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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Respiration has two distinct meanings:
Cellular Respiration: Overall Respiration: |
Cellular respiration refers to the oxidation of nutrients to liberate energy.
Overall respiration refers to the gas exchange: Intake of O2 and removal of CO2. |
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Signals that initiate each cycle of breathing occurs in the Respiratory center which is located in the?
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Medulla Oblongata, a relatively primitive part of the brain.
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What does the Medulla Oblongata regulate?
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Respiration, Digestion, Heart rate
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Respiration, Breathing, and Heart Rate are all regulated by which part of the brain?
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Medulla Oblongata
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Is Respiration voluntary or involuntary?
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You can make it voluntary but it is normally involuntary, making it part of the Autonomous Nervous system. (ANS)
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What is the major muscle in respiration?
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Diaphragm
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What carries signals from the Medulla Oblongata to the Diaphragm, thus stimulating the Diaphragm to contract and initiate Inspiration?
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Phrenic Nerve
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What does the Phrenic Nerve do?
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Sends signals from the Medulla Oblongata to the Diaphragm stimulating it to contract and initiate Inspiration
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What is the process of breathing in called?
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Inspiration
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What is the nerve that is responsible for the initiation of Inspiration?
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Phrenic Nerve
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The large, dome-shaped muscle located between the thorax and the abdomen is called
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Diaphragm.
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Diaphragm dome shape
Relaxed: Contacted: |
Relaxed is arches upward, Contracted it flattens with it's center drawn downward
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How does the diaphragm cause a Negative Pressure difference between it and the Lungs ?
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As it contracts, the space between the lungs and diaphragm increases. This is the cause of the negative pressure difference.
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What happens when the Negative Pressure Difference is generated in the human Respiratory system?
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The lungs respond to it by expanding and creating a negative pressure differential between the interior of the lungs and the outside air.
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When the lungs expand in Inspiration, what is created?
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A Negative Pressure Differential between the interior of the lungs and the outside air.
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How is the Negative Pressure Differential equilibrated? How is this experienced?
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It is equilibrated by the inflow of air, and we experience this as "breathing in" - "drawing a breath"
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What contracts along with the contraction of the diaphragm?
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Intercoastal muscles - accessory muscles of respiration
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What are the accessory muscles of human respiration?
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Intercoastal muscles
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What is the function of the Intercoastal muscles in human Respiration?
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Further expands the chest cavity, augmenting the pressure differential created by the contraction of the diaphragm.
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What are the two muscles involved in creating the negative pressure differential between the lungs and the diaphragm?
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The Diaphragm and the Intercoastal muscles.
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What characteristic of the lung causes it to resist expansion?
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Elasticity
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What does the lung have a natural tendency to do ?
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Collapse
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