triad found in the
|
portal space surrounding the hexagonal-shaped hepatic lobule.
|
|
|
|
Bile flows in the =
|
opposite direction to the blood.
|
|
|
|
Bile flows from the bile canaliculi into periportal bile ductules
|
canals of Hering
then into the = |
bile ducts
or ductules |
|
|
Bile ductules converge at the
|
intrahepatic bile ducts.
|
|
|
|
Portal Canal
The largest structure in a portal canal usually is |
portal vein
|
|
|
|
Portal Canal
The smallest is the artery or arteriole, branch of |
hepatic artery
|
|
|
|
bile duct is intermediate in size and recognized by its lining of cubical epithelial cells
info + |
Lymphatic vessels may be present along with triad and appear slit-like spaces lined by endothelium
info |
|
|
|
the classic concept
|
hepatic lobule, based on structural parameters
|
|
|
|
portal lobule concept
|
bile drainage pathway from adjacent lobules toward the same bile duct
|
|
|
|
liver acinus concept
|
gradient distribution of oxygen along the venous sinusoids of adjacent lobules.
|
|
|
.Functional view of the hepatic lobule
|
.There are three conceptual interpretations of the architecture of the liver lobule:
|
|
|
The classic hepatic lobule is described as a
|
polyhedral structure
|
|
|
|
In the portal lobule, the _______ ______
is the central axis, draining bile from the surrounding hepatic parenchyma. |
portal triad
|
|
|
|
Zone I
Zone III Zone II |
richest in oxygen and nutrients.
closer to the central vein, is oxygen-poor. is intermediate in oxygen and nutrients. |
|
|
|
the liver acinus concept is convenient for understanding =
|
liver regeneration patterns, liver metabolic activities, and the development of cirrhosis
|
|
|
|
Acinar zone 1
|
Closest to arterioles.
Most oxygenated. Functions: = |
Oxidative energy metabolism
Gluco(neo)genesis (glucose output) Lipolysis Urea synthesis from amino acids Conjugation with glutathione sulfate, glucuronic acid Regeneration |
|
|
Acinar zone 3
|
Most distant from arterioles.
Least oxygenated Functions: = |
NAD(P)H generation
Glycolysis (glucose uptake) Liponeogenesis Bile acid synthesis Urea synthesis from ammonia Cytochrome P450-dependent biotransformation |
|
|
The hepatocyte is the functional
______ & ________ cell of the hepatic lobule. |
exocrine and endocrine
|
|
