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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What century did the European explorers come to Latin America?
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15th Century
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What did the European Explorers find that surprised them when the came?
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Evidence of vast civilization--the Mayan Civilization, cities of the Aztec, and Incan nations
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What were they actually looking for when the explorers came to Latin America?
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Land and mineral wealth
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What time period did Maya take place?
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A.D. 250 to 900
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Where did the Maya people live for 15 centuries?
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In thick jungles and lowlands of Mexico and Central America
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Name the 3 parts the Mayan territory broke into
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1.North- Yucatan Peninsula
2.Central- Gulf of Mexico to Caribbean Sea 3.Southern Guatemala and Northern Honduras |
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The earliest days of Mayan civilization began...
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2500 B.C.
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A Mayan community began as a...
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Simple farming community -few families surrounded by fields
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The earliest civilizations had no...
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1.No social classes
2. No temples 3. No public buildings |
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When did Mayan civilization begin to develop vast cities and huge temples and pyramids, and roads
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During the peak of its civilization
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When did the Mayan culture collapse?
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A.D. 900
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What are two systems that we use today that was developed during Mayan civilization?
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1. A writing system
2. A calendar system |
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Who visited the Mayan civilization in 1502?
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Christopher Columbus
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What were the days like for the Mayan families?
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They were long and hard
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What was the women's job at 4:00 in the morning?
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Start a fire, make breakfast for family (cornmeal tortillas)
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Who got up by 5 AM to work the fields?
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The men and their sons
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Besides working in fields, what else to the men have to do?
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Hunt for food, build temples and pyramids, roads, ball courts, and buildings
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What did the men make to trade?
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Wooden or jade articles
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Jobs of the women
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Wash
Clean Ground cornmeal Swept Child care Tended animals-duck turkey monkey Made clothes by spin/weave |
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Did children go to school?
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No. They were taught skills and chores at home
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What did they sleep on?
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Woven mats
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Who developed the two types of calendars?
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The Mayan priests
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What skills/studies was used to develop the calendars?
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Mathematics and astronomy
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What did they associate with the 20 day names?
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A god or goddess
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What could priest predict by studying the combinations of gods and numbers?
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Good luck or bad luck
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This was based on the orbit of the earth around the sun
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The 365 day calendar
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How many months/days did Mayans have in their calendar year?
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18 months of 20 days
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The Mayans considered the last 5days of the year to be extremely ___________________.
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Unlucky. They fast, avoid work, and make sacrifices
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What did Mayan writing consist of?
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Symbols
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Another word for "picture writing"
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Hieroglyphic
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Where did they use writing symbols?
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In books of fig tree bark paper
On stone monuments |
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What did Mayans mainly write about?
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Religious ceremonies
Events Astronomy |
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Mayan's mathematical system was based on the number_______.
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20....ours is 10
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What did Mayans use to represent numbers?
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Dots and dashes
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What number was Mayan's greatest invention?
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The number 0
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Two important parts of Mayans religious festivals?
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Music and dancing
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What types of instruments did they craft?
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Percussion and wind. No strings.
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What was used to make drums?
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Hollow logs
Tortoise shells Clay |
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What were flutes and trumpets made from?
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Conch shells, wood, and clay
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Bells and rattles were made from____________ and ____________
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Gourds and bones
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Why was it bad for a musician to miss a beat when playing an instrument?
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The punishment was severe
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What is it called if they danced to bring on rain, depict wars, or for daily happenings?
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A ritual
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What did the men wear ?
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A loincloth-strip of cloth around hips and between legs
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What did women wear?
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Loose dresses to the ankles made from cotton
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The _________people wore brightly colored clothes with ornaments
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Elite
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Elaborate colored clothes were made from
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Jungle bird feathers
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What did priests, chiefs, and warriors wear?
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Golden green feathers of quetzal
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Men wore sandals made of ____________
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Hemp or deerskin
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Who wore the most elaborate jewelry?
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Priests, nobles, and the elite
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List types of jewelry they wore?
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On heads- earplugs, lip plugs, nose ornaments
Bracelets, rings, pendants, and bands on knees and ankles |
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Items used for jewelry
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Teeth, shells, obsidian, bone, and wood. They especially liked gemstones
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Their favorite gems
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Jade especially
Turquoise, onyx, rock Crystal |
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Common trees grown in the rain forest Mayans used?
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Rubber trees
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A milky white juice that oozes from the bark of a tree
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Latex
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What did Mayans make from latex?
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Balls, bottles, shoes
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Mayans chief crop
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Maize known as corn
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Besides corn, what else did Mayans grow?
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Beans, squash, pumpkins, peppers, tomatoes, avocados, papayas, and sweet potatoes
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How corn was prepared
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Soak kernels, grind with stone
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Type of meat Mayans ate
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Rabbit, deer, turkey, armadillo, turtle
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Did men and women eat together
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Never. Fed men first then ate later
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Their favorite hot drink
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Chocolate
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What types of artists were there?
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Sculptors, painters, and potters
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What did the artists like to make?
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Men, women, gods, goddesses
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What did artists draw on walls?
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Bright murals of battles and festivals
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A culture with organized systems of government, religion, and learning
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A civilization
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More food than you need
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A surplus
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Specialize
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To do only one kind of job
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A building with 3 or more sides shaped like triangles
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A pyramid
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Found at the top of the pyramids
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Temples where ceremonies were held
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Where were kings buried?
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In the pyramids
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What happened in 900 when Mayans deserted the cities?
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Forest grew back
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